Comparative study of episodic memory in common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) and Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius) Pauline Billard To cite this version: Pauline Billard. Comparative study of episodic memory in common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) and Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius). Animal biology. Normandie Université, 2020. English. NNT : 2020NORMC227. tel-03150039v2 HAL Id: tel-03150039 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03150039v2 Submitted on 23 Feb 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THÈSE Pour obtenir le diplôme de doctorat Spécialité SCIENCES DE LA VIE ET DE LA SANTE Préparée au sein de l'Université de Caen Normandie Εtude cοmparative de la mémοire épisοdique chez la seiche cοmmune (Sepia οfficinalis) et le geais des chênes (Garrulus glandarius) Présentée et soutenue par Pauline BILLARD Thèse soutenue publiquement le 18/12/2020 devant le jury composé de M. MATHIAS OSVATH Professeur, Université de Lund - Suède Rapporteur du jury Professeur, Université de Lisbonne - M. RUI ROSA Rapporteur du jury Portugal Mme VALERIE DUFOUR Maître de conférences HDR, CNRS Membre du jury Professeur des universités, Université M. FRANCIS EUSTACHE Membre du jury Caen Normandie Maître de conférences HDR, Université Mme CHRISTELLE JOZET Directeur de thèse Caen Normandie Professeur, Université de Cambridge - Mme NICOLA CLAYTON Co-directeur de thèse Royaume Uni Thèse dirigée par CHRISTELLE JOZET et NICOLA CLAYTON, Ethologie Animale et Humaine THESE Pour obtenir le diplôme de doctorat Spécialité Physiologie et Biologie des Organismes – Populations - Interactions Préparée au sein de l’Université de Caen, Normandie Comparative Study of Episodic Cognition in Common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) and Eurasian jays (Garrulus glandarius) Présentée et soutenue par Pauline BILLARD Thèse soutenue publiquement le 18.12.2020 devant le jury composé de Mr Mathias OSVATH Pr. / University of Lund, Sweden Rapporteur Mr Rui ROSA Pr. / University of Lisbon, Portugal Rapporteur Pr. / Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Mr Francis EUSTACHE Examinateur Paris, France Mme Valérie DUFOUR C.R. / CNRS, France Examinatrice Mme Christelle JOZET-ALVES M.C, H.D.R / Université de Caen, France Directrice de thèse Mme Nicola S. CLAYTON Pr. / University of Cambridge, UK Codirectrice de thèse Thèse dirigée par Christelle JOZET-ALVES laboratoire EthoS – Ethologie Animale et Humaine – UMR 6552 / et Nicola S. CLAYTON – Comparative Cognition laboratory of the University of Cambrid Acknowledgements This thesis could not have been completed without the support and help of a large number of persons that I would like to warmly thank. First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisors, Christelle Jozet-Alves and Nicky Clayton, for their tireless support and patience, for their trust and their presence whenever I needed them. Thank you for cheering me up when I was doubting, for sharing your experiences, and for giving me the opportunity to accomplish this work. Christelle, thank you for believing in me since the master! Nicky, thank you for your enthusiasm and for your warm welcome in your lab. I also would like to thank Alban Lemasson for giving me the opportunity to work in his lab, and for trusting me to study the Mangabeys for some time at the biological station of Paimpont. A very warm thank to Ludovic Dickel, who probably deleted the episodic memory of me writing him 6 years ago, saying that I wanted to study animal behaviour. He advised me to postulate to the Sciences of Behaviours and Neurosciences master in Caen. Thank you also for trusting me and giving me the chance to complete an internship during my master 1 at the Gmpc. This thesis would probably not exist without your advices and lectures. I also thank all the members of the EthoS laboratory, especially the Cephalopod unit, Cécile Bellanger, Anne-Sophie Darmaillacq, Céline Thomasse, Isabelle Chevalier, Ophélie Grard and also Nadège Naud. Thanks to the members of the comparative cognition lab for the great discussions, especially Alex, Ben, Eli, Alizée, Maria (x2!), Gabrielle, Luigi, and former members Ljerka and Rachel Crosby. A big thank to Jonathon Crystal for sharing some of his incredible knowledge, for his support and patience. I am particularly grateful to the members of the CREC, notably Jean-Paul, Frédo, and David for their very precious help for building/fixing stuffs, fishing the shrimps and the crabs and taking care of our little beasts! Thank you to my colleagues and friends who made this PhD thesis fun and for creating a lots of happy episodic memories: from Caen, Manon, Eva, Candice, Elpidio, Lisa, Alice, Appoline (non je déconne, je sais que c’est Apolline !), François, from Rennes Juliette, Noémie (merci P a g e 1 | 251 les filles pour votre présence à la station biologique de Paimpont et pour tous vos conseils), Pablo, Marion (merci pour tes back-ups pour les conseils d’unité!), Delphine, Christiane, Geoffrey, Loic. From Cambridge, Alizée, Eli, Ben, Luigi, Alex, Maria. A special thanks to Caitlin, to take me under her wings (haha) and who now is swimming in the Caribbean Sea. A special thanks to Marjo, my friend for life for her support and caring, for being present all along this PhD work, and for her precious help to illustrate my posters and thesis! Thanks to the salsa/bachata/tango communities of Cambridge and Caen, you kept me sane during this PhD. Merci à mes petites colocs, de m’avoir supporté pendant cette rédaction, pour votre aide précieuse et surtout Marjo d’avoir bien pris soin de moi, et de m’avoir divertie avec ces soirées kohlanta-l’amourestdanslepré-rédactiondethèse. Finally, a huge thank to my family to always be present and supportive, for giving me a lot of love and believing in me. P a g e 2 | 251 SUMMARY TABLE Publications....................................................................................................................... 8 Abbreviations .................................................................................................................... 9 List of figures .................................................................................................................. 10 1. General introduction ...................................................................................................... 14 2. Objectives of this PhD thesis ......................................................................................... 17 3. Manuscript organization ................................................................................................. 18 Chapter 1 : LITERATURE BACKGROUND AND MODELS PRESENTATION ... 19 A. Episodic cognition .......................................................................................................... 21 I. Episodic memory ................................................................................................. 21 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 22 1. Episodic-like memory in animals ................................................................... 24 2. Studies using the What-Where-When criterion .............................................. 26 3. What-Where-When (In Terms of How Long Ago) ....................................... 27 4. What-Where-Temporal Order (Relative Timing) .......................................... 29 5. What-Where-Which ........................................................................................ 30 6. Other Ways to Investigate Episodic Cognition ............................................... 31 Unexpected question ....................................................................................... 32 Source-Memory ............................................................................................... 34 Episodic Future Thinking ............................................................................... 35 Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 37 II. Source-memory ..................................................................................................... 41 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 41 1. What is source-memory? ............................................................................... 41 2. Source-memory investigation in humans ....................................................... 45 3. Source-memory investigation in animals ....................................................... 46 Source discrimination ..................................................................................... 46 Incidental encoding ......................................................................................... 48 B. Comparative study of episodic cognition ....................................................................... 52 I. Comparative cognition .......................................................................................... 52 Introduction........................................................................................................