The HAPEM5 User’s Guide Hazardous Air Pollutant Exposure Model, Version 5 March 2005 Prepared for: Ted Palma Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards US Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Prepared by: Arlene Rosenbaum ICF Consulting 60 Broadway San Francisco, CA 94111 (415) 677-7100 This page intentionally left blank. Table of Contents Contents New Features in HAPEM5....................................................................................................... iv 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................1-1 1.1. Organization of the User’s Guide ........................................................................ 1-1 1.2. Background .......................................................................................................... 1-2 1.2.1. Population Data ............................................................................................ 1-2 1.2.2. Activity Data.................................................................................................. 1-2 1.2.3. Air Quality Data ............................................................................................ 1-4 1.2.4. Microenvironmental Data ............................................................................. 1-5 1.2.5. Stochastic Elements..................................................................................... 1-5 1.3. Strengths and Limitations of HAPEM5 ................................................................ 1-7 1.3.1. Strengths ...................................................................................................... 1-7 1.3.2. Limitations..................................................................................................... 1-8 1.4. Applicability .......................................................................................................... 1-8 1.5. Brief History of the Hazardous Air Pollutant Exposure Model ............................ 1-9 2. Getting Started—An Overview of HAPEM5..........................................................2-1 2.1. Model Structure.................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1. Parameter Files ............................................................................................ 2-2 2.1.2. DURAV and the Activity and Cluster Files................................................. 2-10 2.1.3. INDEXPOP and the Population File........................................................... 2-11 2.1.4. COMMUTE and the Commuting File ......................................................... 2-11 2.1.5. AIRQUAL and the Air Quality File .............................................................. 2-12 2.1.6. HAPEM, the Microenvironmental Factors File, and the Activity ClusTrans File .............................................................................................................. 2-12 2.1.7. Statefip File ................................................................................................. 2-14 2.1.8. Background Concentration......................................................................... 2-15 2.1.9. Exposure Output Files ................................................................................ 2-15 2.2. Changing the Parameter Settings ..................................................................... 2-16 2.2.1. Changing the Number of Microenvironments............................................ 2-16 2.2.2. Changing the Number And/or Definitions of the Demographic Groups .... 2-16 2.2.3. Changing the Number And/or Definitions of Day Types............................ 2-17 2.2.4. Changing the Number And/or Definitions of Time Blocks......................... 2-17 2.3. Setting Up a HAPEM5 Run................................................................................ 2-18 2.3.1. Running HAPEM5 as a “Batch” Job........................................................... 2-20 2.3.2. Running HAPEM5 Programs Individually .................................................. 2-20 3. HAPEM5 Input Files....................................................................................................3-1 3.1. Parameter Files.................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1. Specifying the Location and Names of Input and Output Files ................... 3-2 3.1.2. Identifying the Uniform Component of the Background Concentration....... 3-3 3.1.3. Selecting the Commuting Option ................................................................. 3-4 3.1.4. Setting the Internal Parameters ................................................................... 3-4 3.2. Activity File ........................................................................................................... 3-4 3.2.1. Variables and Format of the Default File ..................................................... 3-5 3.2.2. Replacing or Modifying the Default File ....................................................... 3-8 3.3. Cluster File ......................................................................................................... 3-10 ICF Consulting i HAPEM5 User’s Guide March 2005 Table of Contents 3.3.1. Variables and Format of the Default File ................................................... 3-10 3.3.2. Replacing or Modifying the Default File ..................................................... 3-10 3.4. Population File ................................................................................................... 3-12 3.4.1. Variables and Format of the Default File ................................................... 3-12 3.4.2. Replacing or Modifying the Default File ..................................................... 3-12 3.5. Commuting Flow File ......................................................................................... 3-15 3.6. Air Quality File .................................................................................................... 3-16 3.7. Microenvironmental Factors File ....................................................................... 3-18 3.8. ClusTrans File.................................................................................................... 3-24 3.9. Statefip File ........................................................................................................ 3-25 4. HAPEM5 Output Files ................................................................................................4-1 4.1. Log File................................................................................................................. 4-1 4.1.1. DURAV Output to the Log File..................................................................... 4-2 4.1.2. INDEXPOP Output to the Log File ............................................................... 4-3 4.1.3. COMMUTE Output to the Log File ............................................................... 4-3 4.1.4. AIRQUAL Output to the Log File.................................................................. 4-3 4.1.5. HAPEM Output to the Log File ..................................................................... 4-4 4.2. Counter File.......................................................................................................... 4-4 4.3. Mistract File .......................................................................................................... 4-5 4.4. Final Exposure File .............................................................................................. 4-6 4.4.1. File Format.................................................................................................... 4-6 5. HAPEM5 Programs.....................................................................................................5-1 5.1. Programming Guidelines Used to Develop HAPEM5 ......................................... 5-1 5.1.1. Common Structural Elements ...................................................................... 5-2 5.2. Program Descriptions .......................................................................................... 5-2 5.2.1. DURAV ......................................................................................................... 5-3 5.2.2. INDEXPOP................................................................................................... 5-5 5.2.3. COMMUTE................................................................................................... 5-6 5.2.4. AIRQUAL...................................................................................................... 5-7 5.2.5. HAPEM ......................................................................................................... 5-9 6. References....................................................................................................................6-1 Appendix: Development of Algorithm for Creating Longitudinal Activity Patterns with Cluster Analysis ............................................................................................................ A-1 ICF Consulting ii HAPEM5 User’s Guide March 2005 Table of Contents Figures Figure 2-1. Overview of HAPEM5 ............................................................................................... 2-3 Figure 2-2a. Example parameter file for running HAPEM5 programs 1-3.................................. 2-8 Figure 2-2b. Example parameter file for running HAPEM5 programs 4-5.................................