Taiwan Educational Review Monthly Vol. 8 No. 9 September 1, 2019 Since November 1, 2011 Publisher Hwang, Jenq-Jye (President, Association for Taiwan Educational Review) Editor-in-Chief Deputy Editor Hwang, Jenq-Jye (Emeritus Professor, Providence University) Yeh, Shing-Hua (Professor, University of Taipei) Executive Editor Lai, Kwang-Jen (Associate Professor, Soochow University) 2019 Advisory Board Chang, Fen-Fen (Professor, University of Taipei) Lee, Yi-Fang (Professor, National Taiwan Normal University) Cheng, Ching-Ching ( Associate Professor, National Chiayi Lin,Yung-feng (Professor, National Chung Cheng University) University ) Pai, Yi-Fong ( Professor, National Dong Hwa University) Cheng, Chun-Hao (Associate Chief Executive Officer, Proffessor Su, Jin-Li (Emeritus Professor, National Tsing Hua University) Huang Kau-Huei Education Foundation) Wang, Chin-Kuo (Professor, National Taichung University of Fang, Chih-Hua ( Professor, University of Taipei) Education ) Gau, Shin-Jiann ( Retired professor , National Taiwan Normal Wei, Yan-Shun( Professor & Dean, National Taichung University) University of Education ) Hu, Ru-Ping (Associate Professor, National Taiwan Normal Weng, Fwu-Yuan (Professor, National Chi Nan University) University ) Wu, Chun-Hsien ( Professor, National Kaohsiung University of Huang, Hsiu-Shuang ( Professor, National University of Tainan) Science and Technology) Hwang, Jenq-Jye ( Emeritus Professor , Providence University) Yeh, Shing-Hua (Professor, University of Taipei) Lee, Lung-Sheng (Professor & President, Central Taiwan University of Yiu, Tzu-Ta (Associate Professor, National Taichung Science and Technology) University of Education) Lee Ya-Ting ( Professor, National Pingtung University) 2019 Editorial Board Chang, Fen-Fen (Professor, University of Taipei) Tsai, Chin-Hsiung (Researcher, National Academy for Chang, Kuo-Pao (Associate Professor, Ming Chuan University) Educational Research) Chang, Min-Chieh( Professor, National Taiwan Normal University) Tseng, Jung-Hua (Assistant Professor, National Taichung Cheng, Chun-Hao ( Associate Chief Executive Officer , Proffessor University of Education) Huang Kau-Huei Education Foundation ) Wang, Chin-Kuo (Professor, National Taichung University of Chen, Yih-Fen(Associate Professor, National Taichung University of Education ) Education) Wang, Li-Wei (Retired Lecturer, National Taitung University) Fang, Chih-Hua ( Professor, University of Taipei) Weng, Fwu-Yuan (Professor, National Chi Nan University) Hu, Ru-Ping (Associate Professor, National Taiwan Normal Wei, Yan-Shun( Professor & Dean, National Taichung University ) University of Education ) Hwang, Jenq-Jye ( Emeritus Professor , Providence University ) Wu, Po-Han (Assistant Professor, Ming Chuan University) Lee, Yi-Fang (Professor, National Taiwan Normal University) Yang, Szu-Wei (Chair Professor, Nanhua University) Lee, Yi-Lin (Doctor, National Taichung University of Education ) Yeh, Shing-Hua (Professor, University of Taipei) Shieh, Jin-Jy (Assistant Professor, University of Macau) Editors Hu, Ru-Ping (Associate Professor, National Taiwan Normal University ) Review Articles Lee, Yi-Fang (Professor, National Taiwan Normal University) Essay Articles Lai, Kwang-Jen (Associate Professor, Soochow University) Yeh, Shing-Hua (Professor, University of Taipei) Managing Editor Art Editor Chiu, Hsin-Yu (Assistant, National Taiwan Normal University) Peng, Yi-Wen (Assistant, Association for Taiwan Educational Text Editors Review ) Deng, Jing-Ru; Liu, Chih-Yin; Wang, Fang-Ting; Chen, Yen-Yun Cover Designer (Assistants, Association for Taiwan Educational Review) Liu, Wan-Pin (Assistant, Center for Teaching and Learning Development, Providence University) Publishing Entity Place of Publication Association for Taiwan Educational Review（ATER） Taipei , Taiwan No.1, Ai-Guo West Road,Taipei,10048 Taiwan (Department of Learning and Materials Design, University of Taipei) Tel: 02-23113040 ext 8422 Fax: 02-23116264 E-mail: [email protected] ( Deng, Jing-Ru; Liu, Chih-Yin ) All rights reserved. Translation or reproduction must obtain a written permit. II .