Statistics on Water in Mexico, 2015 Edition

Statistics on Water in Mexico, 2015 Edition

ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS ESTADÍSTICASS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ESTADÍSTICAS DEL AGUA EN MÉXICO ON IN Water Mexico 2015 EDITION comisión nacional del agua Statistics on Water in Mexico, 2015 Edition National Water Commission December 2015 www.conagua.gob.mx Statistics on Water in Mexico, 2015 edition All rights reserved. © Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources Boulevard Adolfo Ruiz Cortines No. 4209, Col. Jardines en la Montaña, C.P. 14210 Tlalpan, Mexico, D.F. Mexico. National Water Commission Deputy Director General’s Office for Planning Insurgentes Sur No. 2416, Col. Copilco el Bajo C.P. 04340 Coyoacan, Mexico, D.F. Phone: 52-(55)5174-4000 Printed and produced in Mexico Impreso y hecho en México Distributed free of charge. Not intended for resale. The use of this publication for purposes other than social development is prohibited. The unaltered reproduction of the material contained in this publication is authorized, for non-profit purposes and always quoting the source. Index Chapter 1 Geographical and socio-economic context 1.1 Geographical and demographic aspects ...................................................................................................... 13 1.2 Population centers ..................................................................................................................................... 16 1.3 Economic indicators ................................................................................................................................... 18 1.4 Socio-demographic conditions ................................................................................................................... 20 1.5 Hydrological-administrative regions (HARs) for water management ............................................................ 22 1.6 Regional contrast between development and renewable water resources (RWR) .......................................... 24 1.7 Summary of data by state ........................................................................................................................... 27 Chapter 2 State of water resources 2.1 Mexico’s catchments and aquifers .............................................................................................................. 33 2.2 Renewable Water Resources ...................................................................................................................... 36 Precipitation ............................................................................................................................................. 38 2.3 Hydro-meteorological phenomena ............................................................................................................. 42 Tropical cyclones ...................................................................................................................................... 42 Droughts .................................................................................................................................................. 44 Effects ...................................................................................................................................................... 46 2.4 Surface water ............................................................................................................................................ 48 Rivers ...................................................................................................................................................... 48 Mexico’s transboundary catchments ......................................................................................................... 52 Mexico’s main lakes ................................................................................................................................. 56 2.5 Groundwater ............................................................................................................................................. 58 Overdrafting of aquifers ............................................................................................................................ 58 Aquifers with saltwater intrusion and/or suffering from the phenomena of soil salinization and brackish groundwater ......................................................................................................................... 60 2.6 Water quality ............................................................................................................................................ 62 Monitoring of water quality ....................................................................................................................... 62 Evaluation of water quality ....................................................................................................................... 62 Summary of water quality ......................................................................................................................... 66 Groundwater quality ................................................................................................................................. 66 Water quality on beaches ........................................................................................................................... 66 Water quality classification criteria on beaches .......................................................................................... 68 Chapter 3 Uses of water 3.1 Classification of the uses of water .............................................................................................................. 77 3.2 Distribution of uses throughout Mexico ...................................................................................................... 80 3.3 Grouped use for agriculture ....................................................................................................................... 84 3.4 Grouped use for public supply .................................................................................................................... 86 3.5 Grouped use for self-supplying industry ...................................................................................................... 88 3.6 Use in energy generation excluding hydropower .......................................................................................... 90 3.7 Use in hydropower plants ........................................................................................................................... 92 3.8 Degree of water stress ................................................................................................................................ 94 3.9 Virtual Water in Mexico ............................................................................................................................. 96 Chapter 4 Water infrastructure 4.1 Water infrastructure ................................................................................................................................ 103 4.2 Reservoirs and berms .............................................................................................................................. 104 4.3 Hydro-agricultural infrastructure ............................................................................................................ 110 Irrigation Districts (IDs) ......................................................................................................................... 110 Irrigation Units (IUs) .............................................................................................................................. 114 Technified Rainfed Districts (TRDs) ........................................................................................................ 114 4.4 Drinking water and sanitation infrastructure ............................................................................................. 116 Drinking water coverage .......................................................................................................................... 116 Sanitation coverage ................................................................................................................................. 118 Aqueducts ..............................................................................................................................................

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