Performing Energy Security Assessments — A How-To Guide for Federal Facility Managers ii Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ v 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Facilities to be Assessed...........................................................................................................................1 2. BEGINNING THE ENERGY SECURITY ASSESSMENT PROCESS ............................... 2 2.1 Assign an Energy Security Manager.........................................................................................................2 2.2 Define the Mission of the Installation ........................................................................................................2 2.3 Create an Energy Security Planning Board...............................................................................................2 2.4 Know the Process and Process Flow........................................................................................................2 2.5 Consider Sponsoring a Kickoff Meeting ....................................................................................................3 2.6 Anticipate Delays and Barriers..................................................................................................................3 3. CONDUCTING A VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT......................................................... 4 3.1 Identify Critical Sources of Energy ............................................................................................................5 3.1.1 Describe on-site and off-site electrical systems ..............................................................................5 3.1.2 Describe deliveries and storage of all fossil fuels ...........................................................................5 3.1.3 Define thermal requirements and applications................................................................................5 3.2 Identify Critical Facilities Based on Mission Accomplishment ...................................................................5 3.3 Make Note of Energy Sources On Site and Off Site .................................................................................6 3.4 Analyze Potential Threats .........................................................................................................................6 3.4.1 Consider the threat categories........................................................................................................7 3.4.2 Perform probabilistic vulnerability analysis .....................................................................................8 3.4.3 Estimate the duration of impact.......................................................................................................9 3.5 List Unacceptable Risks..........................................................................................................................10 4. ESTABLISHING THE ENERGY PREPAREDNESS AND OPERATIONS PLAN ............ 10 4.1 Define a “Plan B” for Continuing Operations ...........................................................................................10 4.2 Identify Contact Information for Emergency Resources..........................................................................10 4.3 Know What Functional Agreements Exist ...............................................................................................11 4.4 Inventory and Manage Emergency Generators ......................................................................................11 4.5 Describe the Training Plan......................................................................................................................12 4.6 Review Energy-Related Construction Projects .......................................................................................12 5. PREPARING A REMEDIAL ACTION PLAN .................................................................... 12 5.1 Identify Remedial Actions for Unacceptable Risks..................................................................................12 5.2 Address Project Lists from Prior Years ...................................................................................................14 5.3 Prepare a Remedial Action Plan .............................................................................................................15 5.4 Identify Alternatives for Funding Remediation Projects...........................................................................15 5.4.1 Funding based on project size ......................................................................................................15 5.4.2 Specific financing options .............................................................................................................16 5.4.3 Public-private energy ventures .....................................................................................................16 5.4.4 Streamlining and managing projects.............................................................................................19 5.4.5 FEMP project assistance ..............................................................................................................19 6. PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................................... 19 6.1 Decide Whether to Use Consultants .......................................................................................................19 6.2 Tailor the Product to Your Site’s Mission ................................................................................................20 6.3 Adjust the Approach to the Size of Your Installation ...............................................................................20 6.4 Maintain Ongoing Reviews and Updates ................................................................................................21 6.5 Assure Information Security....................................................................................................................21 7. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 21 Appendix A: Energy Security Plan in Compliance with DEPPM 92-1 [Template] iii iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As a facility or energy manager at a federal facility, • Identify critical energy requirements from on- you may find it necessary to conduct an energy site sources and off-site energy feeds. security assessment at your site to identify threats • Identify all significant potential threats from to your energy supply and ensure that a reliable natural phenomena, fires, accidents, equipment energy supply is always available to carry out failure, and intentional causes. critical functions. This guide presents a methodologies and approaches for conducting • Perform a probabilistic vulnerability analysis for energy security assessments at federal facilities. The all identified threat scenarios. guide draws from best practices and lessons learned • Derive both a best estimate and a maximum from experience gained by Oak Ridge National estimate of impact duration for all viable threat Laboratory (ORNL) in 2004 when it helped 16 scenarios while considering the availability of Southeast Regional Office Army installations repair crews in each case. develop their energy security plans. • Based on the results of the probabilistic This guide is designed to be flexible enough to vulnerability analysis, list unacceptable risks to accommodate the needs of the broad spectrum of be addressed by the remedial action plan. federal installations that will use it. The best practices and lessons learned that are summarized Energy Preparedness and Operations Plan in this executive summary are applicable to the • Brainstorm alternative plans for continued following: operation during energy outages. • Initiation of the energy security assessment • Prepare lists of personnel contact information process for energy emergencies. • Vulnerability assessment • Know what functional agreements exist for • Energy preparedness and operations plan emergency support. • Remedial action plan • Inventory and manage emergency generators, both fixed and portable. • Management and implementation • Describe the training plan for staff operations Getting Started during an energy emergency. • Assign an energy security manager to lead the • Review prior and current energy-related energy security program at the site. construction projects for the site. • Create an energy security planning board to Remedial Action Plan provide site expertise and facility data and to make decisions. (This may not be applicable to • Brainstorm plans for remedial actions to small sites.) address unacceptable risks while relying on site experts, consultants, facility surveys, and/or • Consider the site’s mission and function as a new technologies. (At small facilities, site guide during the assessment. experts may make these determinations.) • Understand the energy security assessment • Carry over projects identified during prior years program process and the process flow. if the need and priority remain. • Sponsor a kickoff meeting to establish ground • Prepare a remedial action plan that includes rules, orient analysts or consultants, and foster top-priority and/or budgeted projects. cooperation between all site organizations. (This may not be applicable