Getting Started with Arduino James Michener K9JM These slides are available at k9jm.com Why Arduino? It was designed as a teaching tool in Europe. The goal was to get the student up and running after the first day of class. Where one can start running real programs. This is your first day of class…. And your second day of class…. What we will do: Getting started with ● Arduino IDE ● Arduino Driver Install ● Visual Studio + Visual Micro Arduino Extension ● "Hello World" to a serial port / LCD ● Example on-line of an Arduino RF voltmeter Arduino Pros ● Up and running fast ● Wide variety of hardware choices with a common libraries and development platform ● Built in / Intergrated: USB, Serial, EEPROM, RAM, Flash, I2C, SDI, A/D, PWM ● Full gcc g++ language support ● Hundreds of prebuilt add on hardware ● LCD displays, touch screens, DDS, motor controllers, clocks, ethernet, WiFi, GSM Arduino Con Not good for big data / high speed applications. Support only for C and C++ programming language. (no Java, Ruby, Lisp, Fortran, Python...etc) Consider the Raspberry Pi, Beaglebone Black.... but you need to good at Unix Step One: Get a cup of coffee... especially if you're on DSL Estimated time to download and install everything is two hours. Download Arduino Software ● https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software ● Gets everything.... ● Atmel gcc compilers ● Libraries ● Board Descriptions ● Arduino IDE ● Arduino Windows Drivers Download Arduino Software Hint: I always go for the "Windows ZIP file for non admin install". The reason is, I can control where on my machine to install it AND (most important) you can have multiple versions of Arduino installed at one time. This is important when they come out with a new release (about every month). Do you wish to donate? Expand the zip file The browser will save the zip file in it's 'download' directory. Unzip the folder into your 'home' directory (eg C:\Users\James ) This can be done by drag and dropping the folder Short coffee break Drag and Drop Folder from Zip Make a desktop shortcut In the new arduino directory, right click on arduino.exe and and click on 'create short cut' Move short cut to desktop ● Drag and drop the short cut to the desktop ● Rename the shortcut to Arduino-version# ● Hint: use F2 key for renaming a fime ● Hint: you can delete the downloaded zip file Double click on desktop icon Uncheck 'Always ask before opening this file' and hit Run Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) Driver Install Note: Because you did not do an administrative install… Windows does not know where the Arduino drivers are located…. Plug in the USB cable connected to the Arduino and Windows will be unable to find the driver for this device. Windows Fails to find driver. Hit Close Open 'Computer Management' and look for an 'Unknown Device' Right click on unknown device and select "Update driver software" Then select Browse my computer for driver software Browse to the Arduino driver directory Say okay... and the driver is installed! Note the COM port number A better IDE Earlier this year, Microsoft released FOR FREE, a version of their Visual Studio development suite call Visual Studio Community. They also opened up how to create Visual Studio Community Download https://www.visualstudio.com/downloads/download-visual-studio-vs Install Visual Studio Community ● Either take a typical install, or custom, but make sure that C and C++ elements are installed! ● Installation can take up to an hour, so you might consider going for a walk. Take either Typical or Custom Minimum C++ and Extensibility Tools Click Install One hour later....Microsoft sign in Sign in or create a new account Just about there... Visual Micro Install Extension Open Visual Studio Community and in the menu select Tools, and Extensions and Updates. On the left click on 'Online' There are hundreds of extensions and pages of extensions! Note: the '1 2 3 4 5 >' at the bottom, this selects the pages. Find the “Arduino IDE for Visual Studio” Search for and select Arduino IDE Select and hit download VSIX runs Click okay... then click Restart Now Enter location of Arduino IDE then hit OK Added tool bars and menu items Congratulations! You are ready to go... more reading http://www.visualmicro.com/page/User-Guide.aspx https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePage Hello World Example ● I used an I2C (TWI) LCD panel..less wires ● Wiring – Clock = Uno pin A5 Data = Uno pin A4 ● Using I2C LCD ... what is the I2C Address?? ● Warning I2C address is 7 bits and it may or may not be shifted left by one bit ● When in doubt 'sniff' it... Important to understand about AVR Arduinos (eg Uno, Mega) ● Processors have very limited RAM ● Uno has 2 kilobytes ● Mega has 8 kilobytes ● Not much space for a 'heap' ● Avoid using 'new' or 'malloc' ● Avoid using STL ● Avoid using RAM except as needed! C / C++ notes ● Atmel compilier supports C++11 ● Not all Arduino libraries support C++11 ● Compilier supports C++11 STL changes ● For AVR (Uno / Mega) avoid STL elements that use malloc and new ● Bottom line: Stick with C/C++ 98 Important to understand about AVR Arduinos (eg Uno, Mega) ● Processors use a 'Harvard Architecture' ● Different instructions to address data or SRAM ● Data in Program Memory must be moved to RAM Important to understand about AVR Arduinos (eg Uno, Mega) const char foo[] = "K9JM"; Serial.print("Hello World"); --- strings are in RAM! const char foo[] PROGMEM = "K9JM"; Serial.print(F("Hello World")); --- strings are in Program Memory Arduino SAM processors (eg Due) 32 bit flat address space 96K of RAM 512K of Flash program memory any 'const' is stored in Flash Due compilier will properly handel (F(" ")) and PROGMEM functions, but are not required. FYI ● Visual micro stores all objects and 'hex' files in a directory. Note: AppData is a hidden directory /Users/James/AppData/Local/V.Micro/Arduino/Build In case Visual Studio Express does not generate a desk top icon... Go to this directory and right click on devenv.exe and click on 'Create shortcut' .