DE4.5.1– Accessibility aspects in Music Tuition I-MAESTRO: Interactive Multimedia Environment for Technology Enhanced Music Education and Creative Collaborative Composition and Performance www.i-maestro.org, www.i-maestro.net DE4.5.1 Accessibility aspects in Music Tuition Version: 2.1 Date: 13/11/2006 Responsible: Dedicon (Neil McKenzie, [email protected], David Crombie, [email protected], Sabine Schotel, [email protected] ) Project Number: 026883 Project Title: I-MAESTRO Deliverable Type: Public Visible to User Groups: Yes Visible to Affiliated: Yes Visible to Public: Yes Deliverable Number: DE4.5.1 Contractual Date of Delivery: M12 Actual Date of Delivery: 14 November 2006 Work-Package contributing to the Deliverable: WP2, WP3, WP4, WP5, WP10 Task contributing to the Deliverable: WP4 Nature of the Deliverable: Report Author(s): ALL Abstract: This deliverable is entitled “Accessibility aspects in Music Tuition”. In order to cover the topic, the deliverable brings together all the accessibility aspects, which relate to the i-Maestro project in one document. This includes Technologies, Formats, Standard, State of the Art and descriptions of Learning modalities and training paradigms. This is the first draft of this deliverable, and it is expected that it forms a basis to feed into the other work package information, sufficient to provide a solid accessible foundation on the developments of the i-Maestro project to ensure the relevance to and inclusion of as many end users as possible. Keyword List: Accessibility, Standards, Print Impaired. I-MAESTRO project 1 www.i-maestro.org ver2.1, 2006-11-13 DE4.5.1– Accessibility aspects in Music Tuition Table of Contents 1 TABLE OF FIGURES............................................................................................................................................. 5 2 LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................... 6 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND REPORT SCOPE ............................................................................................ 7 4 DELIVERABLE AIM ............................................................................................................................................. 7 5 ACCESSIBILITY OF MUSIC SCORES............................................................................................................... 9 6 THE USER GROUP.............................................................................................................................................. 11 6.1 VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS ................................................................................................................................11 6.1.1 “Focus on Music” Study ............................................................................................................................ 12 6.1.2 Music Notation........................................................................................................................................... 13 6.2 HEARING IMPAIRMENTS.............................................................................................................................. 13 6.2.1 Hearing Impairment ................................................................................................................................... 14 6.3 PHYSICAL IMPAIRMENTS............................................................................................................................. 14 6.4 COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS........................................................................................................................... 15 7 OVERVIEW OF FORMATS FOR ACCESSIBLE MUSIC EDUCATION .................................................... 15 7.1 FORMATS .................................................................................................................................................... 16 7.1.1 The Braille cell........................................................................................................................................... 16 7.1.2 Large Cell Braille....................................................................................................................................... 16 7.1.3 Encoding .................................................................................................................................................... 16 7.1.4 Writing Braille ........................................................................................................................................... 16 7.1.5 Braille Music.............................................................................................................................................. 17 7.2 PROBLEMS WITH BRAILLE MUSIC ............................................................................................................... 20 7.2.1 Talking Music ............................................................................................................................................ 21 7.2.2 Large (Modified) Print Music .................................................................................................................... 23 8 CREATING TOOLS FOR ACCESSIBLE MUSIC EDUCATION .................................................................. 25 8.1 DISPLAY: ACCESSIBLE INTERFACES............................................................................................................ 25 8.2 CONTROL: CONTROLLING DEVICES............................................................................................................. 26 8.2.1 Refreshable Braille bars ............................................................................................................................. 26 8.2.2 Braille Note................................................................................................................................................ 27 8.2.3 Jaws and Screen readers............................................................................................................................. 27 8.2.4 OS native technologies............................................................................................................................... 27 8.3 CONTENT: ACCESSIBLE CONTENT CREATION.............................................................................................. 28 8.3.1 General Rules about creating accessible content creation.......................................................................... 28 8.4 TOOLS SPECIFIC TO ACCESSIBLE MUSIC ..................................................................................................... 30 8.4.1 Dancing Dots.............................................................................................................................................. 30 8.4.2 BME (Braille Music Editor)....................................................................................................................... 30 8.4.3 Accessible Music suite from DEDICON ................................................................................................... 31 8.4.4 Prima vista.................................................................................................................................................. 32 9 LEARNING, ELEARNING AND ACCESSIBILITY ........................................................................................ 33 9.1 CLASS ROOM LEARNING FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED ............................................................................... 33 9.2 INFORMAL LEARNING FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED................................................................................... 34 9.3 DISTANCE LEARNING FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED ................................................................................... 35 9.4 ADDITIONAL COMPLICATIONS FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED MUSICIAN ................................................... 35 9.5 SCORM AND ACCESSIBILITY ..................................................................................................................... 36 10 STANDARDS FOR ACCESSIBLE MUSIC EDUCATION.......................................................................... 37 I-MAESTRO project 2 www.i-maestro.org ver2.1, 2006-11-13 DE4.5.1– Accessibility aspects in Music Tuition 11 ACCESSIBLE MUSIC EDUCATION AND GESTURE INSTRUMENTS................................................. 39 11.1 MEDIATE PROJECT ...................................................................................................................................... 39 11.2 DRAKE PROJECT ......................................................................................................................................... 39 11.3 TENORI-ON ................................................................................................................................................. 40 12 OTHER INTERESTING PROJECTS AND INITIATIVES IN THE AREA.............................................. 41 12.1 WEDELMUSIC............................................................................................................................................... 41 12.2 PLAY 2......................................................................................................................................................... 41 12.3 INTERACTIVE MUSIC NETWORK .................................................................................................................... 41 12.4 EBRASS