Linux From Scratch （简体中文版） 版本 9.0 发布时间 2019 年 9 月 1 日 项目创建者：Gerard Beekmans 总编：Bruce Dubbs 翻译：Linux 中国 - LCTT - LFS 翻译小组 Linux From Scratch （简体中文版）: 版本 9.0 : 发布时间 2019 年 9 月 1 日 by 项目创建者：Gerard Beekmans, 总编：Bruce Dubbs, and 翻译：Linux 中国 - LCTT - LFS 翻译小组 Copyright © 1999-2019 Gerard Beekmans Copyright © 1999-2019, Gerard Beekmans 版权所有。 本手册根据 Creative Commons License 授权。 手册中的计算机指令可根据 MIT License 摘录。 Linux® 为 Linus Torvalds 注册商标。 Linux From Scratch （简体中文版） - 版本 9.0 Table of Contents 序章 .................................................................................................................................................... vii i. 前言 ........................................................................................................................................... vii ii. 致读者 ...................................................................................................................................... vii iii. LFS 的目标架构 ........................................................................................................................ viii iv. LFS 和标准 .............................................................................................................................. viii v. 本书中的软件包逻辑 ................................................................................................................... ix vi. 前提条件 .................................................................................................................................. xiii vii. 排版约定 ................................................................................................................................. xiii viii. 本书结构 ................................................................................................................................ xiv ix. 勘误表 ..................................................................................................................................... xiv I. 介绍 .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1. 介绍 .......................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1. 如何构建 LFS 系统 ............................................................................................................ 2 1.2. 自上一版手册发布后的变更 ................................................................................................ 2 1.3. 更新日志 ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.4. 资源 ................................................................................................................................. 6 1.5. 帮助 ................................................................................................................................. 6 II. 准备构建 .......................................................................................................................................... 8 2. 准备宿主系统 ............................................................................................................................. 9 2.1. 简介 ................................................................................................................................. 9 2.2. 宿主系统要求 .................................................................................................................... 9 2.3. 分阶段构建 LFS ............................................................................................................... 12 2.4. 创建新分区 ..................................................................................................................... 12 2.5. 在分区上创建文件系统 ..................................................................................................... 13 2.6. 设置 $LFS 变量 ............................................................................................................... 14 2.7. 挂载新分区 ..................................................................................................................... 14 3. 软件包和补丁 ........................................................................................................................... 16 3.1. 简介 ............................................................................................................................... 16 3.2. 所有软件包 ..................................................................................................................... 16 3.3. 需要的补丁 ..................................................................................................................... 22 4. 最后的准备工作 ........................................................................................................................ 24 4.1. 简介 ............................................................................................................................... 24 4.2. 创建目录 $LFS/tools ....................................................................................................... 24 4.3. 添加 LFS 用户 ................................................................................................................. 24 4.4. 设置环境 ......................................................................................................................... 25 4.5. 关于 SBUs ...................................................................................................................... 25 4.6. 关于测试套件 .................................................................................................................. 26 5. 构建临时系统 ........................................................................................................................... 27 5.1. 简介 ............................................................................................................................... 27 5.2. 工具链技术说明 ............................................................................................................... 27 5.3. 通用编译指南 .................................................................................................................. 28 5.4. Binutils-2.32 - 第 1 遍 .................................................................................................... 30 5.5. GCC-9.2.0 - 第 1 遍 ........................................................................................................ 32 5.6. Linux-5.2.8 API 头文件 .................................................................................................... 34 5.7. Glibc-2.30 ....................................................................................................................... 35 5.8. GCC-9.2.0 中的 Libstdc++ ............................................................................................... 37 5.9. Binutils-2.32 - 第 2 遍 .................................................................................................... 38 5.10. GCC-9.2.0 - 第 2 遍 ...................................................................................................... 39 5.11. Tcl-8.6.9 ....................................................................................................................... 41 5.12. Expect-5.45.4 ................................................................................................................ 42 5.13. DejaGNU-1.6.2 .............................................................................................................. 43 5.14. M4-1.4.18 .................................................................................................................... 44 5.15. Ncurses-6.1 .................................................................................................................. 45 5.16. Bash-5.0 ....................................................................................................................... 46 5.17. Bison-3.4.1 ................................................................................................................... 47 5.18. Bzip2-1.0.8 ................................................................................................................... 48 5.19. Coreutils-8.31 ............................................................................................................... 49 5.20. Diffutils-3.7 ................................................................................................................... 50 iii Linux From Scratch （简体中文版） - 版本 9.0 5.21. File-5.37 ....................................................................................................................... 51 5.22. Findutils-4.6.0 ............................................................................................................... 52 5.23. Gawk-5.0.1 ................................................................................................................... 53 5.24. Gettext-0.20.1 ............................................................................................................... 54 5.25. Grep-3.3 ....................................................................................................................... 55 5.26. Gzip-1.10 ...................................................................................................................... 56 5.27. Make-4.2.1 ................................................................................................................... 57 5.28. Patch-2.7.6 ................................................................................................................... 58 5.29. Perl-5.30.0 ...................................................................................................................