SFG3187 V1 Public Disclosure Authorized KENYA OFF-GRID SOLAR ACCESS PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized (K-OSAP) ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Public Disclosure Authorized March 2017 Public Disclosure Authorized BASIC INFORMATION 1. Country and Project Name: KENYA OFF-GRID SOLAR ACCESS PROJECT (K-OSAP) 2. Project Development Objective: to increase access to electricity services in underserved counties in Kenya 3. Expected Project Benefits: Beneficiaries will be households, public and community institutions, enterprises and community facilities that cannot access electricity through the national grid and whose use of electricity will replace kerosene and other fuels for lighting and other activities like pumping water. Another set of beneficiaries of the project will be host communities around refugee camps who will be provided with efficient cooking stoves (“jikos”) to replace fuel wood and charcoal for cooking 4. Identified Project Social Risks: Minimal adverse social risks are anticipated under this project because the installation of solar systems will take place within existing households and public facilities. Recipient: Government of Kenya – Ministry of Energy and Petroleum Responsible Government/Country Agency for ESMF Implementation: Ministry of Energy and Petroleum (MoEP), Rural Electrification Authority (REA), Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited (KPLC) and County Governments in the target areas. Total Project Cost (USD million): 155 Million USD Date ESMF was Prepared: March, 2017 1 The Environmental & Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been prepared by Environment & Social Unit, Safety, Health & Environment (SHE) Department of Kenya Power, REA and MoEP. The ESMF has been prepared based on an overall Environmental & Social Assessment, which includes: The general baseline at project areas. Evaluation of potential Environmental & Social impacts of project and Assessment of environmental practices in different ongoing and completed projects. The ESMF provides the guidelines for the preparation of all mitigation plans (Environmental & Social Management Plans and Construction Management Plan) to respond to the anticipated project impacts, once the project locations are finalized. 2 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK: KENYA OFF GRID SOLAR ACCESS PROJECT (K-OSAP) TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 1.1 BACKGROUND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 1.2 ESMF REQUIREMENT ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 1.3 PURPOSE OF ESMF ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE ESMF ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SCREENING ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 1.6 LEVEL OF ENVIRONMENTAL WORK -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 1.7 COORDINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SCREENING AT REA AND KPLC -------------------------------------------------------- 21 1.8 PREPARATION AND USE OF THIS FRAMEWORK ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 1.9 POTENTIAL USERS OF THE ESMF---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 CHAPTER TWO: METHODOLOGY AND CONSULTATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 2.1 INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 2.2 DETAILED & IN-DEPTH LITERATURE REVIEW ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 2.3 STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24 2.4 PREPARATION OF ESMF ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 CHAPTER THREE: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 3.1 INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25 3.2 BACKGROUND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 3.3 KENYA-OFF GRID SOLAR ACCESS PROJECT ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 3.4 K-OSAP PROJECT OBJECTIVES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 28 3.5 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION, SUPERVISION AND MANAGEMENT (K-OSAP ELECTRIFICATION) ----------------------------------------------- 32 3.6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 3.7 MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 CHAPTER FOUR: BASELINE INFORMATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 4.1 INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 4.2 KWALE COUNTY ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 4.3 TAITA TAVETA COUNTY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35 4.4 WEST POKOT COUNTY --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 4.5 NAROK COUNTY --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 4.6 LAMU COUNTY ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39 4.7 SAMBURU COUNTY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 40 4.8 ISIOLO COUNTY ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 4.9 MARSABIT COUNTY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 4.10 GARISSA COUNTY --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44 4.11 TANA RIVER COUNTY ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 4.12 WAJIR COUNTY ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 4.13 MANDERA COUNTY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 47 4.14 KILIFI COUNTY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 48 CHAPTER FIVE: DESCRIPTION OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE, POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ------------------------------ 51 5.1 INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN KENYA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 5.3 ADMINISTRATIVE / INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 5.4 THE LEGAL, REGULATORY AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 53 5.6 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS AND TREATIES RATIFIED BY KENYA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65 CHAPTER SIX: DESCRIPTION OF WORLD BANK OPERATIONAL SAFEGUARD POLICIES -------------------------------------------------- 66 6.1 INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 6.2 WORLD BANK’S SAFEGUARDS TRIGGERED BY K-OSAP PROJECT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70 3 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (OP4.01) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73 6.4 ALIGNMENT OF WB AND GOK POLICES RELEVANT TO THIS ESMF ---------------------------------------------------------------------------