THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/25038 SHARE Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century DETAILS 174 pages | 6 x 9 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-47273-9 | DOI 10.17226/25038 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Alan Leshner and Layne Scherer, Editors; Committee on Revitalizing Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century; Board on Higher Education and Workforce; Policy and Global Affairs; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine FIND RELATED TITLES Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century Alan Leshner and Layne Scherer, Editors Committee on Revitalizing Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century Board on Higher Education and Workforce Policy and Global Affairs A Consensus Study Report of PREPUBLICATION COPY – UNEDITED PROOFS Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and the Burroughs Wellcome Fund (103932-4031), the Institute of Education Sciences (R305U160001), the National Science Foundation (1642408), and the Spencer Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project. Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25038 Additional copies of this publication are available for sale from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu. Copyright 2018 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Graduate STEM Education in the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/25038. PREPUBLICATION COPY – UNEDITED PROOFS Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org. PREPUBLICATION COPY – UNEDITED PROOFS Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task. Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies. For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo. PREPUBLICATION COPY – UNEDITED PROOFS Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century COMMITTEE ON REVITALIZING GRADUATE STEM EDUCATION FOR THE 21ST CENTURY Members ALAN LESHNER (Chair) [NAM], Chief Executive Officer, Emeritus, American Association for the Advancement of Science SHERILYNN BLACK, Assistant Professor of the Practice, Medical Education; Associate Vice Provost for Faculty Advancement; and Co-Principal Investigator, Duke University BioCoRE Program, Duke University MARY SUE COLEMAN [NAM], President, Association of American Universities JAIME CURTIS-FISK, Scientist and STEM Education Advocate, Dow Chemical Company KENNETH GIBBS, JR., Program Director, National Institute of General Medical Sciences MAUREEN GRASSO, Professor of Textile Sciences and Former Graduate School Dean, North Carolina State University SALLY MASON, President Emerita, University of Iowa MARY MAXON, Associate Laboratory Director for Biosciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory SUZANNE ORTEGA, President, Council of Graduate Schools CHRISTINE ORTIZ, Morris Cohen Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Founder, Station1 MELANIE ROBERTS, Director of State and Regional Affairs, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory HENRY SAUERMANN, Associate Professor of Strategy and Peter Pühringer Chair in Entrepreneurship, European School of Management and Technology, Berlin; Research Associate, National Bureau of Economic Research BARBARA ANNA SCHAAL [NAS], Dean of Arts and Sciences and Professor, Washington University in St. Louis SUBHASH SINGHAL [NAE], Battelle Fellow and Fuel Cells Director, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory KATE STOLL, Senior Policy Advisor, MIT Washington Office JAMES M. TIEN [NAE], Distinguished Professor and Dean Emeritus, University of Miami College of Engineering KEITH R. YAMAMOTO [NAM, NAS], Vice Chancellor for Science Policy and Strategy, Director of Precision Medicine, and, Professor of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco Study Staff LAYNE SCHERER, Study Director AUSTEN APPLEGATE, Senior Program Assistant TOM ARRISON, Program Director, Policy and Global Affairs ALLISON L. BERGER, Senior Program Assistant JAIME COLMAN, Senior Program Assistant (through November 2017) v PREPUBLICATION COPY – UNEDITED PROOFS Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century ADRIANA NAVIA COUREMBIS, Financial Officer MARIA LUND DAHLBERG, Program Officer, Board on Higher Education and Workforce ELIZABETH GARBEE, Christine Mirzayan Science and Technology Policy Fellow, Board on Higher Education and Workforce (January to April 2018) YASMEEN HUSSAIN, Christine Mirzayan Science and Technology Policy Fellow and Associate Program Officer, Board on Higher Education and Workforce (January to July 2017) JAY LABOV, Senior Advisor for Education and Communication FREDERIC LESTINA, Senior Program Assistant BARBARA NATALIZIO, Program Officer, Board on Higher Education and Workforce IRENE NGUN, Research Associate THOMAS RUDIN, Director, Board on Higher Education and Workforce Consultants JOSEPH ALPER, Writer MARGARET BLUME-KOHOUT, Visiting Professor in Economics, Colgate University JENNIFER LEBRÓN, Doctoral Student, Higher Education and International Education, George Mason University JESSICA ROBLES, Senior Research Associate, Research Triangle International ROBIN WISNIEWSKI, Director of Education Systems Improvement, Research Triangle International vi PREPUBLICATION COPY – UNEDITED PROOFS Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century BOARD ON HIGHER EDUCATION AND WORKFORCE Members RICHARD K. MILLER, Chair [NAE], President, Olin College of Engineering LAWRENCE D. BOBO [NAS], W.E.B. Du Bois Professor of the Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Harvard University ANGELA BYARS-WINSTON, Professor of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison JAIME CURTIS-FISK, Scientist and STEM Education Advocate, Dow Chemical Company