NORTH-EAST NIGERIA Recovery and Volume III Peace Building Assessment State Reports THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA NORTH-EAST NIGERIA Recovery and Volume III Peace Building Assessment State Reports THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA **© 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank** Nigeria Country Office: 102 Yakubu Gowon Crescent, Asokoro, Abuja Federal Capital Territory, Federal Republic of Nigeria Telephone: +234 7035830641-4 Internet: http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nigeria World Bank Headquarters: 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433, USA Telephone: +1 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org European Union Delegation to Nigeria & ECOWAS 21st Crescent, Off Constitution Av., Central Business District, Garki, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Federal Republic of Nigeria Telephone: +234 94617800 Internet: www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/nigeria United Nations – Nigeria UN House, Plot 617/618 Diplomatic Drive, Central Business District, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Federal Republic of Nigeria Telephone: +2348111399927 Internet: www.ng.one.un.org or www.ng.undp.org This Recovery and Peace Building Assessment (RPBA) for North-East Nigeria is a col- laborative product by the Federal Government of the Republic of Nigeria and the State Governments of Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe. The assessment was prepared with support from the European Union (EU), the United Nations (UN) and the World Bank (WB). Acknowledging the different mandates of the institutions that supported the assessment (EU, UN and WB) and areas of expertise, the findings, conclusions and recommenda- tions expressed in the RPBA do not necessarily constitute the views or formal recom- mendations of the EU, UN or WB, nor do they reflect the views of the governing bodies of these institutions or their member states. It is also recognized that due to different mandates not all activities set forth or proposed in the report will be shared by or engaged in by the collaborating institutions, and it is further understood that each institution will carry out or be engaged with any such activities in accordance with its mandate, and operational policies and procedures. The EU, UN and WB do not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colours, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of these partners concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. **Rights and Permissions** The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because the authors encourage dis- semination of their knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for non-commercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Publishing and Knowledge Division, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC, 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: [email protected] Volume III State Reports Table of Contents VII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS VIII ACRONYMS 01 ADAMAWA 02 1.1 Overview 02 1.1.1 Key Facts 02 1.1.2 RPBA Background and Key Findings 02 1.1.3 Overview and Pre-crisis Conditions 02 1.1.4 Impact of the Crisis 03 1.2 Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 03 1.2.1 Needs for Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 04 1.3 Infrastructure and Social Services 04 1.3.1 Impacts and Damages Related to Infrastructure and Social Services 04 1.3.2 Infrastructure and Social Service Needs 05 1.4 Economic Impacts and Recovery Needs 05 1.4.1 Macroeconomic impacts 05 1.4.2 Needs for Economic Recovery and Employment 06 1.5 Detailed Sector Damages and Needs Tables for Adamawa State 06 1.5.1 Detailed Sector Damages for Adamawa State 07 1.5.2 Detailed Sector Needs for Adamawa State 09 BAUCHI 10 Overview 10 2.1.1 Key Facts 10 2.1.2 RPBA Background and Key Findings 10 2.1.3 Overview and Pre-crisis Conditions 10 2.1.4 Impact of the Crisis 11 2.2 Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 11 2.2.1 Needs for Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 12 2.3 Infrastructure and Social Services 12 2.3.1 Impacts and Damages Related to Infrastructure and Social Services 12 2.3.2 Infrastructure and Social Service Needs VOLUME III: STATE REPORTS RECOVERY AND PEACE BUILDING ASSESSMENT III 13 2.4 Economic Impacts and Recovery Needs 13 2.4.1 Macroeconomic Impacts 13 2.4.2 Needs for Economic Recovery and Employment 14 2.5 Detailed Sector Damages and Needs Tables for Bauchi State 14 2.5.1 Detailed Sector Damages for Bauchi State 14 2.5.2 Detailed Sector Needs for Bauchi State 16 BORNO 17 3.1 Overview 17 3.1.1 Key Facts 17 3.1.2 RPBA Background and Key Findings 17 3.1.3 Overview and Pre-crisis Conditions 17 3.1.4 Impact of the Crisis 18 3.2 Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 18 3.2.1 Needs for Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 19 3.3 Infrastructure and Social Services 19 3.3.1 Impacts and Damages Related to Infrastructure and Social Services 19 3.3.2 Infrastructure and Social Services Needs 20 3.4 Economic Impacts and Recovery Needs 20 3.4.1 Macroeconomic Impacts 20 3.4.2 Needs for Economic Recovery and Employment 21 3.5 Detailed Sector Damages and Needs Tables for Borno State 21 3.5.1 Detailed Sector Damages for Borno State 22 3.5.2 Detailed Sector Needs for Borno State 24 GOMBE 25 4.1 Overview 25 4.1.1 Key Facts 25 4.1.2 RPBA Background and Key Findings 25 4.1.3 Overview and Pre-crisis Conditions 25 4.1.4 Impact of the Crisis 26 4.2 Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 26 4.2.1 Needs for Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 27 4.3 Infrastructure and Social Services 27 4.3.1 Impacts and Damages Related to Infrastructure and Social Services 27 4.3.2 Infrastructure and Social Services Needs 28 4.4 Economic Impacts and Recovery Needs 28 4.4.1 Macroeconomic Impacts 28 4.4.2 Needs for Economic Recovery and Employment 29 4.5 Detailed Sector Damages and Needs Tables for Gombe State 29 4.5.1 Detailed Sector Damages for Gombe State 29 4.5.2 Detailed Sector Needs for Gombe State IV VOLUME III : STATE REPORTS RECOVERY AND PEACE BUILDING ASSESSMENT CHAPTER 01 : THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA 32 TARABA 33 5.1 Overview 33 5.1.1 Key Facts 33 5.1.2 RPBA Background and Key Findings 33 5.1.3 Overview of the State and Pre-crisis Conditions 33 5.1.4 Impact of the Crisis 34 5.2 Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 34 5.2.1 Needs for Peace Building, Stability, and Social Cohesion 35 5.3 Infrastructure and Social Services 35 5.3.1 Impacts and Damages Related to Infrastructure and Social Services 35 5.3.2 Infrastructure and Social Services Needs 36 5.4 Economic Impacts and Recovery Needs 36 5.4.1 Macroeconomic Impacts 36 5.4.2 Needs for Economic Recovery and Employment 37 5.5 Detailed Sector Damages and Needs Tables for Taraba State 37 5.5.1 Detailed Sector Damages for Taraba State 37 5.5.2 Detailed Sector Needs for Taraba State 40 YOBE 41 6.1 Overview 41 6.1.1 Key Facts 41 6.1.2 RPBA background and key findings 41 6.1.3 Overview and Pre-crisis Conditions 41 6.1.4 Impact of the Crisis 42 6.2 Peace Building, Stability and Social Cohesion 42 6.2.1 Needs for Peace Building, Stability and Social Cohesion 43 6.3 Infrastructure and Social Services 43 6.3.1 Impacts and Damages Related to Infrastructure and Social Services 43 6.3.2 Infrastructure and Social Service Needs 44 6.4 Economic Impacts and Recovery Needs 44 6.4.1 Macroeconomic Impacts 44 6.4.2 Needs for Economic Recovery and Employment 45 6.5 Detailed Sector Damages and Needs Tables for Yobe State 45 6.5.1 Detailed Sector Damages for Yobe State 46 6.5.2 Detailed Sector Needs for Yobe State 48 REFERENCES VOLUME III: STATE REPORTS RECOVERY AND PEACE BUILDING ASSESSMENT V List of Tables 02 Table 1 Adamawa at a glance 02 Table 2 Summary of needs across the three areas of intervention in Adamawa 03 Table 3 Estimated needs for peace building, stability and social cohesion in Adamawa 04 Table 4 Summary of damages to infrastructure and social services in Adamawa 04 Table 5 Infrastructure and social services: estimated needs by sector in Adamawa 05 Table 6 Estimated impacts on state output and prices 2011-2015 05 Table 7 Estimated needs for economic recovery 10 Table 8 Bauchi at a glance 10 Table 9 Summary of needs across the three areas of intervention in Bauchi 11 Table 10 Estimated needs for peace building, stability and social cohesion in Bauchi 12 Table 11 Summary of damages to infrastructure and social services in Bauchi 12 Table 12 Damages to infrastructure and social services: estimated needs by sector in Bauchi 13 Table 13 Estimated impacts on state output and prices 2011-2015 13 Table 14 Estimated needs for economic recovery 17 Table 15 Borno at a glance 17 Table 16 Summary of needs across the three areas of intervention in Borno 18 Table 17 Estimated needs for peace building, stability, and social cohesion in Borno 19 Table 18 Summary of damages to infrastructure and social services in Borno 19 Table 19 Estimated needs by sector, infrastructure and social services in Borno 20 Table 20 Estimated impacts on state output and prices 2011-2015 20 Table 21 Estimated impacts on state output and prices 2011-2015 25 Table 22 Gombe at a glance 25 Table 23 Summary of needs across the areas of intervention in Gombe 26 Table 24 Estimated needs by sector, infrastructure, and social services in Gombe 27 Table 25 Summary of damages to infrastructure and social services in Gombe 27 Table 26 Estimated needs by sector, infrastructure, and