http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html We ship printed books within 1 business day; personal PDFs are available immediately. Biographical Memoirs V.44 Office of the Home Secretary, National Academy of Sciences ISBN: 0-309-53997-8, 404 pages, 6 x 9, (1974) This PDF is available from the National Academies Press at: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html Visit the National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books from the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council: • Download hundreds of free books in PDF • Read thousands of books online for free • Explore our innovative research tools – try the “Research Dashboard” now! • Sign up to be notified when new books are published • Purchase printed books and selected PDF files Thank you for downloading this PDF. If you have comments, questions or just want more information about the books published by the National Academies Press, you may contact our customer service department toll- free at 888-624-8373, visit us online, or send an email to [email protected]. This book plus thousands more are available at http://www.nap.edu. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF File are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Distribution, posting, or copying is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. Request reprint permission for this book. i e h t be ion. om r ibut f r t cannot r at not o f Biographical Memoirs however, version ng, i t NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES paper book, at ive at rm o riginal horit ic f o e h t he aut t om r as ing-specif t ion ed f peset y http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html Biographical MemoirsV.44 publicat her t iles creat is h t L f M of and ot X om yles, r f st version print posed e h heading Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. recom use t breaks, ease l been P word has ed. hs, insert ally line lengt original work e h t he original; ion of t at o ue t r have been accident y t a represent m are l a errors age breaks P is new digit h pographic y iles. T t f e ile: ng i f t F D P peset and som is y h t ined, a bout A ret original t ii riginal paper book, not from the the authoritative version for attribution. ing-specific formatting, however, cannot be http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html Biographical MemoirsV.44 Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. About PDFthis file: This new digital representation of original workthe has been recomposed XMLfrom files created from o the original typesetting files. breaks Page are true the line lengths, word to original; breaks, heading styles, and other typesett aspublication this inserted.Please versionoftypographicerrors have been accidentallyretained, and some print use the may iii e h t be ion. om r ibut f r t NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES cannot r at not o OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA f however, version ng, i t paper book, at ive Biographical Memoirs at rm o riginal horit ic f o e h Volume XLIV t he aut t om r as ing-specif t ion ed f peset y http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html Biographical MemoirsV.44 publicat her t iles creat is h t L f M of and ot X om yles, r f st version print posed e h heading Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. recom use t breaks, ease l been P word has ed. hs, insert ally line lengt original work e h t he original; ion of t at o ue t r have been accident y t a represent m are l a errors age breaks P is new digit h pographic y iles. T t f e ile: ng i f t F D P peset and som is y h t NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ined, a bout WASHINGTON, D.C. 1974 A ret original t iv e h t be ion. om r INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER 0-309-02238-X ibut f r t cannot r at not o LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 74-7654 f however, Available from PRINTING AND PUBLISHING OFFICE, NATIONAL version ng, i t ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 2101 CONSTITUTION AVENUE, N.W., WASH- paper book, at ive INGTON, D.C. 20418 at rm o riginal horit ic f PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA o e h t he aut t om r as ing-specif t ion ed f peset y http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html Biographical MemoirsV.44 publicat her t iles creat is h t L f M of and ot X om yles, r f st version print posed e h heading Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. recom use t breaks, ease l been P word has ed. hs, insert ally line lengt original work e h t he original; ion of t at o ue t r have been accident y t a represent m are l a errors age breaks P is new digit h pographic y iles. T t f e ile: ng i f t F D P peset and som is y h t ined, a bout A ret original t Biographical Memoirs V.44 http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html CONTENTS v Contents riginal paper book, not from the the authoritative version for attribution. Preface vii ing-specific formatting, however, cannot be Charles Haskell Danforth 1 By Benjamin H. Willier Thomas Francis, Jr. 57 By John R. Paul Donnel Foster Hewett 111 By James Gilluly William Vermillion Houston 127 By Kenneth S. Pitzer and Harold E. Rorschach, Jr. Howard Bishop Lewis 139 By William C. Rose and Minor J. Coon Robert Harry Lowie 175 By Julian H. Steward Winthrop John Vanleuven Osterhout 213 By L. R. Blinks About PDFthis file: This new digital representation of original workthe has been recomposed XMLfrom files created from o the original typesetting files. breaks Page are true the line lengths, word to original; breaks, heading styles, and other typesett aspublication this inserted.Please versionoftypographicerrors have been accidentallyretained, and some print use the may Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Biographical Memoirs V.44 http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html CONTENTS vi Theodore William Richards 251 By James Bryant Conant Rudolf Ruedemann 287 By John Rodgers Edward Arthur Steinhaus 303 riginal paper book, not from the By E. F. Knipling the authoritative version for attribution. Chester Hamlin Werkman 329 ing-specific formatting, however, cannot be By Russell W. Brown About PDFthis file: This new digital representation of original workthe has been recomposed XMLfrom files created from o the original typesetting files. breaks Page are true the line lengths, word to original; breaks, heading styles, and other typesett aspublication this inserted.Please versionoftypographicerrors have been accidentallyretained, and some print use the may Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Biographical Memoirs V.44 http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html PREFACE vii Preface riginal paper book, not from the The Biographical Memoirs is a series of volumes containing the the authoritative version for attribution. biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Sciences and ing-specific formatting, however, cannot be bibliographies of their published scientific works. Each biographical essay has been written by a fellow member of the Academy familiar with the professional career of the deceased, with only occasional exceptions. These volumes, therefore, provide a record of the lives and work of some of the most distinguished leaders of American science as witnessed and interpreted by their colleagues and peers. The National Academy of Sciences is a private, honorary organization of scientists and engineers elected on the basis of outstanding contributions to knowledge. Established by a Congressional Act of Incorporation on March 3, 1863, and supported by private and public funds, the Academy works to further science and its use for the general welfare by bringing together the most qualified individuals to deal with scientific and technological problems of broad significance. About PDFthis file: This new digital representation of original workthe has been recomposed XMLfrom files created from o the original typesetting files. breaks Page are true the line lengths, word to original; breaks, heading styles, and other typesett aspublication this inserted.Please versionoftypographicerrors have been accidentallyretained, and some print use the may Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. PREFACE viii riginal paper book, not from the the authoritative version for attribution. ing-specific formatting, however, cannot be http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html Biographical MemoirsV.44 Copyright © National Academy ofSciences. Allrights reserved. About PDFthis file: This new digital representation of original workthe has been recomposed XMLfrom files created from o the original typesetting files. breaks Page are true the line lengths, word to original; breaks, heading styles, and other typesett aspublication this inserted.Please versionoftypographicerrors have been accidentallyretained, and some print use the may ix e h t be ion. om r ibut f r t cannot r at not o f however, version ng, i t paper book, at ive Biographical Memoirs at rm o riginal horit ic f o e h Volume XLIV t he aut t om r as ing-specif t ion ed f peset y http://www.nap.edu/catalog/567.html Biographical MemoirsV.44 publicat her t iles creat is h t L f M of and ot X om yles, r f st version print posed e h heading Copyright © National Academy ofSciences.