PLANT PHYSIOLOGY IN ADDRESSING GREEN ECONOMY Normaniza Osman Ahmad Nazarudin Mohd Roseli Tsan Fui Ying Roohaida Othman Phebe Ding Zamri Ishak Mahmud Tg. Muda Mohamed Puteri Edaroyati Megat Wahab 23rd Malaysian Society of Plant Physiology Conference (MSPPC 2012) i ISBN 978-967-10840-2-1 Trans. Malaysian Soc. Plant Physiol. 21 First Published, 2013 TRANSACTIONS OF THE MALAYSIAN SOCIETY OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY VOL. 21 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY IN ADDRESSING GREEN ECONOMY 23rd Malaysian Society of Plant Physiology Conference (MSPPC 2012) held at Bayview Hotel, Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia. 18-20 Disember 2012 Normaniza Osman Ahmad Nazarudin Mohd Roseli Tsan Fui Ying Roohaida Othman Phebe Ding Zamri Ishak Mahmud Tg. Muda Mohamed Puteri Edaroyati Megat Wahab Organized by Malaysian Society of Plant Physiology MSPP is a professional scientific body dedicated towards promoting research and development in tropical plant biology ii ISBN 978-967-10840-2-1 Trans. Malaysian Soc. Plant Physiol. 21 First Published, 2013 CONTENTS Table of Contents Page iii CHAPTER 1 PLANT GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION 1 1. Paddy Tiller Strength in Relations to Nitrogen Rate and Soil Nutrition 2 Analysis: A Case Study at Kg. Gelam, MADA Fauzi, J. and Rodzi, S. 2. Correlating the Absorption and Reflection Spectrum of Chlorophyll, 7 Carotenoid and Anthocyanin Pigments Using Green Devices Nor Izzati, H. and Rosly, A.R. 3. Response of Different Media Ratio on Growth and Biomass 12 Production of Andrographis paniculata (Hempedu Bumi) Grown under Soilless Culture System Noorhanin, D., Puteri Edaroyati, M.W. and Siti Aishah, H 4. Regulating Plant Organ Growth: The enigmatic Role of Expansins 19 Goh, H.H. and Fleming, A.J. 5. Effect of Empty Fruit Bunch and Rice Husk Biochar on Sweet Corn 22 (Zea mays L.) Growth Abu Sari, N., Ishak, C.F. and Abu Bakar, R. 6. The Root Physiological and Hydrological Enhancement for Green 25 Slope Bioengineering Approach Saifuddin, M. and Normaniza, O. 7. Profiling of Flavonoid Compounds and Alteration of Their 31 Production and Antioxidant Activity During the Growth Period in Young Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Ghasemzadeh, A. and Jaafar, H.Z.E. 8. Productivity of Grass-legume Mixtures under Different Shade Levels 35 Baba, M., Halim, R.A., Alimon, A.R. and Idris, A.B. 9. Nutritional Content of Ridged Gourd (Luffa acutangula) Using 39 Different Types of Manure Nur Aisyah, I., Shampazuraini, S. and Halim, R.A. 10. Domestication of Aquilaria (Karas) Tree Species for Agarwood and 42 Oil Production: Reaping the Wealth Lok, E.H. and Ahmad, Z.Y. CHAPTER 2 BEST PRACTICES AND CURRENT TECHNIQUES 45 11. Enhancing Quality of Export Grade Carambola by Methyl Jasmonate 46 Induced Stress Maysoun A.M., Seymour, G., Tucker, G. and Asgar A. 12. Effects of Sucrose on the Quality of Dendrobium Sonia red Flowers 50 iii ISBN 978-967-10840-2-1 Trans. Malaysian Soc. Plant Physiol. 21 First Published, 2013 Stored at Ambient Temperature Nur Aznirah, M.Y., Maziah, M., Mahmud, T.M.M. 13. Oxidative Stress Response of Colletotrichum capsici Induced by 54 Postharvest Treatment with Ozone Nurul Alyaa, A. and Asgar, A 14. Effect of Modified Packaging on Postharvest Quality of ‘Frangi’ 59 Papaya Ding, P. and Muhammad, Z.A.L. 15. Determining Harvesting Maturity of Frangi Papaya Using Non- 62 destructive Method Ding, P. 16. Effect of Pre-harvest Application of Calcium on Physicochemical 65 Characteristics of Papaya (Carica papaya L. cv. Eksotika II) Madani, B., Mahmud, T.M.M., Awang, Y. and Kadir, J. 17. Effectiveness of Selected Mulches Improving Postharvest Quality of 68 Field-Cultivated Leaf Lettuce Ketaren, B.K., Ahmad, S.H., Juraimi A.S., Rosenani, A.B., Tajidin N.E. and Munirah, M. 18. Effect of Thermal Processing on Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant 72 Activity and Microbial Properties of Chokanan Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Juice Vicknesha, S. and Chandran, S. 19. Submicron Dispersios of Chitosan A Green Technology: Against 78 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Noosheen, Z., Asgar, A., Manickam, S. and Maysoun, A.M. 20. Applicaion of Propolis as A Green Technology For Maintaining the 82 Quality of Bell Pepper Maysoun, A.M., Nurul Alyaa, A., Yee, Z.W. and Asgar, A. CHAPTER 3 ECOPHYSIOLOGY AND STRESS BIOLOGY 87 21. Relationship of Chlorophyll and Flavonoids Content in Labisia 88 pumila Benth. under Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization Chong, P.L., Jaafar, H.Z.E. and Ibrahim, M.H. 22. Combining Ability for Physiological Traits in Wheat under Drought 94 Stress Mohammad Reza, N. R., Mihdzar, A. K., Mohd Rafii,Y. and Hawa, Z.E.J. 23. Seed Quality of Christmas Palm (Veitchia merrillii) as Affected by 97 Desiccation Najib, O.G., Mohd Shaib, J. and Sinniah, U.R. iv ISBN 978-967-10840-2-1 Trans. Malaysian Soc. Plant Physiol. 21 First Published, 2013 24. Physiological Adaptation of Jatropha curcas to Water Deficit 102 Sulok, K.M.T., Mohideen, J.S., Othman, Y., Zainudin, S.R., and Mustafa, K. CHAPTER 4 DEVELOPMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ASSIMILATION 109 PRODUCTION 25. Performance of Lowland Cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae var. 110 botrytis) Grown Using Fertigation in Soilless and Soil-based Systems under Protective Structure Illias, M.K. 26. Effect of Different Media Use on Rooting and Growth of Eksotika II 114 Papaya Cuttings (Carica papaya L.) Muhamad Hafiz, M.H., Hartinee, A., Ab Kahar, S. and Zabedah, M. 27. In Vitro Germination of Oil Palm Synthetic Seeds 118 Tarmizi, A.H. and Zaiton, R. 28. Tropical Plants as Attractions: Potentials for Tourism and 121 Environmental Education Noor Azlin, Y., Ahmad Nazarudin, M.R., Azyyati, A.K., Naimah, C.L. and Azahari, M.Y. 29. The Effect of Plant Density on the Erosion Rate of Slope Soil 125 Aimee, H. and Normaniza, O. 30. The Limiting Factor for Commercial Vase Life of Cut Acacia 129 holosericea Foliage Stem by Dye Tracking Method Che Husin, N.M., Joyce, D.C. and Irving, D.E. CHAPTER 5 POSTHARVEST TECHNOLOGY AND QUALITY CONTROL 134 31. Development of a Non-Radioactive Screening Protocol of Various 135 Genetic Background of Oil Palm Ainul Mardziah, M., Rahimah, A.R., Ting, N.C. and Rajinder, S. 32. In Vitro Micropropagation of Temu Hitam 139 Alizah, Z., Nurulaishah, Y., Adilah, A. and Mohd Hafiz, F.H. 33. Nucleotide Sequences Analysis of Coat Protein Gene of Cucumber 142 Mosaic Virus from Three Different Plants Hazalina, Z., Mohd Afendy, A.T., Suria, M.S., Erna, M.M., Nor Fazmimi, N.A. and Zamri, I. 34. Effects of Coapplication of Red Gypsum and EFB Compost on Zn 146 Content in Sweet Corn (Zea mays. L.) Nazira, A., Fauziah, C.I. and Zauyah, S.D. 35. Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Infected Banana 150 Samples on TZC Medium using 16S rRNA Gene-cloning Method Wahid, N.S., Bunawan, S.N., Amin, N.M., Hing, J.N., Kadir, M.K.A. and Ishak, Z. v ISBN 978-967-10840-2-1 Trans. Malaysian Soc. Plant Physiol. 21 First Published, 2013 36. Isolation and Purification of Mitochondria DNA from Oil Palm 155 (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Nuraziyan A. and Ong-Abdullah, M. 37. Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Callus Induction of Polygonum 159 minus Piriyatasni, S.T., Normah, M.N. and Ismanizan, I. 38. Antibody Optimization for the Development of Lateral Flow Strip for 163 Cucumber Mosaic Virus Detection Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Technique Rafidah, A.R., Adlin Azlina, A.K., Lau, H.Y., Hazalina, Z., Suria, M.S., Rashid, M.R. and Zamri, I. 39. Micropropagation and the Optimization for the Multiplication of 167 Tissue Cultured Pineapple Plantlets Teh, C.Y. and Maziah, M. 40. Discovery of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Markers in 172 Papaya for Improvement of Economically Trait Rabiatul Adawiah, Z.A., Norliza, A.B., Johari, S. and Umi Kalsom, A.B 41. Development of Arabidopsis thaliana Lines Containing 2-propenyl 176 and 3-Butenyl Glucosinolates for Biological Testing Roslinda, S., Murray, R.G. and John, T.R. 42. Degradome Analysis of Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis Pathway in 181 Polygonum minus Yeoh, C.C., Loke, K.K., Goh, H.H., Mohd Hussein, Z.A. and Ismanizan I. 43. Molecular Characterization of Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum 186 Schumach.) Varieties Using RAPD Markers Shampazuraini S., Halim R.A. and Abdullah N.A.P. 44. In Vitro Plant Regeneration via Somatic Embryogenesis from Zygotic 191 Embryo Explants of Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg). Mahbubur, M.R., Norhani, A., Noor Azmi, S. and Maziah, M. 45. Antimicrobial Screening of the Leaf, Stem and Root Extracts of 195 Three Varieties of Labisia pumila Benth Karimi, E., Jaafar, H.Z.E, Ahmad, S., Rahmat, A and Abdul Aziz, M. 46. In Vitro Propagation, Rooting and Acclimatization of Catharanthus 198 roseus (White Variety) – A Green Economy Conservation Bakrudeen Ali A.A., Subha Shanthi, G., Gouthaman, T., Kavitha, M.S., Rao, M.V., Rosna M.T. 47. Functional Characterization of UDP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase 203 cDNA Clone From Eucheuma denticulatum Chong, H.L. and Othman, R. vi ISBN 978-967-10840-2-1 Trans. Malaysian Soc. Plant Physiol. 21 First Published, 2013 48. Characterization of Protein Biomarker for Detection of Dieback 207 Disease in Papaya Zamri, I., Adlin Azlina, A.K., Mohamad Kamal, A.K., Noriha, M.A., Suria, M.S., Erna Mutiara, M., Siti Akhtar, M., Nor Fazmimi, N.A., Nor Azizah, M.T. and Uda, H. CHAPTER 6 PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT 211 49. A Potential of Eurycoma longifolia Jack. (Tongkat Ali) Leaves 212 Extract :A Preliminary Study of Non-Chemical Insecticide Control on Brassica campestris sp. parachinensis (Green Mustard) Julius, K., Khadijah, A., Mandy, M., Normah, A. B. R. and Affendy H. 50. Detection of S. Enteritidis in Artificially-Contaminated Raw Chicken 215 Meat by Polymerase Chain Reaction Mohd Afendy A.T., Noor Azlina M.