The Unix Shell Introduction to the shell Files and the file system Creating and deleting files Copyright © Software Carpentry 2010 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License See http://software-carpentry.org/license.html for more information. The Unix Shell Introduction Copyright © Software Carpentry 2010 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License See http://software-carpentry.org/license.html for more information. The Unix Shell Introduction The Unix Shell Introduction Run Programs The Unix Shell Introduction Run Store Programs Data The Unix Shell Introduction Run Store Programs Data Communicate with each other The Unix Shell Introduction Run Store Programs Data Communicate Interact with each other with us The Unix Shell Introduction Interact with us The Unix Shell Introduction Interact with us Telepathy The Unix Shell Introduction Interact with us Telepathy Speech The Unix Shell Introduction Interact with us Telepathy Speech WIMP (windows, icons, mice, pointers) The Unix Shell Introduction Interact with us Rewiring Telepathy Speech WIMP The Unix Shell Introduction Interact with us Rewiring Telepathy Typewriter Speech WIMP The Unix Shell Introduction Typewriter The Unix Shell Introduction Typewriter Line printer + keyboard The Unix Shell Introduction Typewriter Line printer + keyboard Text only The Unix Shell Introduction Typewriter Line printer + keyboard Text only The Unix Shell Introduction Typewriter Line printer + keyboard Text only CLUI: command-line user interface The Unix Shell Introduction user logs in The Unix Shell Introduction user logs in user types command The Unix Shell Introduction user logs in user types command computer executes command and prints output The Unix Shell Introduction user logs in user types command computer executes command and prints output user types another command The Unix Shell Introduction user logs in user types command computer executes command and prints output user types another command computer executes command and prints output The Unix Shell Introduction user logs in user types command computer executes command and prints output user types another command computer executes command and prints output ⋮user logs off The Unix Shell Introduction user logs in user types command computer executes command and prints output user types another command computer executes command and prints output ⋮user logs off The Unix Shell Introduction user logs in user types command computer executes command and prints output user types another command computer executes command and prints output shell ⋮user logs off The Unix Shell Introduction user logs in user types command computer executes command and prints output user types another command computer executes command and prints output shell ⋮user logs off The Unix Shell Introduction A shell is just a program that runs other programs The Unix Shell Introduction A shell is just a program that runs other programs Most popular is bash (the Bourne again shell) The Unix Shell Introduction A shell is just a program that runs other programs Most popular is bash (the Bourne again shell) The Unix Shell Introduction A shell is just a program that runs other programs Most popular is bash (the Bourne again shell) Using it feels a lot more like programming than using windows, a mouse, etc. The Unix Shell Introduction A shell is just a program that runs other programs Most popular is bash (the Bourne again shell) Using it feels a lot more like programming than using windows, a mouse, etc. Commands are terse and often cryptic The Unix Shell Introduction A shell is just a program that runs other programs Most popular is bash (the Bourne again shell) Using it feels a lot more like programming than using windows, a mouse, etc. Commands are terse and often cryptic Use it because: The Unix Shell Introduction A shell is just a program that runs other programs Most popular is bash (the Bourne again shell) Using it feels a lot more like programming than using windows, a mouse, etc. Commands are terse and often cryptic Use it because: – many tools only have command-line interfaces The Unix Shell Introduction A shell is just a program that runs other programs Most popular is bash (the Bourne again shell) Using it feels a lot more like programming than using windows, a mouse, etc. Commands are terse and often cryptic Use it because: – many tools only have command-line interfaces – allows you to combine tools in powerful new ways The Unix Shell Introduction created by Greg Wilson August 2010 Copyright © Software Carpentry 2010 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License See http://software-carpentry.org/license.html for more information. The Unix Shell Files and Directories Copyright © Software Carpentry 2010 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License See http://software-carpentry.org/license.html for more information. The Unix Shell Introduction Run Store Programs Data Communicate Interact with each other with us The Unix Shell Introduction Run Store Programs shell Data Communicate Interact with each other with us The Unix Shell Introduction Store shell Data The Unix Shell Introduction Store shell Data file system The Unix Shell Introduction Store shell Data file system files The Unix Shell Introduction Store shell Data file system files directories The Unix Shell Introduction Store shell Data Use the shell file system to view and change the file system files directories The Unix Shell Introduction Store Use the shell shell Data to run commands file system to view what's in the file system files directories The Unix Shell Introduction login: The Unix Shell Introduction login: computer prompt in bold The Unix Shell Introduction login: computer prompt in bold explanatory text in blue The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad user input in green The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** password The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ shell prompt The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ shell prompt like Python's >>> and … The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami check user ID The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami check user ID shell finds the whoami program The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami check user ID shell finds the whoami program runs it The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami check user ID vlad shell finds the whoami program runs it prints its output The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami check user ID vlad shell finds the whoami program $ runs it prints its output displays a new prompt The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami vlad $ pwd what is the working directory The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami vlad $ pwd what is the working directory the directory used when no other directory is explicitly specified The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami vlad $ pwd /users/vlad $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** $ whoami vlad $ pwd /users/vlad $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd /users/vlad $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd /users/vlad $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd bin /users/vlad $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd bin data /users/vlad $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd bin data users /users/vlad $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd bin data users tmp /users/vlad $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd bin data users tmp /users/vlad $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd bin data users tmp /users/vlad $ imhotep larry vlad The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd bin data users tmp /users/vlad $ imhotep larry vlad The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd bin data users tmp /users/vlad $ imhotep larry vlad The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad root password: ******** / $ whoami vlad $ pwd bin data users tmp /users/vlad $ imhotep larry vlad The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami vlad $ pwd /users/vlad $ ls stands for "listing" The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami vlad $ pwd /users/vlad $ ls stands for "listing" sadly more memorable than most command names The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami vlad $ pwd /users/vlad $ ls bin data mail music notes.txt papers pizza.cfg solar solar.pdf swc $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami vlad an argument or flag modifying $ pwd the command's behavior /users/vlad $ ls -F bin/ data/ mail/ music/ notes.txt papers/ pizza.cfg solar/ solar.pdf swc/ $ The Unix Shell Introduction login: vlad password: ******** $ whoami vlad adds a trailing '/' to $ pwd directory names /users/vlad $ ls -F bin/ data/ mail/ music/ notes.txt papers/ pizza.cfg solar/ solar.pdf swc/ $ The Unix Shell Introduction $ ls -F bin/ data/ mail/ music/ notes.txt papers/ pizza.cfg solar/ solar.pdf swc/ vlad bin data mail music notes.txt papers