مجلة ) - (Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه Volume 2 Issue 2 Article 1 2005 Effect of Different Arthropod Prey Species on the Biology of the Predatory Bug, Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner [Hemiptera: Miridae] عبد الجليل حمدان [email protected] ,جامعة الخليل Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.aaru.edu.jo/hujr_a Part of the Life Sciences Commons Recommended Citation ,Effect of Different Arthropod Prey Species on the Biology of the Predatory Bug" (حمدان, عبد الجليل (2005 Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner [Hemiptera: Miridae]," Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural .Vol. 2 : Iss. 2 , Article 1 :مجلة جامعة الخليل للبحوث- أ (العلوم الطبيعيه) - (Sciences Available at: https://digitalcommons.aaru.edu.jo/hujr_a/vol2/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Arab Journals Platform. 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H.U.R.J. is available online at Vol.(2), No.(2), pp.(48 – 64 ) 2006 http://www.hebron.edu/journal Effect of Different Arthropod Prey Species on the Biology of the Predatory Bug, Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner [Hemiptera: Miridae] *Abdul-Jalil Salem Hamdan Department of Plant Production and Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebron University, P.o.box (40) , Hebron - Palestine Abstract: Laboratory experiment were done to examine the effect of different arthropod prey on the biology of predatory bug, Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner at 25 oC, 75% r.h. and 16:8 L:D photoperiod. The food eaten by M. caliginosus clearly had a major impact on most parameters of its life cycle. When either greenhouse whiteflies, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood); eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, or potato peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer were offered as preys, during development M. caliginosus had high survival percentage (80%, 79% and 64% respectively) and developed more quickly with duration of development of (17.4, 15.6 and 15.7 days respectively) and were able to produce new generations. However, when greenhouse red spider mites, Metatetranycc chus urticae Koch or broad bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli were offered as preys, the predator had high mortality (67% and 50% respectively), longer development, and shorter adult longevity and produced no offspring. The results also showed that M. caliginosus could obtain some nutrients from plants, as 10% of M. caliginosus nymphs survived to the fourth instar when reared on clean leaves of Pelargonium peltatium, although they did not survive to the adult stage. Key words: Macrolophus caliginosus, Biological Control, & Predator Preys Relationship. * Corresponding author: [email protected] Published by Arab Journals Platform, 2005 1 Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (???? ????? ?????? ??????- ? (?????? ????????, Vol. 2 [2005], Iss. 2, Art. 1 Abdul-Jalil Hamdan, Effect of Different Arthropod... H.U.R.J., Vol.(2), No.(2): 48 –64 ,2006 49 تأثري نوع الفريسة من مفصليات اﻷرجل على بيولوجيا حشرة البق املفرتس Macrolophus caliginosus [Hemiptera: Miridae] امللخص: لدرا�صة ت أاثري نوع الفري�صة )من مف�صليات أالرجل( على بيولوجيا البق املفرت�س Macrolophus caliginosus مت تنفيذ جتارب خمربية حتت ظروف حمكمة ) 25oC ، رطوبة ن�صبية %75، فرتة اإ�صاءة L16 : D8(. أاظهرت نتائج الدرا�صة أان لنوع الفري�صة ت أاثري وا�صح على معظم اخلوا�س البيولوجية للبق املفرت�س. فعند تغذية البق املفرت�س على ذبابة البيوت البﻻ�صتيكية البي�صاء، Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood أاو من الدراق أالخ�رض Myzus persicae Sulzer أاو بي�س عثة الطحني Ephestia kuehniella Zeller لوحظ أان �رضعة تطور البق كانت عالية حيث أنا فرتة التطور كانت 15.7، 17.4، ً يوماعلى التوايل و أان ن�صبة عالية من البق و�صلت اإىل مرحلة الن�صج و أاجنبت ًجيﻻ ً. جديدا يف املقابل، لوحظ أنها عند تغذية البق املفرت�س على حلم البيوت البﻻ�صتيكية أالحمر Metatetranychus urticae Koch أاو على من الفول Aphis fabae Scopoli فاإن ن�صبة عالية من ح�رضات البق نفقت قبل و�صولها ملرحلة الن�صج، وان ن�صبة الوفيات اثناء التطور كانت %67، %50 على التوايل، يف حني كانت �رضعة تطور ح�رضات البق بطيئة، أاما ح�رضات البق التي متكنت من الو�صول ملرحلة الن�صج فلم تنجب ًجيﻻ ًجديدا. إبال�صافة اإىل ذلك، أاظهرت نتائج الدرا�صة انه عند تربية ح�رضات البق على أاوراق جريانيوم Pelargonium peltatium غري م�صابة فقد متكن %10 فقط من ح�رضات البق من التغذية على النباتات وو�صلت يف تطورها ملرحلة احلورية الرابعة ومل يتمكن أا ُي منها من الو�صول ملرحلة الن�صج. Introduction: Almost all whitefly predators are carnn davets, 1995). This polyphagy allows nivorous arthropods with a varied diet them to feed on many arthropods such including insects, mites and some can as mites, aphids, thrips or noctuid eggs, occasionally feed on vegetative matter. and thus survive when whitefly densin Hemipteras are the main predators of ties are low. the greenhouse whitefly (GHWF) and Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner is a have been studied mainly in Japan and polyphagous predator, which has been Europe, where the winters are too cold recorded feeding on whiteflies (T. vapoc for its free existence outdoors (Gerling, rariorum); aphids (M. persicae); thrips 1990). (different species) and mites (Metac Within the Hemiptera, several species tetranychus urticae) (Eremenko, 1984). feed on prey belonging to more than one In addition, Klapwijk (1995) reported arthropod family (Landis et al., 1958; M. caliginosus feeding on lepidopteran Ekbom, 1981; Kajita, 1982, 1984; Gern eggs and caterpillars, leafnminer larvae ling, 1990; Riudavets et al., 1993; Riun and thrips and, when large numbers of https://digitalcommons.aaru.edu.jo/hujr_a/vol2/iss2/1 2 ?????: Effect of Different Arthropod Prey Species on the Biology of the Abdul-Jalil Hamdan, Effect of Different Arthropod... H.U.R.J., Vol.(2), No.(2): 48 –64 ,2006 50 the bug were present in the crop, the aphid (PPA) different ages, on tobacco bug helped to control those pests. leafndiscs. Moreover, Malausa et al. (1987) and 5. Aphis fabae Scopoli, Black bean Foglar et al. (1990) concluded that M. aphid (BBA) different ages, on leaves caliginosus appears to be a particularn of broad bean. ly good polyphagous predator which 6. Control treatment with no prey but could be effectively used for biological clean leaves of Pelargonium peltatum control programmes. provided. A minimum of 20 replications of each Objective: treatment were initially used, each comprising one newly hatched nymph The objective of the present work was of M. caliginosus maintained on one of to examine the effect of different arn the 6 prey treatments. thropod prey species on the biology A record was kept of all life history pan and lifentable parameters of the predan rameters. Data for individuals which tory bug, M. caliginosus Wagner, under had been lost, accidentally killed or the laboratory conditions of 25oC, 75% which became stuck to the agar were r.h. and 16:8 L:D photoperiod. not included in the calculations. The M. caliginosus nymphs were reared individually in 5 cm diameter Materials and methods: Petrindishes. Each Petri dish had a 2 cm diameter hole in the middle of the lid, Laboratory experiments were conn which was covered by 50 mesh cloth ducted in Wye College at University of to provide ventilation. The predan London to study the effect of different tors were provided with 5 cm diam. arthropod prey species on the rate of den host plant leafndiscs heavily infested velopment, nymphal survival, fertility with assumed prey. Leafndiscs placed and lifentable parameters of the predan underside upwards on a 2 mm thick tory bug, M. caliginosus Wagner under agar media covered by a filter paper o laboratory conditions of 25 C, 75% r.h. to prevent the insects sticking to the and 16:8 L:D photoperiod. agar. The predators were transferred The experiment had 6 prey treatments to freshly prepared cages every day. as follows: To fix the relative humidity at 75% ± 1. Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westn 5%, 20 transparent plastic food boxes wood), Greenhouse whitefly (GHWF) (27 x 15 x 8.5 cm) were used. Each eggs supplied on tobacco leafndiscs. box included one cage from each prey 2. Metatetranychus urticae Koch, Green treatment in addition to two uncovered house red spider mites (GHRSM) of Petrindishes which contained saturated different ages, on bean leafndiscs. solution of NaCl. 3. Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, eggs supn Daily observations were made on the plied on Pelargonium peltatium leaves. frequency of moults and duration of surn 4. Myzus persicae Sulzer, Peach potato vival. Replicates in which the nymphs Published by Arab Journals Platform, 2005 3 Hebron University Research Journal-A (Natural Sciences) - (???? ????? ?????? ??????- ? (?????? ????????, Vol. 2 [2005], Iss. 2, Art. 1 Abdul-Jalil Hamdan, Effect of Different Arthropod... H.U.R.J., Vol.(2), No.(2): 48 –64 ,2006 51 stuck to the agar were excluded. Upon the standard conditions of 25oC, 75% moulting to adult, each M. caliginosus relative humidity (r.h.), and 16:8 L: was treated with CO2 so as they could D photoperiod. Daily observation for be weighed and measured and then hatching nymphs was done. All replin each female was caged with one male cations in which the adult female died and reared together in a 5 cm diam before ovipositing were excluded from petrindish cages which were changed the analysis. daily by freshly prepared cages through Data of agenspecific survival and agen adult longevity of the adult female. specific fertility of M. caliginosus The adult M. caliginosus individun which scored daily (Appendix 2) were als were transferred daily to freshly used to calculate life table parameters prepared cages and the assumed ovin using a simple program of QBASIC position leafndiscs were kept for the version (Jervis and Copland, 1996).