24 years of mating disruption application on grape for L. botrana and E. ambiguella control MEZZACORONA GROUP EXPERIENCE Feeding Europe with fewer pesticides European Parliament – Brussels - 4 November 2014 Mauro Varner Mezzacorona S.C.A. Luisa Mattedi Fondazione E. Mach MEZZACORONA GROUP A little history The winery of Mezzocorona was founded on 1904 MEZZACORONA GROUP IN ITALY 3000 ha in Trentino 2.500 ha grape – 500 ha apple 300 ha in South Tyrol 1000 ha in Sicily 700 ha grape GRAPE SURFACE MEZZACORONA: 2.800 ha – 1.600 associated farmers Average surface/farm = 1,7 ha less than 2 ha 77,8 % from 2 to 5 ha 17 % from 5 to 10 ha 4,2 % more than 10 ha 1 % FROM 1991 TO 2014 MATING DISRUPTION ON GRAPE MATING DISRUPTION ON GRAPE IN TRENTINO • in Trentino there are 10.000 hectares of grape • from 2003, MD is applied on ALL the hectares (9.700 hectares) • … now a little bit of history of mating disruption application in Mezzacorona vineyards… MATING DISRUPTION on GRAPE – YEAR 1991 MEZZACORONA SCA - ESAT - ISTITUTO AGRARIO S. MICHELE A/A • 1991 from field trials to practical application • small surface (13,7 ha) • 55 growers were involved, Mezzacorona Winery, ESAT technician of the area and Istituto Agrario di S. Michele all’Adige • without cooperatives involvement, the small size of the farms would had been an obstacle for the practical application of mating disruption MATING DISRUPTION – WIDE AREA EFFECT MEZZOCORONA AREA 5 % clusters% grappoli with con larvae larve 4 3 2 1 0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 1500 1200 matingSuperficie disruption in confusione hectares 900 600 300 0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 MATING DISRUPTION & PEST POPULATION clusters with larvae (%) – First generation damage assessment 10 MATING DISRUPTION - MEZZOCORONA 8 6 4 2 0 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 10 MATING MATING DISRUPTION - MEZZOLOMBARDO 8 DISRUPTION 6 4 2 0 19921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014 FROM 2001 Eupoecilia ambiguella APPEARANCE MATING DISRUPTION on GRAPE - YEARS 1991- 2014 DISPENSER TYPES – ROTALIANA PLAIN FROM 2002 PRODUCTS APPLICATION IN RELATION TO INSECTS PRESENCE HECTARES % MATING DISRUPTION SURFACE WITH or WITHOUT INSECTICIDE SPRAY- MEZZOCORONA %% superficieuntreated senzasurface trattamento %% Superficietreated surface trattata 100 1,6 2,2 0,5 0,5 0,2 9,3 90 80 70 60 50 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98,4 100 100 100 100 100 100 97,8 100 99,5 100 100 100 99,5 99,8 90,7 40 30 20 10 0 199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014 A. ljungiana AVERAGE DAMAGE ON CLUSTER MEZZOCORONA AREA 90 DANNOAVERAGE MEDIODAMAGE 80 MASSIMOMAX DAMAGE 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 MATING DISRUPTION ON A. ljungiana 5 DannoMD - AVERAGE medio DAMAGE confusione dannoNO MD - AVERAGE medio DAMAGEesterno 4,5 4 3,5 3 2,53 2,5 2 1,74 1,5 1,10 0,89 1 0,71 0,5 0,30 0,21 0,03 0,00 0,00 0,05 0,00 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 FROM 2013 - TRIPLE PURPOSE PRODUCT Lobesia + Eupoecilia + Argyrotaenia “POSITIVE EFFECTs” OF MATING DISRUPTION MATING DISRUPTION – YEAR 2014 MEZZACORONA GROUP 3.000 ha – Trentino (grape & apple) 300 ha – South Tyrol 700 ha - Sicily 25 ha - Sicily for Planococcus ficus (trial) INSECTICIDE INSECTICIDE (kg/ha/USE MEZZACORONA VINEYARDS 14 12 12,0 12,0 10,8 10,2 10 9,4 8,4 8,4 8 mating disruption disruption mating 6,7 wide area project area wide 6,6 6,0 6,0 6 year 5,4 5,2 4,8 4,8 4,6 4,3 4,0 4,0 4,0 4,0 3,8 4 ) 3,5 2,4 2 1,2 1,2 0,6 0,6 0,6 0,6 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,2 0 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 0,5 0,4 0,3 HARVESTED GRAPES INSECTICIDES RESIDUES 0,2 ppm o mg/Kg 0,1 0 - MEZZACORONA 19911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013 0,080 0,070 0,060 0,050 0,040 INSECTICIDES RESIDUES 0,030 ppm o mg/Kg WINES 0,020 - 0,010 MEZZACORONA 0,000 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 “NEW POSSIBLE PROBLEMS” THAT MAY LEAD TO AN INCREASE OF INSECTICIDES APPLICATION VECTOR OF Flavescence dorée (Scaphoideus titanus) VECTOR OF BOIS NOIR (Hyalesthes obsoletus) VINE MEALY BUG (Planococcus ficus) VINE MEALY BUG (Planococcus ficus) HARVEST DAMAGE ASSESSMENT – 28/8/2014 30 Mating Mating disruption Farm TEST disruption + insecticides standard 25 20 15 10 14,9 13,4 Gradoattacco su grappolo 5 9,8 8,3 1,4 1,2 1,3 0,9 0 I6 TEST I6 difesa difesa aziendale I3 aziendale I6 H2aziendale Confusione45g Confusione90g Confusione90g+ Confusione+ 45g SPECIAL THANKS TO: • ALL the people that helped, in various forms, for 24 years the application of mating disruption • TO Marino Gobber, Roberto Lucin, Massimo Frioli, Ronny Dalponte, Alberto Gelmetti, Marco Beozzo, Michele Bonetti, Martino Andreoli, Martino Adami, Flavia Forno for their great help • TO all the growers that allowed the use of their farms and followed up properly all our indications • Mezzacorona Group managers for their continuous support on environmental friendly activities • TO Rizzoli Fabio (Mezzacorona Group CEO) for his precious stimulus on both day-to-day work and long term views … thank you for your the attention….