WARFARE SAILORS CAREER HANDBOOK FOREWORD iii Foreword The Warfare Sailors Career Handbook is a • Naval Police Coxswain compendium of information relating to the • Photographic professional opportunities available to any young Australian man or woman who is either interested • Physical Trainer in a career in the Navy, or who aspires to serve as Importantly, this career handbook offers some a member of the Royal Australian Navy’s Warfare contextual commentary on how each of these Community. individual categories combine to form the The Sailor Warfare Community is comprised of a formidable team of skills that make a modern, number of specialist categories, each of which offer technologically advanced warship function to unique life skills and challenging and rewarding its full capability. In doing so, it also looks at experiences within the maritime environment. the proud history of sailors within the Royal Each of these employment categories has its Australian Navy and how their achievements and own dedicated chapter that details the history, selfless sacrifice have shaped not only the Navy nature of work and predominant type of platform of today, but the values and freedoms that we (ship, aircraft or submarine) in which the work is enjoy in Australia. The essence of this sacrifice undertaken. These specialist warfare employment is captured in the following poem penned by US categories are: Naval Chaplain, Father Denis Edward O’Brien who wrote, after witnessing the carnage of Guadalcanal • Aircrew in World War II: • Acoustic Warfare Analyst Submarines ‘It is the sailor, soldier and airman, not the • Boatswain Mate reporter, who has given us the freedom of press; • Clearance Diver It is the sailor, soldier and airman, not the poet, • Communication & Information Systems who has given us freedom of speech; • Communications & Information Systems It is the sailor, soldier and airman, not the Submarines campus organizer, who has given us the freedom of association and • Combat Systems Operator demonstration; • Combat System Operator Mine Warfare It is the sailor, soldier and airman, not the lawyer who has given us the right to a fair trial; • Cryptologic Linguist It is the sailor, soldier and airman, • Cryptologic Systems who salute the Flag, serve beneath the Flag, whose coffin is draped by the Flag, • Cryptologic Systems Submarine who allows the protester to burn the Flag.’ • Hydrographic Systems Operator iv Warfare SAILORS CAREER Handbook This Career handbook will not appeal to those who seek a simple and predictable line of work or employment. Life within the Warfare Sailor Community is demanding and challenging. Successful candidates will be expected to demonstrate leadership and moral courage beyond their years in an often unforgiving maritime environment. Many who seek to gain this employment are often found wanting and don’t make the grade. The question that must be asked for each individual who aspires to join this community and honour its proud heritage and exciting future is ‘Are you good enough’? P.G. LOCKWOOD, DSC, CSC Commodore, RAN Head of Warfare Community. November, 2007 CONTENTS vii Contents Part One - Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction to the Royal Australian Navy 3 Chapter 2 The Warfare Profession Today 13 - Whole Ship Activities/Evolutions 17 - Ship Survivability and Safety 23 - Occupational Health and Safety 27 - Warfare Categories Administration and Management 31 - Future Issues and Developments 35 Part Two - The Warfare Categories Chapter 1 Aircrewman Category 39 Chapter 2 Acoustic Warfare Analyst - Submarine Category 49 Chapter 3 Boatswains Mate Category 63 Chapter 4 Clearance Diver Category 77 Chapter 5 Communications and Information Systems Category 91 viii Warfare SAILORS CAREER Handbook Part Two - The Warfare Categories Chapter 6 Communications and Information Systems - Submarine Category 107 Chapter 7 Combat Systems Operator Category 115 Chapter 8 Combat Systems Operator Mine Warfare Category 131 Chapter 9 Cryptologic Linguist/Systems Category 143 Chapter 10 Cryptologic Systems - Submarine Category 151 Chapter 11 Hydrographic Survey Operator Category 159 Chapter 12 Naval Police Coxswain Category 179 Chapter 13 Photographic Category 189 Chapter 14 Physical Trainers Category 199 CONTENTS ix Part Three - Recruitment, Career, Management and Training Chapter 1 Recruitment 209 Chapter 2 Career Management 213 Chapter 3 Promotion 219 Chapter 4 Training 223 Chapter 5 Personal Development Training 225 Chapter 6 Civilian Accreditation 227 x Warfare SAILORS CAREER Handbook Part Four - Navy, Leadership, Ethics and Values Chapter 1 Leadership, Ethics and Values 229 Appendices Appendix One Warfare Category Badges 247 Appendix Two Establishment and Element Group Badges 251 Appendix Three RAN Units and Establishments 255 Appendix Four Australian Honours and Awards 261 Appendix Five Naval Community Associations 271 Appendix Six Abbreviations 277 Appendix Seven Bibliography and Sources 287 IntroductIon 1 the Face of the navy Warfare community The Navy warfare community crest was launched The use of the shark indicates strength, speed by Chief of Navy, 10 May 2007. It is the symbol of and power in the Sea. Notably, the Great White some 4800 officers and sailors. The crest is “Azure; shark is identified well as being Australian but also issuing out of base barry wavy of four argent and travels and lives in the areas that are of interest azure, a trident gules encircled by a Great White to RAN. The red (gules) trident is indicative of the Pointer Shark (Caracharodon carcharias) proper”. base of maritime power traditionally identified The varied blue (Azure) represents the air, sea with Neptunus Rex. Finally the motto Combine and undersea in which the Warfare Community and Conquer indicates the strength and power members serve. The waves (barry (even) wavy) that comes through bringing together the various and foam (argent) indicate the importance of the categories and corps of Navy Warfare to produce littoral and in “operating over the ocean wave”. the capability for the Navy to fight and win at sea. IntroductIon 3 PART one - chapter 1 Introduction – the royal australian navy The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) is a naval force to keep such small navies efficient and most of medium power, of an island nation with no soon languished on the brink of disbandment. continental land borders and with one of the The officers and men remained enthusiastic largest maritime jurisdictions of any nation. Not nevertheless, and members of the colonial naval surprisingly, naval forces have long played an forces served in both the South African War (1899- important part in our history. It was, after all, the 1902) and the Boxer Uprising in China (1900- Royal Navy which discovered, explored and then 1901). in 1788 founded European Australia. For the next 125 years the Royal Navy provided the ultimate creation of an australian navy security guarantee for the developing Australasian The Australian Navy was created on 1 March 1901 colonies, but following Federation in 1901 it was when, after Federation, the states transferred only natural that Australians would wish to assume all their naval and military forces to the Federal greater responsibility for their own defence. The Government. Although this date marks the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) can in some ways be official birth of the Australian Navy, much had seen as an offshoot of the Royal Navy, and even yet to be accomplished. Initially known as the today still retains many traditions in common. But Commonwealth Naval Forces (CNF), the Navy had as one of Australia’s oldest and most important less than 250 men and its vessels were tired, old national institutions the RAN has also played and inadequate even for training. a vital role in defining our independent national identity. The British, however, faced a growing number of challenges to their global naval supremacy and the colonial navies idea of a more capable Australian Navy gradually gathered support. At the 1909 Imperial Conference, The origins of an independent Australian Navy the British Admiralty suggested that the CNF be date back to the mid-19th century when the self- expanded into a modern, balanced naval force governing colonies of Victoria, New South Wales, based around a battlecruiser, several light cruisers Queensland, South Australia and Tasmania all and a flotilla of destroyers and submarines. This decided to acquire small numbers of naval vessels self-contained package represented the ideal force and raised local forces to man them. These structure; small enough to be managed by Australia vessels were designed purely for local defence and in times of peace, but in war capable of effective were prohibited from operating outside the three combined action with the Royal Navy. Orders for mile coastal limit. More limiting in the longer- the new vessels were soon placed in British and term however, the colonies found it very difficult 4 WarFare SaILorS career Handbook HMAS Australia I at No1 buoy Port Jackson, 4th October 1913. HMA Ships Melbourne I and Sydney I are in the background. Australian shipyards, while the Naval Depot at remarkable feat, and one that was only possible Williamstown in Victoria began catering for the through the active and willing support of the Royal greatly increased number of recruits. Reflecting the Navy. increased status of the force, the CNF was retitled the Royal Australian Navy on 10 July 1911. World War I On 4 October 1913, the new units of the Australian At the outbreak of hostilities in August