ISSN «970—3101 THE JOURNAL OF THE MUSIC ACADEMY DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC Vol. LVIII 1 9 8 7 k TOTfa tf$ R ^ I “ I dwell not in Vaikontha, nor in tbe hearts of Yogins nor in the Son : (bat) where my bhaktas sing, there be I, Narada ! ” Edited by T. S. PARTHASARATHY The Music Academy Madras 306, T. T. K. Road, Madras-600 014 Annual Subscription - Inland - Rs. 20: Foreign $ 3.00 OURSELVES *■ This Journal is published as an Annual. All correspondence relating to the Journal should be addressed and all books etc., intended for it should be sent to The Editor, Journal of the Music Academy, 306, Mowbray’s Road, Madras-600 014. Articles on music and dance are accepted for publication on the understanding that they are contributed solely to the Journal of the Music Academy. Manuscripts should be legibly written or, preferably, type­ written (double-spaced and on one side of the paper only) and should be signed by the writer (giving his or her address in full). The Editor of the Journal is not responsible for the views ex­ pressed by contributors in their articles. The publication o f this issue was partly financed by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, Mew Delhi. CONTENTS PAGE The 60th Madras Music Conference—Official Report 1 Proceedings of the Experts Committee ... 43 The Sadas ... 54 Katya Sastra tradition in Tamilakam during Chola rule ... 70 V. Sivasamy, Jaffna Music in the Natya Sastra ... 91 Bharat Gupt v Maharashtrian Musicians pf Karnatic Music .« 110 Courtesy. “ South Indian Maharashtrians ” (1937) Tiruvottriyur Tyagayyar ... 130 Gowri Kuppuswamy and M. Hariharan Activities and Values associated with the true bhakta in Tyagaraja's view .... 145 William J. Jackson Swara Decorations in Karnatic Music _ 154 T. S. Parthasarathy The first compositions o f the Music Trinity ... 160 Vidya Shankar Music in the Sama Veda ... 169 Brinda Varadarajan Some important landmarks in Karnatic Music (Tamil) 181 R. Vedavalli Book Reviews ... 191 Ambadi Venugopalan N. Ramanathan Bharat Gupt T. S. Parthasarathy THE 60th MADRAS MUSIC CONFERENCE OFFICIAL REPORT THE OPENING DAY 1 7 -1 2 -1 9 8 6 The 60th Annual Conference of the Music Academy, Madras was held at the T .T . Krishnamachari Auditorium, 306, T.T.K . Road from the 17th December 1986 to 1st January 1987. The Conference waslnaugurated by Sangita Kalanidhi Sem- mangudi Dr. R. Srinivasa Iyer. The inaugural function began with prayer by Smt. Malathr Janardhanan and Kumari R. Vasumathi. MESSAGES Sri C. V. Narasimhan, former Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations and Chairman of the Diamond Jubilee Celebrations Committee read messages received from Tamil Nadu Governor Sri S. L. Khurana and Karnataka Chief Minister Sri Ramakiishns Hegde. The following messages had also been received. 1 THE JOURNAL OF THE MADRAS MUSIC ACADEMY [Vol. LV III SHRI R. VENKATARAMAN Vice President o f India On the occasion of the 60th conference o f the Music Academy, Madras, I have great pleasure in extending to all those associated with it—artistes, rasikas and organisers—my warm felicitations. The Music Academy is more than a forum for the performing arts; it is a landmark on the map o f India's cultural personality. Its importance both as a measure and as an agent of quality in the classical arts has grown steadily over the last six decades? Vidwans have found corroborative acknowledgement from the Academy’s discriminating audiences, while talented aspirants have received encouragement The birudu and insignia of ‘Sangeetha Kalanidhi’ which the Academy confers is rightly regarded as a hallmark o f proven merit while the opportunity to perform on its boards is in itself deemed to be a valued recognition. A point of reference and a matrix of quality such as the Music Academy is can be most valuable for the preservation of standards and their transmission to deserving hands. May the Academy meet with continuing success, with the benediction of the great Musical Trinity and the distinguished {line of classical artistes who have inspired it. SHRI RAJIV GANDHI Prime Minister o f India Music is one of the most engrossing of pursuits. Music can sometimes urge people into nobler thought and action than the best stratagems. The richness of Indian classical music can weave ■a thread o f unity through the vivid diversity of our country. I send my good wishes to the Music Academy on the occasion -of its 60th Annual Conference. THE 60TH MADRAS MUSIC CONFERENCE 3> SHRI P. V. NARASIMHA RAO Minister of Human Resource Development, Government o f India I am very happy that Music Academy are celebrating their 60th Annual Conference. This undoubtedly is an event of great cultural significance in many ways. I am happy that the Academy are not only continuing their tradition of commitment to excellence in. Carnatic music but that they are also providing training to young, people endowed with musical talent. On this auspicious occasion 1 send my best wishes. , SHRI P. CHIDAMBARAM Minister o f State, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Government o f India. I am very happy to learn that the Music Academy will celebrate its 60th Annual Conference commencing from December 17, 1986. The occasion is a special milestone in the distinguished record o f the Music Academy. I extend my warm greetings on this auspicious occasion and wish the Conference all success. SMT. KRISHNA SAHI Minister o f State fo r Education and Culture, Government o f India I am very glad that the Music Academy is celebrating its 60th Annual Conference. This occasion should be hailed as an event of great musical significance particularly to the lovers o f Carnatic music. 1 am glad that the foundation of the Academy is hallowed by the name and association o f Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru who was a symbol of our cultural resurgence. I send my good wishes. 4 T h b jo u r n a l o f t h e m a d r a s m u s ic a c a d e m y [Vol. LVIII ST lb . (y>$e>«mu>&ifir, ptAfftisir® Q&GGTGnGsr iflm & 'i j/«/n_u9aScir ^jpiuflirai^i ^akr® QjSID&aSlftir W IT IB IT® IEL-&& {giK&ULJ'gl IBLDgl ^}«B)<f-X<X6B)») aijreoirjbj£t& Qpd&imniresrQ^irQ^ iSxffid&iuir^ib. ibld^ i Q ptraresiuuwresr {gjan&d&meoesHu *9 jp<ssr LDjrty Q<s /_/tlo«) eueirirdjp ujruiS &](§&i0 }eb Ltim&d j/«/ri_u9 *&jbjS <Aj(§ti> uriian<5 ereuqifih wjD&fieb ^tueoirgi. sesxso eSjbuarssrir <*snsrr Guirjbjfi uirjrrrLLiq. aejjre& uugi, Lffdtu sento&ir <sa»err n&&(§e8 u u gji - uebGeujpi euf/i&eroar Q&uhajgi GuirmjD ^isnjoseffieo lAm &d ^/eri^i/i w e p p irm u&Rffh-iiflih^j Ai0ai«9>^ isireir ib<sbt@ ^ijfiG&im. &i£ip&p$«sr gjjar>^<s<saD«o<s0 imL®iBesrjS Q^«BTmi^LLtsf.eir gjoD&d GeneodGs &_o>« {§}&»<? ^ j& ^ irx & r LD&jduSa) Ljay> L$d& @ji^pes>/su Qujbjpijs lAm & d *9/*iri— uB pasfiu qsffi Qujbjpi a&ariii&SjD&i. {gj&pen&tu 9qsib & jdulj i£ d ,s @}ib& <S69)eu rfi jpieuesnb fgjdsrgpith ueo 9 puLjd&eneir eri£if8 i—&jui <s«»6U 2_6U0 <s@ GwgpjLb Gingpiih t-i*y> G&ir&$i—&]Lb. G&enai ueoSu Q u(§& ajGiririsjp &iii&L-a]ih ct69t {gjesfluj meosmrtppgt&sesimp QpiflaSjS&d Q&irm&GjDOST. The President of the Academy, Sri T. T. Vasu, welcomed the •distinguished guests, members of the Academy and the public. In his address. Sri Vasu said : Sangita Kalanidhi Dr. Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, Sri K. R Sundaram Iyer, Vidwan K. V. Narayanaswamy, members of the Music Academy, distinguished invitees, Vidwans and Vidushis, iadies and gentlemen: On behalf of the Music Academy, I extend to all of you a hearty welcome to the inaugural function of the _ 60th Annual Conference of the Academy. We have on the stage this evening a -galaxy of eight past Presidents of the Cenference-Sangita Kalani- THE 60TH MADRAS MUSIC CONFERENCE 5 dhis - along with Sri K. R. Sundaram Iyer, the lone survivor •among the past Presidents of the Music Academy and one who Is associated with the Academy for over four continuous decades We are honoured by their presence and I offer them a warm welcome. Inaugurating the 25th Conference of the Music Academy in 1952, Sri Sri Prakasa, the then Governor of Tamil Nadu, observed: ''It is a matter of gratification and pride that in Madras when an institution starts, it also determines to stay. That your Academy has survived 25 years and that Conferences are conducted year after year under its Auspices, is a great tribute to your*fortitude as well as your capacity and J must congratulate you on your success. 35 years have rolled by and the Music Academy is today holding its 60th Conference to prove that it has come to stay and that it will stay on as long as the vitality of the Carnatic music tradition remains unimpaired. What changes have occurred during these sixty years! Th’e •classical age of Carnatic music which, supposedly the gblden light of the closing years of Veenai Dhanam, lingered on for many years of this period., The Carnatic music scene was domina­ ted by Tiger Varadachari, Maharajapuram Viswanatha Iyer, Chem- bai Vaidyanatha Bhagavathar, Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar, Harikesanallur Muthiah Bhagavathar, K. Ponniah Pillai, Vasudeve- char, Palladam Sanjiva Rao, Mangudi Chidambara Bhagavathar, Dwaram Venkatqswami, Sambasiva Iyer and others. Then came •Balasaraswati on the scene to become an institution. Semman- gudi and Musiri were emerging from that age to establish their authentic inheritance of the whole wealth of the masters.