Te Stry of Krishna and Sudama H.H. Sri Swami Jyotrmayananda !2 Eight Offerings of Divine Flower (Ashta Bhaava-Pushpa) अिहं सा पथमां पुषं िदतीयं इिनय-िनगहाह: । सवरपुषं दयभूते पुषं शांित: िविशषते ।। शमा: पुषं तप: पुषम् धाणाम् पुषम् च सपमाम् । सतम् चैवाषमं पुषम् एतै: तुषित केशव: ।। एतैरेवाषिभ: पुषै: तुषित एवािचर तो हरी: । पुषानरािण सनात बाहानी मनुजोतम ।। Ahimsaa prathamam Pushpam Dwiteeyam Indriya-Nigrahah. Sarva-Pushpam Dayaa bhoote Pushpam Shantih Vishishyate. Shamah Pushpam Tapah Pushpam Dhyaanam Pushpam cha Saptamam. Satyam chaivaashtam Pushpam Etaih Tushyati Keshavah. Etair-Eva-ashtaabhih Pushpaih Tushyati Eva-archito Harih. Pushpa-antaraani santyatra bahyaani manujottamam. Ahimsa (non-violence) is the first flower. Indriya- Nigraha, or, Control of the senses is the second flower. Daya or Compassion towards all beings is the third flower. Shaanti, or Peace loving state of the mind, is the fourth flower. Shama, or, Serenity is the fifth; Tapa, or, Austerity is the sixth; Dhyana or Meditation is the seventh; and, Satyam, or, Truthfulness is the eighth flower. Lord Krishna is pleased with the offerings of these flowers. Lord Hari is indeed pleased with these Divine flowers (from the Garden of the Heart). Offerings of external flowers are also important; they are meant to lead you to these Divine Offerings (Agni Puran). !3 !4 The Story of Krishna and Sudama When Sri Krishna was a young student in the gurukula (ashram forest school) of Sage Sandipani, he had a friend whose name was Sudama. After the passage of years, Krishna had become the emperor of emperors in Dwaraka, yet Sudama had remained an extremely poor brahmin, struggling along with his virtuous wife for the basic necessities of life. Despite all their sincere efforts and honest dealings, despite all their knowledge of the sacred scriptures and skill in the priesthood, they could not gather sufficient means to meet the barest demands of their life. One day, Sudama’s wife recalled how her husband had again and again described the close friendship he had shared with Krishna as a boy. Thus, she asked Sudama to visit Krishna, who would surely remember him and compassionately give him aid to relieve their abject poverty. Sudama was reluctant to go to Dwarka; however, when his wife urged him again and again, Sudama agreed – if only to behold the Lord in His glory. “Is there any little thing that I can bring to Krishna as a present?” Sudama asked his wife. In response she obtained some handfuls of rice by begging; and made a preparation of fried, flattened rice (Chiwda), which she then packed in a little, raggedy cloth. Sudama, barefoot !5 !6 and wearing only his tattered clothes, took the package lovingly in his hands and set out to visit Krishna. It took Sudama a long time to reach Dwaraka. Finally, however, he found his way to Krishna’s palace. Seeing Sudama from afar, Krishna sprang up from his couch and embraced his old friend joyfully, with tears filling his eyes. Krishna then bathed Sudama’s feet and anointed him with sandal paste. Krishna’s queen, Rukmini, then fanned Sudama as he and Krishna recalled, with delight, their childhood experiences under the guidance of their Guru. In particular, Krishna reminded Sudama about a particular incident in which they had gone to the forest to get firewood for their Guru. Suddenly, they found themselves caught in a terrible winter storm with fierce winds and torrential rains. Holding hands, they wandered in all directions, finally finding shelter in the hollow of a huge banyan tree. It was not until the morning that they were found by Sage Sandipani, who rescued them and bestowed his blessings upon them. There is an interesting legend about that adventure: Krishna and Sudama shared that stormy night at the gurukula. According to that legend, when the two shivering boys found shelter in the banyan tree, Sudama !7 !8 felt terribly hungry. He then slyly moved away from Krishna and began nibbling on some parched rice that he had been keeping in his pockets. Hearing the sound of Sudama’s teeth crunching the rice, Krishna eagerly asked, “O Sudama, what are you eating? Can I have a little of it?” Overcome by boyish ignorance, Sudama did not really want to share his food with Krishna. To hide his selfishness, Sudama murmured slowly, “O Krishna, I am not eating anything. Rather, the cold has penetrated my body and made my teeth shiver out of control.” Of course, Krishna knew that His friend was hiding something from Him, but did not want to embarrass him by saying anything further. Now, many years later in Dwaraka, when Krishna was the royal monarch and Sudama had come from poverty to behold him, Krishna recalled that episode from their childhood. With the recollection, Krishna suddenly looked at Sudama with twinkling eyes and asked, “What present have you brought me from home, dear friend?” Too ashamed to bring forth that humble bag of parched rice, Sudama merely sat with his head bowed. !9 !10 Without hesitating, Krishna then snatched from Sudama’s hiding place in his clothing the little bag of rice and exclaimed, “Ah, this is what I have always loved more than anything.” Krishna then quickly ate up a handful with the greatest delight. After his warm welcome by Krishna, Sudama remained at the royal palace for a few days, enjoying all the tender care and attention, and then he departed. He was so overwhelmed by all the love that had been showered upon him that he did not wish to ask Krishna for anything more for himself or his wife. Just having had the darshan of Krishna was worth more than anything in this world. But when Sudama returned home, he found that his entire village had become completely transformed. Wonderful roads and multicolored gardens abounded where once there had been abject poverty. His own home was now a magnificent palace and his wife appeared before him adorned like a queen. !11 !12 Sri Krishna, the Knower of all hearts, had known all along that Sudama had come to Dwaraka at his wife’s request to ask for assistance. Thus, Krishna had arranged this transformation of Sudama’s village in a very short time, without ever hinting to his friend that such unimaginable abundance would be waiting for him at home. From then on, Sudama and his wife lived a life of great prosperity with increasing surrender and devotion to God until they attained Enlightenment. mmm !13 Mystic Meaning This is the story of the soul (Sudama) in its process of realizing its Divine Friend, the Supreme Self (Krishna). The fried rice Sudama declines to share with Krishna represents the inability to give up worldly desires. Led by Karmas, the Jiva, or individual soul, must confront the torrential rains of the world-process. Due to ignorance, one cannot surrender to the Divine Being, his own inner Reality abiding in his very heart. Due to ignorance, he refrains from sharing with the Diving Being—that is, he lacks the understanding that “it is God who works through me in all that I accomplish; I am only an instrument in his Divine Hands.” This lack of understanding that allows importance to the ego causes the soul to experience poverty, to become like that ragged Sudama with tattered clothes, begging for some happiness in the realm of the body, mind, and senses. But, there comes a time in the course of one’s evolution where you begin to “share” with God with profound devotion and ego begins to fade. Purified intellect, or buddhi – the wife of Sudama—sends out a clarion call to the soul that God is ever present and ready to support you. However, you must journey through the process of sadhana (spiritual discipline) to reach the palace within your heart where the Divine Presence ever abides. !14 The moment you listen to that voice of reason, you realize that there was no reason to be miserable or poor when you had a vast treasure hidden right within your room—a secret door with a view to Eternity! At first, treading the spiritual path seems difficult, fraught with painful discipline and struggle. However, once you experience the awakening of Divine Love and the door opens through meditation and samadhi (super- consciousness, the culmination of meditation), you realize that being in communion with God is the simplest state of existence. During the state of samadhi, an aspirant finds himself in the presence of Divine grandeur, where the burden of misery is lifted and one is united with his eternal friend, the Divine Self. Krishna’s eager welcoming of Sudama is indicative of how Divine Love flows towards the aspirant who has sincerely opened his heart. If you come to meet God in a spirit of surrender, God runs to you. He puts down his crown of eternity and his yellow garment of infinity – all the divine attributes which transcend human mind. From that transcendental realm, he comes to the devotee and showers his blessings upon him. The gift of parched rice was accepted by the Lord, even forcibly as it were. Any offering given with profound devotion, no matter how little, is delightful to God. Further, Krishna’s eager consumption of the food is !15 symbolic of how quickly all Karmas or impressions of selfish actions are destroyed by the Knowledge of the Self that arises in samadhi. When Sudama left Krishna, he felt no desire to ask his Divine Friend for material assistance.