Modernization of local public services in the Republic of Moldova - Intervention area 2: Regional planning and programming - Feasibility study for the Integrated System on Waste Management for the Waste Management Zone 3 in South Development Region Final report December 2015 Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered offices: Bonn and Eschborn, Germany Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 40 53113 Bonn, Germany T +49 228 44 60-0 F +49 228 44 60-17 66 Dag-Hammarskjöld-Weg 1-5 65760 Eschborn, Germany T +49 61 96 79-0 F +49 61 96 79-11 15 E [email protected] I www.giz.de Authors: Alina Oberdörfer, Tamara Guvir, Borislav Mourdzev, Wolfgang Robrecht, Augustin Boer, Gabriele Janikowski, Marcela Vatamaniuc, Ciprian Popovici, Oleg Bogdevici, Ion Beliman, Rodica Iordanov, Anatol Ignat, Rodica Balanel, Ludmila Malcoci, Flaviu Pop, Iurie Tugui Elaborated by: Consortium GOPA - Gesellschaft für Organisation, Planung und Ausbildung mbH – Eptisa Servicios de Ingeniera S.L. - Integration Environment & Energy GmbH – Kommunalkredit Public Consulting GmbH – Oxford Policy Management Ltd. Prepared for: Project “Modernization of local public services in the Republic of Moldova”, implemented by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH on behalf of Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and with support of Romanian Government, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and European Union Project partners: Ministry of Regional Development and Construction of the Republic of Moldova Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Moldova Agencies for Regional Development The expressed opinions belong to the author(s) and do not necessary reflect the views of GIZ, BMZ, Romanian Government, Sida and European Union. Chisinau, December 2015 Modernization of local public services, intervention area 2 Content 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 2 Baseline conditions ........................................................................................ 2 2.1 Geographical context ........................................................................................ 2 2.2 Geology and hydrogeology ............................................................................... 2 2.2.1 Geological and hydrogeological conditions within WMZ 3 ................................ 2 2.2.2 Geological monuments ..................................................................................... 4 2.2.3 Seismic conditions ............................................................................................ 5 2.2.4 Underground waters ......................................................................................... 6 2.2.5 Underground water levels and flow direction .................................................... 8 2.2.6 Underground water quality ................................................................................ 8 2.3 Soils .................................................................................................................. 8 2.4 Landscape and topography .............................................................................. 9 2.5 Climate and air quality ...................................................................................... 9 2.5.1 Temperature and precipitation .......................................................................... 9 2.5.2 Wind conditions, speed and direction ............................................................. 11 2.5.3 Natural hazards, hazardous weather .............................................................. 11 2.5.4 Air quality, pollution of existing air .................................................................. 12 2.6 Surface waters, hydrology and drainage ........................................................ 13 2.6.1 Water quality ................................................................................................... 14 2.6.2 Water protection zones ................................................................................... 14 2.7 Biodiversity and protected areas .................................................................... 14 2.7.1 Landscapes in the Republic of Moldova ......................................................... 14 2.7.2 Vegetation types found in WMZ 3 ................................................................... 15 2.7.3 Flora ................................................................................................................ 16 2.7.4 Fauna .............................................................................................................. 16 2.7.5 Biodiversity ..................................................................................................... 17 2.7.6 State protected natural areas ......................................................................... 17 2.7.7 Red Book endangered species in the Republic of Moldova ........................... 18 2.8 Socio-economic data ...................................................................................... 18 2.8.1 Methodology ................................................................................................... 18 2.8.2 Project area settlements ................................................................................. 19 2.8.3 Economic profile of the area ........................................................................... 19 2.8.3.1 Gross domestic product analysis ................................................................................. 19 2.8.3.2 Industry ........................................................................................................................ 20 2.8.3.3 Agriculture .................................................................................................................... 21 2.8.3.4 Services ....................................................................................................................... 22 2.8.3.5 Existing transport infrastructure ................................................................................... 22 2.8.3.6 Power supply ................................................................................................................ 24 2.8.3.7 Water supply and sanitation services .......................................................................... 24 2.8.3.8 Telephone services ...................................................................................................... 25 Feasibility study for the Integrated System on Waste Management for the Waste Management Zone 3 in South Devel- opment Region i Modernization of local public services, intervention area 2 2.8.3.9 Social infrastructure ..................................................................................................... 25 2.8.4 Demographics and age based structure ......................................................... 27 2.8.4.1 Current situation ........................................................................................................... 27 2.8.4.2 Population forecast in the WMZ 3 ................................................................................ 32 2.8.5 Sources of income .......................................................................................... 34 2.8.5.1 Current situation of revenue ......................................................................................... 34 2.8.5.2 Aspects of revenue forecast ........................................................................................ 37 2.8.6 Unemployment ................................................................................................ 37 2.8.7 Social aspects of project implementation ....................................................... 38 3 Current situation on waste generation and prognosis ............................. 40 3.1 Waste amounts ............................................................................................... 41 3.2 Waste composition ......................................................................................... 43 3.3 Waste prognosis ............................................................................................. 44 4 Status of current arrangements .................................................................. 46 4.1 Collection and transport of municipal waste ................................................... 46 4.2 Waste treatment ............................................................................................. 49 4.3 Waste disposal ............................................................................................... 49 4.4 Financial aspects ............................................................................................ 50 4.5 Projects implemented / under implementation ................................................ 51 5 Objectives and targets ................................................................................. 53 5.1 National and regional objectives and targets .................................................. 53 5.2 Objectives and targets for the design of the integrated waste management system in WMZ 3 .......................................................................................................... 55 6 Management of special waste streams ...................................................... 57 6.1 Hazardous household waste .........................................................................