Australian Braille Authority Rules and Guidelines for Formatting Braille 2016 Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities Inc. ABA Guidelines for Formatting Australian Braille Authority Rules and Guidelines for Formatting Braille Copyright © 2016 Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- nd/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California 94105, USA. Published by Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities Inc. (Australia) Email: [email protected] Web address: www.printdisability.org National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Australian Braille Authority Rules and Guidelines for Formatting of Braille Material: Fourth Edition 2016 / Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities. ISBN: 978-0-9807064-8-2 Subjects: Braille--Handbooks, manuals, etc. Braille--Australia--Standardization Blind--Printing and writing systems--Handbooks, manuals, etc. Dewey Number: ii ABA Guidelines for Formatting About this document This document is published by the Round Table on Information Access for People with Print Disabilities Inc. (Round Table). The Round Table is a standards setting body in Australia and New Zealand, acting as an umbrella organisation for producers, distributors and consumers of information in accessible formats. Its members include blindness agencies, educational institutions, government departments, equipment suppliers and consumer organisations. The Australian Braille Authority (ABA) is a subcommittee of the Round Table. ABA oversees the development and maintenance of braille codes and specifications used in Australia; acts as a braille accreditation body; and promotes braille as the primary literacy medium for people who are blind, deafblind or have a severe vision impairment. This document should be considered the primary reference for braille formatting in Australia. Acknowledgements and thanks This document was compiled and edited by Leona Holloway (Monash University and Vision Australia) with working party members Shirley Henderson - School of Special Education Needs: Sensory, Department of Education Western Australia; Josie Howse - New South Wales Department of Education; Kathy Riessen - South Australian School for Vision Impaired; Christine Simpson - Information Alternatives; the late Linda Triasmono – Queensland Braille Forum; and Colleen Flood - Vision Australia. We thank our employer organisations and the Round Table for their encouragement and support. iii ABA Guidelines for Formatting Contents About this document ....................................................................................... iii Acknowledgements and thanks ................................................................... iii Contents ......................................................................................................... iv Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1 Principles of braille formatting ...................................................................... 1 Rules versus guidelines ............................................................................... 1 Understanding the presentation of this document ........................................ 2 Unified English Braille .................................................................................. 2 Duxbury braille translation software ............................................................. 2 Resources .................................................................................................... 3 Getting started .............................................................................................. 4 1 Navigation ..................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Navigation line ........................................................................................ 5 1.2 Running title ........................................................................................... 6 1.3 Braille page number ............................................................................... 9 1.4 Print page reference ............................................................................. 11 1.5 Print page turnover ............................................................................... 13 1.6 Footer ................................................................................................... 16 2 Text formatting ............................................................................................ 18 2.1 Line spacing ......................................................................................... 18 2.2 Chapters ............................................................................................... 18 2.3 Headings .............................................................................................. 20 2.4 Paragraphs ........................................................................................... 25 2.5 Right-aligned text ................................................................................. 25 2.6 Centred text .......................................................................................... 27 2.7 Indented text ......................................................................................... 28 2.8 Lists ...................................................................................................... 30 List formatting methods .......................................................................... 32 Attention marks and counters ................................................................. 36 iv ABA Guidelines for Formatting 2.9 Poetry ................................................................................................... 38 Shaped poems ........................................................................................ 43 Annotation............................................................................................... 45 2.10 Drama ................................................................................................ 47 Acts and scenes ..................................................................................... 47 Dialogue ................................................................................................. 49 Stage directions ...................................................................................... 51 Simultaneous speech ............................................................................. 53 Line numbers .......................................................................................... 56 Drama/play notes .................................................................................... 57 2.11 Footnotes and endnotes ..................................................................... 58 Print reference marks ............................................................................. 58 Placement of notes in the braille ............................................................. 59 Footnote and endnote text ...................................................................... 62 2.12 Margin notes ....................................................................................... 63 2.13 Blank lines .......................................................................................... 65 2.14 Hyphenation ....................................................................................... 68 2.15 Hyperlinks ........................................................................................... 70 2.16 Transcriber notes ............................................................................... 72 2.17 Captions ............................................................................................. 73 3 Graphic elements ........................................................................................ 78 3.1 Annotated text ...................................................................................... 78 3.2 Blank spaces for responses ................................................................. 85 3.3 Breaks in text ........................................................................................ 88 3.4 Boxed material ..................................................................................... 89 Box types ................................................................................................ 89 Using boxes ............................................................................................ 94 3.5 Diagrams .............................................................................................. 97 3.6 Examination and test materials ............................................................ 99 3.7 Facing pages ........................................................................................ 99 v ABA Guidelines for Formatting 3.8 Keys ................................................................................................... 101 3.9 Puzzles ............................................................................................... 107 3.10 Tables .............................................................................................. 111 Tabular/columnar