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This document is archival in nature and is intended Le présent document a une valeur archivistique et for those who wish to consult archival documents fait partie des documents d’archives rendus made available from the collection of Public Safety disponibles par Sécurité publique Canada à ceux Canada. qui souhaitent consulter ces documents issus de sa collection. Some of these documents are available in only one official language. Translation, to be provided Certains de ces documents ne sont disponibles by Public Safety Canada, is available upon que dans une langue officielle. Sécurité publique request. Canada fournira une traduction sur demande. 2002 ENVIRONMENTAL SCAN July 2002 Corporate Planning 2002 Environmental Scan TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I. Demographic Trends Highlights.............................................................................................................1 A. Toronto and Greater Toronto Area Population...............................................1 B. Age Structure of the Population......................................................................3 C. Population Composition..................................................................................5 D. Immigration and Refugees..............................................................................6 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service.............................................9 II. Crime Trends Highlights.............................................................................................................11 A. National Crime Trends....................................................................................12 B. Interpretation of Police Reported Crime Data.................................................13 C. Level of Crime and Police Resources .............................................................14 D. Number of Crimes in Toronto.........................................................................15 E. Rates for Comparisons ....................................................................................17 F. Changes in Proportion of Major Offence Groups............................................18 G. Crimes of Violence .........................................................................................19 H. Use of Weapons and Injury of Crime Victims................................................21 I. Theft of Motor Vehicles and Breaking & Entering..........................................22 J. Disorder............................................................................................................25 K. Drug-Related Crimes ......................................................................................26 L. Organised Crimes ............................................................................................27 M. Persons Arrested and Charged .......................................................................30 N. Trends Across Police Divisions ......................................................................32 O. Comparison with Other Canadian Cities ........................................................35 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service.............................................38 Chapter Appendix A (Divisional Statistics) ........................................................41 III. Youth Crime Highlights.............................................................................................................46 A. A Perspective on Youth Crime .......................................................................48 B. Youth Criminal Justice Act.............................................................................49 C. Youth Crime in Canada...................................................................................51 D. Youth Crime in Toronto..................................................................................53 E. Crimes Occurring on School Premises............................................................59 F. Drug Use by Youths ........................................................................................61 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service.............................................62 Chapter Appendix A (Persons Arrested/Charged by Age and Offence) .............64 Table of Contents i 2002 Environmental Scan PAGE IV. Victimisation & Groups at Special Risk Highlights.............................................................................................................66 A. Victimisation in Canada..................................................................................67 B. Victimisation in Toronto – Total and By Gender ...........................................68 C. Victimisation – By Age...................................................................................71 D. Victimisation Within the Family.....................................................................75 E. Hate/Bias Crime ..............................................................................................83 F. Occupational Violence.....................................................................................85 G. Victim Services...............................................................................................86 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service.............................................87 Chapter Appendix A (Family Violence Involving Criminal Code Offences) .....89 Chapter Appendix B (Spousal Violence Involving Criminal Code Offences)....90 V. Traffic Highlights.............................................................................................................91 A. Traffic Collisions ............................................................................................92 B. Collision Reporting Centres............................................................................97 C. Highway Traffic Act Charges .........................................................................97 D. Aggressive Drivers..........................................................................................98 E. Red-Light Cameras..........................................................................................99 F. Seniors .............................................................................................................101 G. Distracted Drivers ...........................................................................................102 H. Traffic Safety Programs..................................................................................103 I. Toronto/Canadian Traffic Safety......................................................................105 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service.............................................106 VI. Calls for Service Highlights.............................................................................................................108 A. Calls Received and Method of Response........................................................108 B. Response Times...............................................................................................110 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service.............................................111 VII. Urban Trends Highlights.............................................................................................................113 A. Urban Development ........................................................................................114 B. Transportation .................................................................................................117 C. Public and Private Policing Services...............................................................120 D. Conventions and Tourism ...............................................................................122 E. Urban Phenomena ...........................................................................................124 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service.............................................127 Table of Contents ii 2002 Environmental Scan PAGE VIII. Technology & Policing Highlights.............................................................................................................129 A. Computer Crime and Policing – Introduction.................................................130 B. Global Trends..................................................................................................131 C. Biometrics .......................................................................................................131 D. Computer Fraud ..............................................................................................132 E. Sexual Exploitation – Child Pornography.......................................................134 F. Internet Use by Canadians...............................................................................135