SFG3499 Public Disclosure Authorized Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Ministry of Communications and Information Technology CONSULTANCY SERVICES TO PREPARE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) AND TO CARRY OUT RELEVANT CAPACITY BUILDING FOR DIGITAL CASA AFGHANISTAN PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental and Social Management Framework for Digital CASA Afghanistan Project Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared by Jose M. Cabral Environmental Consultant Public Disclosure Authorized May 2017 CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................. i 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 DESCRIPTION OF DIGITAL CASA AFGHANISTAN PROJECT .................................... 2 2.1 Digital CASA Regional Program........................................................................................ 2 2.2 Digital CASA Afghanistan Project ..................................................................................... 3 3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AFGHANISTAN ............ 6 3.1 Geographic Location ........................................................................................................... 6 3.2 Physical Characteristics ...................................................................................................... 7 3.3 Ecological Characteristics ................................................................................................... 9 3.4 Socioeconomic Characteristics ......................................................................................... 11 4.0 LEGAL, POLICY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT IN AFGHANISTAN .............................................................. 14 4.1 Legal and Policy Framework ............................................................................................ 14 4.2 Institutional Framework .................................................................................................... 22 5.0 APPLICABLE WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ............................................... 24 6.0 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND RISKS OF ................ DIGITAL CASA ................................................................................................................... 26 6.1 Project Components and Activities that Raise Environmental and Social Concerns ...... 26 6.2 Description of Component 1 Activities Involving Physical Works ................................. 27 7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) ............ 33 7.1 PMO‘s Environmental and Social Capacity and Experience ........................................... 34 7.2 Structure of ESMF ............................................................................................................ 35 7.3 Environmental and Social Screening ................................................................................ 37 7.4 Environmental and Social Scoping ................................................................................... 38 7.5 Incorporation of Environmental and Social Sustainability into Subproject ........................ Procurement Process ......................................................................................................... 40 7.6 Environmental and Social Compliance Oversight ............................................................ 41 7.7 Institutional Arrangements for ESMF Implementation .................................................... 41 7.8 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) ............................................................................ 47 7.9 Environmental and Social Training Plan .......................................................................... 49 7.10 Budget Considerations for ESMF Implementation....................................................... 50 7.11 Monitoring and Reporting............................................................................................. 50 7.12 Public Disclosure .......................................................................................................... 50 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 51 ANNEXES I Interim ESIA Process in Afghanistan II Digital CASA Proposed OFC Network III Potential Positive Environmental and Social Impacts, and Potential Negative Environmental and Social Impacts and Risks of Digital CASA, and Mitigation Measures IV Environmental and Social Screening Tools Form V Environmental and Social Scoping Form VI TOR for Contractor‘s Site-Specific ESMP and Site-Specific HSMP VII ESHS Criteria for Evaluation of Bid Proposals VIII ESHS Conditions of Particular Application IX ESHS Technical Specifications for Construction X Environmental and Social Compliance Report XI Grievance Registration Form XII Grievance Logbook XIII Grievance Decision Form XIV Grievance Report Format XV Procedure for Mine and Unidentified Explosive Object Risk Management XVI Chance Find Procedure XVII TOR for PMO‘s Environmental and Social Officer XVIII Action Plan for Implementation of ESMF and RPF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AFTEL Afghan Telecom AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ARP Abbreviated Resettlement Plan ARTF Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund ATRA Afghanistan Telecom Regulatory Authority CASA Central Asia South Asia CDC Community Development Council cm centimeter DABS Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat DDF Digital Distribution Frame EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement ES Environmental and Social ESHS Environmental, Social, Health and Safety ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ESSMIP Environmental and Social Safeguards Management and Implementation Plans FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GDP Gross Domestic Product GI Galvanized Iron GIS Geographic Information System GovNet Government Networks GRC Grievance Redress Committee GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism GRS Grievance Redress Service HDPE High-Density Polyethylene HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus HSMP Health and Safety Management Plan ICT Information and Communications Technology IT Information Technology ICTDP ICT Sector Development Project IDA International Development Association ITES Information Technology Enabled Services IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature Km Kilometer LAC Land Acquisition Committee LH Long-Haul m Meter MCIT Ministry of Communications and Information Technology MEW Ministry of Energy and Water mm millimeter MOPW Ministry of Public Works MT Metric Ton NEPA National Environmental Protection Agency NGO Non-Governmental Organization OFC Optical Fiber Cable OP Operational Policy OPGW Optical Ground Wire OSP Outside Services Plant PAP Project-Affected Person PID/ISDS Project Information Documents/Integrated Safeguards Data Sheet PMO Project Management Office PPE Personal Protective Equipment PPG Project Preparation Grant PPP Public-Private Partnership PVC Polyvinyl Chloride ROW Right of Way RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SOP Series of Projects STI Sexually Transmitted Infection TAPI Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India TOR Terms of Reference UNDP United Nations Development Program USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency UXO Unidentified Explosive Object WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization WTO World Trade Organization i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I. DESCRIPTION OF DIGITAL CASA AFGHANISTAN PROJECT Proposed Development Objective ―The proposed Development Objective is to increase access to digital services throughout Afghanistan, via a regionally integrated, secure and affordable digital infrastructure, including the expansion of e-Government services and digital job opportunities‖. Cost and Components ―Digital CASA Afghanistan is estimated at around $90 million, and will consist of a mix of regional and national IDA funds. Since this is a regional program with significant spillover benefits across countries, supplementary regional IDA funding is expected to complement national IDA allocations for up to two-thirds of the total IDA financing of the regional activities. The components will build on the successful implementation of the ongoing ICT Sector Development Project and are expected to be structured as follows: Component 1: Supply-side (digital connectivity), $60million. Under PPP frameworks, this component will finance domestic and cross-border infrastructure that is needed to ensure greater access to affordable high speed Internet services, both within Afghanistan and in neighboring countries. Activities may include but are not limited to: (a) financing and operation of regional backhaul optical fiber networks; this may include connecting Afghanistan with China through the Wakhan Border, and strengthening links with other neighboring countries such as Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan (b) deployment of high capacity, domestic fiber-optic networks, including the 9 provincial capitals that remain to be connected and select rural areas of the country; (c) financing of the pre-purchase of Internet bandwidth for the Government usage; (d) financing of the establishment of a Government Network (GovNet) for providing broadband connectivity to government institutions, including schools, universities, government offices