LUXEMBOURG IN FIGURES – 2018 CONTENTS 2 TERRITORY & ENVIRONMENT 3 Territory & Climate 5 Environment & Energy 9 POPULATION & LABOUR MARKET 9 Population 13 Labour Market 15 SOCIAL CONDITIONS 15 Social life 17 Social security & Health 18 Accidents 19 Crime 19 Education 20 Politics 21 Culture & Travelling 23 ENTERPRISES 23 Demography & Structure 25 Agriculture, Forestry & Wine-growing 27 Industry & Construction 29 Tourism 30 Transport 32 Financial services 34 Sciences & Technology 35 ECONOMY & FINANCES 35 National accounts & Public finances 38 External trade 42 Prices & Inflation 45 International comparison TERRITORY & ENVIRONMENT The 12 cantons of Luxembourg Clervaux Germany Wiltz Vianden Diekirch Redange Echternach Mersch Grevenmacher Belgium Capellen Luxembourg Remich Esch-sur-Alzette France 2 Territory Geographical survey Total area of the Grand Duchy 2,586 km2 100% Area of the two natural regions in the north: Éislek (Oesling) 828 km2 32% in the south: Guttland (Good country) 1,758 km2 68% Dimensions North-South East-West Maximum 82 km 57 km Length of the border Total length 356 km with France 73 km with Germany 135 km with Belgium 148 km Altitudes Maximum (Wilwerdange) 560 m Minimum (Wasserbillig) 130 m Luxembourg-City 300 m Land use in 2017 Road-net, railway network, etc. Watercourses and waterbody 4.5% 0.6% Agricultural and wooded area 85.1% Built-up area 9.8% 3 Climate Luxembourg-City January April July October 12 months Average 1981-2010 Temperature (in °C) Average 1.4 8.9 18.6 9.7 9.6 Maximum 11.3 22.9 32.7 21.7 21.9 Minimum -10.1 -3.0 6.8 -1.4 -2.0 Relative humidity (in %) 86.9 71.7 71.0 85.0 79.1 Hours of sunshine 45.7 166.9 229.8 100.2 1,568.1 Rainfalls and temperatures in Luxembourg-City Temperature in °C Rainfall in mm 20 180 160 15 140 120 10 100 80 5 60 0 40 20 -5 0 April July May June March January August February October December November September Rainfall (1981-2010) Rainfall in 2017 Temperature (1981-2010) Temperature in 2017 4 Environment Air pollution EU Norm 2010 2016 2017 µg/m³ Protection of the human health Highest recorded value 1 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 40 59 45 45 Nitrogen oxides 301 21 20 16 (NOx=NO+NO2, in rural area) 1 Particulate matter (PM10, <10 µm) 40 25 21 24 2,3 2,4 Ozone (O3) 180 / 240 202 188 245 Carbon monoxide (CO) 10,0005 1,020 1,820 1,140 1 annual average 2 hourly average 3 information threshold for the population (1 hour) 4 alert threshold (3 consecutive hours) 5 average over 8 hours Status of water bodies in 2015 Ecological status 3% 66% 23% 8% Chemical status (not good) 100% Hydromorphological status 2% 31% 67% good moderate poor bad 5 Woodland cover < 10 % 10-19 % 20-29 % 30-39 % 40-49 % ≥ 50 % Forest 2000 2010 2000 2010 in hectares in % Wooded land 91,450 91,400 100.0 100.0 Public forest 40,950 42,000 44.8 46.0 Private forest 50,500 49,400 55.2 54.0 6 State of health of the forest Trees considerably damaged Trees slightly damaged Trees with no damage 2000 2000 2000 23.4% 33.0% 43.6% 2016 2016 2016 38.3% 33.1% 28.6% Wastes collected and treated 2000 2010 2015 2016 in 1,000 tonnes Total (without inert wastes) 285.26 344.26 345.95 354.62 of which: Household wastes 238.85 300.01 305.59 310.89 in % recycling 21.6 26.9 29.2 27.8 composting 14.2 19.5 18.3 20.7 incineration with energy recovery 43.2 37.7 45.1 45.3 disposal 21.0 15.8 7.4 6.3 in kg Household wastes per capita 547 592 536 533 7 Energy Final consumption of energy 2010 2015 2016 2016 in 1,000 tons oil equivalent in % of the total By product Coal products 67 49 52 1.3 Natural gas (NCV) 675 597 628 15.5 Electricity 567 535 547 13.5 Heat 73 56 58 1.4 Oil products 2,838 2,601 2,595 64.2 Other (wood, biofuel) 108 151 160 4.0 By use Transport 2,628 2,432 2,436 60.3 Industries 756 639 674 16.7 Households 511 510 494 12.2 Services 423 403 432 10.7 Agriculture 8 6 6 0.2 Total 4,327 3,990 4,042 100.0 8 POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT Population structure Population censuses 1991 2001 2011 20181 x 1,000 Total population 384.4 439.5 512.4 602.0 of which: Women 196.1 223.0 257.4 299.4 Luxembourgers 271.4 277.2 291.9 313.8 Foreigners 113.0 162.3 220.5 288.2 of which: Portuguese 39.1 58.7 82.4 96.5 French 13.0 20.0 31.5 45.8 Italians 19.5 19.0 18.1 22.0 Belgians 10.1 14.8 16.9 20.2 Germans 8.8 10.1 12.0 13.1 Other EU countries 13.3 17.2 30.9 46.7 Other 9.2 22.5 28.7 43.8 Foreigners in % 29.4 36.9 43.0 47.9 1 based on the population register on 1st January Evolution of total, luxembourgish and foreign population in 1,000 inhabitants 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 Totale population Luxembourgers Foreigners 9 Total population by age group on January 1st, 2018 Men Women +90 85-89 80-84 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 in % of total population Life expectancy 1990/92 2000/02 2010/12 2015/17 Age Males 72.6 74.8 78.6 79.9 Females 79.1 81.0 83.4 84.4 Population by age groups 1991 2001 2011 20181 in % Working age (15 to 64 years) 68.4 67.2 68.7 69.5 of which: Women (15 to 64 years) 33.7 33.2 33.8 34.0 Children (0 to 14 years) 17.3 18.9 17.3 16.1 of which: Girls (0 to 14 years) 8.4 9.2 8.4 7.8 Third age (65 years and more) 14.3 13.9 14.0 14.3 of which: Women (65 years and more) 8.2 8.3 8.0 7.9 1 based on the population register on 1st January 10 Population movement 2000 2010 2016 2017 Live births 5,723 5,874 6,050 6,174 of which: Girls 2,745 2,914 2,973 3,003 Luxembourgers 2,917 3,029 3,123 3,277 Foreigners 2,806 2,845 2,927 2,897 Births per 1,000 inhabitants 13.1 11.6 10.4 10.3 Luxembourgers 10.6 10.5 10.1 10.4 Foreigners 17.3 13.0 10.6 10.1 Total fertility rate 1.78 1.63 1.40 1.39 Deaths 3,749 3,760 3,967 4,263 of which: Women 1,859 1,857 1,927 2,132 Luxembourgers 3,202 3,049 3,070 3,284 Foreigners 547 711 897 979 Deaths by some main causes Diseases of the circulatory system 1,442 1,256 1,264 … Neoplasms 991 1,061 1,121 … Suicides 66 74 61 … Deaths < 1 year 29 20 23 20 Rates per 1,000 live births 5.1 3.4 3.8 3.2 Natural increase 1,969 2,114 2,083 1,911 Luxembourgers -290 -20 53 -7 Foreigners 2,259 2,134 2,030 1,918 Marriages 2,148 1,749 1,884 1,908 of which: Same sex marriages - - 65 42 Divorces 1,030 1,083 1,241 1,192 Naturalisations 684 4,311 7,140 9,030 Births Number of children Deaths in 2017 per woman in 2017 in 2017 6 174 1.4 4 263 Mean age at birth of first child in 2017 30.6 11 The most populated municipalities 1991 2001 2011 20181 x 1,000 Luxembourg-City 75.8 76.7 95.1 116.3 Esch-sur-Alzette 24.0 27.2 30.1 35.0 Differdange 15.7 18.2 21.9 26.2 Dudelange 14.7 17.3 18.8 20.9 Pétange 12.4 13.7 16.1 18.7 Sanem 11.6 13.0 14.5 16.8 Hesperange 9.9 10.4 13.3 15.2 Bettembourg 8.0 9.1 9.8 11.0 Schifflange 6.9 7.8 8.9 10.8 Käerjeng 6.7 8.7 9.7 10.3 1 based on the population register on 1st January Households, buildings 1970 1991 2011 2017 x 1,000 Private households 108.7 144.7 208.6 246.8 of which: Foreign households 17.7 39.9 88.9 ... Inhabited buildings1 80.9 105.8 130.1 142.8 1 in 2017, estimate of the number of buildings (inhabited or not) on March 1st Asylum seekers 2000 2010 2016 2017 Arrivals 627 796 2,035 2,322 of which: Syrians 2 10 289 368 Eritreans - 11 106 224 Moroccans - 4 75 205 Serbians - 149 153 190 Algerians 9 44 75 169 Returns … 202 502 411 of which: Forced … 103 70 94 12 Labour Market Employment and unemployment 2000 2010 2016 2017 x 1,000 (annual average) 1.