THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA THE SIXTH NATIONAL REPORT UNDER THE CONVENTION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY August 2013 Beijing Contents A. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 1 A.1 General Situation of the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy in China ...................................................... 1 A.2 Policies and Objectives for Nuclear Power Development in China ........................................................ 3 A.3 Nuclear Safety Policy in China .................................................................................................................. 5 A.4 Preparation and Structural Features of the National Report ............................................................... 10 B. OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................ 12 B.1 Summary on the Fifth Implementation of Convention .......................................................................... 12 B.2 Subjects of the Report ............................................................................................................................... 15 B.2.1 Challenges during the Implementation of Convention ................................................................. 15 B.2.2 Activities carried out and Planned for Safety Improvement ........................................................ 16 B.2.3 International Peer Review Activities, Main Results and Follow-up Action Plans accepted and carried out during this Implementation of Convention ......................................................................... 23 B.2.4 Safety Improvement of Chinese NPPs after Fukushima Nuclear Accident ................................ 25 6. EXISTING NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS .............................................................................. 26 6.1 List of Existing Nuclear Power Plants...................................................................................................... 26 6.2 General Situation of Existing NPPs ......................................................................................................... 27 6.3 Safety Status of NPPs in China ................................................................................................................. 28 7. LEGISLATION AND REGULATION ...................................................................................... 30 7.1 Structure of Legislation and Regulation .................................................................................................. 30 7.1.1General Description of Nuclear safety Laws, Codes and Guides .................................................. 30 7.1.2Issued Laws, Regulations and Guides on Nuclear and Radiation Safety ..................................... 32 7.1.3Newly Issued Laws, Regulations and Guides on Nuclear Safety during this Implementation Period .......................................................................................................................................................... 34 7.1.4 Participation relating to International Convention on Nuclear Safety ........................................ 35 7.2 Licensing System ........................................................................................................................................ 36 7.2.1Types of Licenses for NPP ................................................................................................................. 37 7.2.2 Issuance of NPP Licenses ................................................................................................................. 37 7.2.3 Nuclear Safety Review and Surveillance System ........................................................................... 38 7.2.4 Newly Issued Licenses during this Implementation Period .......................................................... 40 8. REGULATION ............................................................................................................................. 43 8.1 Nuclear Safety Regulation System ........................................................................................................... 43 8.2 Regulatory Body ........................................................................................................................................ 44 8.2.1Organization Structure of MEP (NNSA) ......................................................................................... 44 8.2.2 Main Duties and Responsibilities of the MEP (NNSA) .................................................................. 46 8.3 Ministry of Health ...................................................................................................................................... 47 8.4 China Atomic Energy Authority ............................................................................................................... 47 8.5 National Energy Administration .............................................................................................................. 48 9. RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE LICENSEES ........................................................................... 50 10. PRIORITY TO SAFETY .......................................................................................................... 52 10.1 The Policy of "Safety First" and Nuclear Safety Objectives ............................................................... 52 10.2 Nuclear Safety Culture ............................................................................................................................ 53 11. FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCES ............................................................................ 56 11.1 Financial Resources ................................................................................................................................. 56 11.2 Human Resources .................................................................................................................................... 58 11.2.1 Human Resource Assurance Measures ......................................................................................... 58 11.2.2 Application of Systematized Training Method ............................................................................. 60 11.2.3Qualification, Training and Examination of Nuclear Safety Regulatory Personnel .................. 61 11.2.4Examination and License management of the Licensed Operators ............................................ 62 11.2.5Training and Assessment of Personnel in NPPs ............................................................................ 63 12. HUMAN FACTORS .................................................................................................................. 67 12.1 Actions Taken to Prevent and Correct Human Errors ......................................................................... 67 12.2 Measures Taken by the Licensees and Operating Organization ......................................................... 68 12.3 Supervision and Control ......................................................................................................................... 70 13. QUALITY ASSURANCE .......................................................................................................... 72 13.1Quality Assurance Policies ....................................................................................................................... 72 13.2 Basic Elements on Quality Assurance .................................................................................................... 72 13.3 Establishment, Implementation, Assessment and Improvement on QAPs of NPPs .......................... 74 13.3.1Establishment of QAP ..................................................................................................................... 74 13.3.2Execution, Evaluation and Improvement of QAP ........................................................................ 75 13.3.3Management Review ....................................................................................................................... 75 13.4 Supervision and Control ......................................................................................................................... 78 14. ASSESSMENT AND VERIFICATION OF SAFETY ............................................................ 81 14.1 Licensing Process for Different Stages of an NPP ................................................................................. 81 14.2 Safety Assessment and Verification Practices in NPPs ......................................................................... 83 14.2.1 Probabilistic Safety Analysis .......................................................................................................... 83 14.2.2 Surveillance for Items Important to Safety .................................................................................. 86 14.2.3 In-Service Inspection ...................................................................................................................... 87 14.2.4 Aging Management ......................................................................................................................... 88 14.2.5 Periodical Safety Review ................................................................................................................ 91 14.2.6 Internal and External Assessment in NPPs .................................................................................