Update: February 5, 2013. INFORMATION This booklet of the familly history and genealogy of the DeSutter family is compiled for my friends in Manito-IL. Research of the family started in 1996 after a visit to Clarence L. Palmer in Manito-IL who was married to Betty Lou DeSutter and remarried as widower to my ex sister in law Ardith L.Smit. They introduced me, at the DeSutter family reunion, to their DeSutter relatives and they told me that they were all of Dutch origin. Clarence grandfather was born in Isendieka -IJzendijke- Netherlands. It was Engle Bert Palmer (van Pamelen) who brought the first of the DeSutter's to Manito-IL, namely his spouse Nathalia de Zutter in 1885. The DeSutter families in the Manito-area are descendants from Belgian ancestors, but the ones who came to America lived in Aardenburg. Those DeSutter's took an active part in the growth and development of the Village of Manito-Illinois, USA. Aardenburg is a small city close to the Dutch border with Belgium. It is part of the Sluis Municipality, located in the province of Zeeland in the Netherlands. Its medieval name was Rodenburgh (Red Castle). Until July 1,1966, Aardenburg was a separate municipality. The town was walled at the end of the thirteenth century: the present Kaaipoort at the old town's western entrance dates only from the sixteenth century. The name of the gate recalls Aardenburg's former harbour, the site of which is now dominated by a bank. Augustus de Zutter lived at the address 'Oudestad S220', later at S385 from where he emigrate to Manito-IL. I started my research in the archives of the City Council of Oostburg in 1996. In 1997 Clarence came over to the Netherlands and touring in Zeeland we found a de Sutter desent, Herman de Sutter, who's sister was married to Fons De Milliano. This Herman de Sutter is a descent of DeSutter from Lembeke-Belgium and not related. Descents of the Lembeke de Sutter's are immigrants in Ghent, Atkinson and Geneseo, Illinois. The book "It's good to remember", Volume-I, of the 'Manito Historical Society' is a book with family stories written by desendants up to the year 1989. Volume-II is issued in 2010. In Volume-I are complete stories of the Palmer's and the DeSutter's which I used to complete the genealogy of both families, compiled with Dutch information which I found in several archives. With help of Marilyn Huffman-Palmer from Scapoosse-OR I was able to find American files, like ship manifests and federal census's. The United States Federal Census gave a lot of information of the DeSutter families in the USA. Also source citations, such as marriage and death indexes, civilian draft registrations and naturalisation records, Civil Registration Netherlands and Belgium and many websites of digitilised records were searched for over 15 years to make this booklet as it is today. I took the opportunity to dig up the past, to ensure your children know their ancestors. With thanks to all persons whom were involved. -LS- CIVIL REGISTRATION The United States Census is a decennial census mandated by the United States Constitution. The population is enumerated every 10 years and the results are used to allocate Congressional seats, congressional apportionment, electoral votes, and government program funding. Decennial U.S. Census figures are based on actual counts of persons dwelling in U.S. residential structures. They include citizens, non-citizen legal residents, non-citizen long-term visitors and illegal immigrants. The Census Bureau bases its decision about whom to count on the concept of usual residence. Usual residence, a principle established by the Census Act of 1790, is defined as the place a person lives and sleeps most of the time. For the first six censuses (1790–1840), enumerators recorded only the names of the heads of household and a general demographic accounting of the remaining members of the household. Beginning in 1850, all members of the household were named on the census. The census enumerators were typically from the village or neighborhood and often knew the residents. The first cencus was taken on August 2,1790. In Europe, Napoleon, as the emperor of France, maybe, heard of this actual counts of inhabitants and launched his plan in 1796. Registration of baptising, marriages and funerals in Belgium and Zeeland before 1796, was done by Roman Catholic priests and written in Latin. After the annexation of the Southern Netherlands -Zeeland-, by the France Empire, the french law including the ‘Code Civil’ --the French Civil Code-- came into force on January 1,1811. Part from the Code Civil was the ‘Etat Civil’, the civil registration. Some areas in the Netherlands started earlier with civil registration. In the Southern province of Zeeland these were Zeelandic-Flanders (Zeeuws Vlaanderen) and Vlissingen, which were annexated in 1796 and 1808 by the french. The civil servant, who became the specialised official was appointed in every municipality with registration of the births, marriages and deceased inhabitants. Most of them could not read and write so this servant wrote the names down as they were spoken in french. Who was a born de Zutter was registrated as Dezuttere, Sutters or de Sutter, Franciscus as Francois or Francies, Petrus as Pierre, Jacobus as Jacques or Jean. All certificates were written in the french language untill 1806 and who married after as Francois de Zutter became Franciscus de Zutter or de Sutter, Laureyns as Laurentius, Jacques as Jacobus. Official registration in the whole Kingdom of The Netherlands began in 1811. The Republican calender was introduced by the french in 1792. Civil Register of Certificates 1796 - 1806 (22 June 4th year - 21 July, 14th and last year of the Republican calender, were written in the french language. End of annexation by the France Empire came in 1814. CONTENTS B.2.1.a. = first child of B.2.1. -- grandchild of B.2. -- greatgrandchild of B. Dutch and Flemish history. Page 1. The Low Countries - Belgica. Dutch and Flemish History. Flemish farmhands. De Zutter family history. Page 2. De Zutter - Manito-IL immigrants. Family Tree DeSutter -de Zutter-. Page 3. Pedigree DeSutter -de Zutter- ancestors. Ancestors de Zutter - from Flanders. Page 4. Ancestor A. Corneel de Zutter, 1679 -1724. Children of A.2. Thomas Ignaas de Zutter. Children of A.2.5. Franciscus Jacobus de Zutter. Ancestors de Zutter - from Flanders. Page 5. Children of A.2.5.4. Petrus Johannes de Zutter. Ancestor: B. Ludovicus de Zutter. Page 6. Children B.1. - B.8. of B. (A.2.5.4.3.) Ludovicus de Zutter. Dutch ancestor: B.1. Augustus de Zutter. Page 7. Children B.1.1. - B.1.3. of Grandpa August. B.3. Franciscus Bernardus de Zutter. Page 8. Children born B.3.1. - B.3.5. and grandchildren. B.5. Nathalia de Zutter - Palmer. Page 9. Children born B.5.1. - B.5.3. and grandchildren. B.1.1. Ludovicus L. DeSutter. Page 10 - 11. Parentage of descendants Louis. B.1.2. Augustinus A. DeSutter. Page 12 - 15. Parentage of descendants August Sr. B.1.3. Christophorus J. DeSutter. Page 16. Parentage of descendants Chris J. DeSutter - Martens family relation. Page 17. Pedigree family relation. © www.timsview.nl -- Issue November 10, 2011, update February 5, 2013. 1 The Low Countries - Belgica The low Countries - Netherlands. In Latin: Belgica. 52 BC: The southern region was the Roman Province Gallia Belgica, the northern region was in the Province Germania. The border between the two regions was the river Rhine. 1384 to 1482: Burgundian Netherlands. The area comprised large parts of present-day and the, as well as, parts of northern France. Justus Lipsius (1547 - 1606) described the Bourgondian Duke Philippe le Bon as the "Conditor BELGII" (Creator of the Netherlands). By inheritances, purchases and influence, he United almost the whole future area of the Netherlands (Belgica). 1482 to 1581: Habsburg Netherlands, devided in seventeen provinces . 1581: The southern region were reconquered by the Spanish and ruled by Philip, Duke of Parma. Including the County Flanders and Walloon Flanders. From 1713 it became Austrian Netherlands (Belgica Regia) under the Habsburg crown, in 1795 anexed by France . The northern region of Habsburg Netherlands formed the Federal Republic Holland (Dutch Republic of the Seven Provinces - Belgica Foederata), lead by the provinces Holland and Zeeland . 1815: Both regions formed The United Kingdom of the Netherlands, lead by the House of Orange-Nassau . 1839: Dutch King Willem I agreed to an independent Belgium . ----> Read further "Dutch and Flemish History", below. The oldest of the doctrinal standards of the Christian Reformed Church is the Confession of Faith, popularly known as the Belgic Confession, following the seventeenth-century Latin designation "Confession Belgica". "Belgica" referred to the whole of the Netherlands, both north and south, which today is divided into the Netherlands and Belgium. The confession's chief author was Guido de Bräs, a preacher of the Reformed churches of the Netherlands, who died a martyr to the faith in the year 1567. Historically, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg were known as the Low Countries, which used to cover a somewhat larger area than the current Benelux group of states. The region was called Belgica in Latin because of the Roman province Gallia Belgica which covered more or less the same area. From the end of the Middle Ages until the 17th century, it was a prosperous centre of commerce and culture. From the 16th century until the Belgian Revolution in 1830, when Belgium seceded from the Netherlands, many battles between European powers were fought in the area of Belgica Regia, causing it to be dubbed the battleground of Europe, a reputation strengthened by both World Wars.