Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924002990178 S>tate College of ^srtculture 3t Cornell Winibetiit^ Stbata, M. S- ilibrarp DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES 'GEOLOGICAL SUKVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Bulletin 419 ANALYSES OF ROCKS AND MINERALS FROM THE LABORATORY OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURYEY 1880 TO 1908 TABULATED BY F. W. CLARKE, Chief Chemist WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1910 CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 1 The average composition of rocks 4 Analyses of igneous and crystalline rocks 13 Maine 13 1, Rocks from Aroostook County 13 2. Miscellaneous rocks 14 New Hampshire 15 Vermont 15 1. Rocks of Mount Ascutney 15 2. Miscellaneous rocks 17 Massachusetts 18 1. Magnesian rocks 18 2. Amphibolite 19 3. Miscellaneous rocks 21 Connecticut 24 New York 26 1. Rocks of the Adirondack region 26 2. Miscellaneous rocks 27 New Jersey 28 Pennsylvania 29 Maryland and the District of Columbia 30 1. Peridotite and pyroxenite 30 2. Gabbro and diorite 31 3. Granite and gneiss 33 4. Miscellaneous rocks 34 Virginia 35 North Carolina 36 Georgia 38 Kentucky 38 1. illliott County dike 38 2. Crittenden County dike 39 Tennessee 40 Missouri 40 Arkansas - 41 Oklahoma 41 Texas 41 Lake Superior region 45 1. Marquette region, Michigan 45 2. Crystal Falls district, Michigan 46 3. Keweenaw Point, Michigan 48 4. Menominee River 48 Sturgeon Falls gabbro 48 Lower Quinnesec Falls 49 Upper Quinnesec Falls 49 Schist from the Aragon iron mine 50 in . IV CONTENTS. Analyses of igneous and crystalline rocks—Continued. Lake Superior region—Continued. Page. 5. Penokee-Gogebic region 50 6. Pigeon Point, Minnesota 51 7. Mesabi district, Minnesota 54 8. Miscellaneous rocks from Minnesota 55 South Dakota 57 Wyoming 57 Yellowstone National Park and the Absaroka Range 60 1. Electric Peak 60 2. Sepulchre Mountain 62 3. Absaroka Range 63 Crandall Basin 63 Sunlight intrusives 65 Ishawooa intrusives 65 Dikes in breccia 66 4. Absarokite-shoshonite-banakite series 67 5. Miscellaneous rocks 70 Montana 74 1. Madison and Gallatin valleys 74 2. Butte district 77 3. Boulder batholith - . 79 4. Crazy Mountains 80 5. Little Belt Mountains 83 6. Castle Mountain district 86 7. Highwood Mountains 87 8. Little Rocky Mountains 90 9. Bearpaw Mountains 90 10. Elkhom mining district 92 11. Bitterroot Range 93 12. Marysville district 93 13. Livingston quadrangle 94 14. Philipsburg quadrangle 95 Idaho 95 Colorado 98 1. Denver Basin 98 2. Pikes Peak district 99 Granite 99 Rocks of Cripple Creek district 100 Miscellaneous rocks 103 3. Silver Cliff and Rosita 104 4. Buffalo Peaks 108 5. Leadville region 108 6 Tenmile district 109 7. Elk Mountains Ill 8 West Elk Mountains Ill 9. La Plata Mountains 112 10. Silverton quadrangle 113 11. Ouray quadrangle 114 12. Telluride quadrangle 115 13. Miscellaneous rocks 115 Utah 118 1. Tintic district 118 2. Henry Mountains 119 . CONTENTS. V Analyses of igneous and crystalline rocks—("ontinued. Utah —Continued. Page. 3. Bingham district 120 4. La Sal Mountains 120 5. Park City district 121 6. Miscellaneous rocks 122 New Mexico 122 1. Basalts from the Rio Grande Canyon 123 2. Mount Taylor region 123 3. Colfax County 123 4. Miscellaneous rocks ; 124 Arizona 125 1. Globe district 125 2. Bradshaw Mountains quadrangle 126 3. Morenci district 127 4. Miscellaneous rocks 127 Nevada 129 1. Tonopah district 129 2. Goldfield district 130 3 . Bullfrog district 132 4. Miscellaneous rocks 132 California 135 1. Mount Shasta 135 .~ 2. Lassen Peak region. 138 Rhyolites 138 Dacites and andesites 139 Basalts 142 3. Plumas County 144 4. Butte County 146 5. Sierra County 147 6. Nevada City and Grass Valley 149 7. Placer County 150 8 Eldorado County 152 9. Amador County 152 10. Calaveras County - 154 11. Tuolumne County 154 12. Mariposa County 157 13. The quicksilver region 160 14. Mount Diablo 161 15. Miscellaneous rocks 163 Oregon 166 1. Basalt, Mount Thielsen 166 2. Riddles quadrangle 166 3. Crater Lake 168 4. Port Orford quadrangle 169 5. Miscellaneous rocks 171 Washington 172 1. Mount Stuart quadrangle 172 2. Snoqualmie quadrangle 173 3. Miscellaneous rocks 174 Alaska 174 1. Douglas Island 174 2. Copper River Basin 175 3. Miscellaneous rocks 176 .. VI CONTENTS. Analyses of igneous and crystalline rocks—Continued. Page. British Columbia 178 Hawaiian Islands 178 Guatemala 179 West Indies 179 Brazil 180 Tasmania 181 Analyses of sandstones, cherts, and sinters 132 Sandstones from Eastern States 182 Sandstones from Michigan, Wisconsin, and Iowa 182 Sandstones from Ohio 183 Sandstones from Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, and Arkansas 183 Sandstones from Kansas 183 Sandstones from Colorado, Utah, and Arizona 184 Sandstones from California 185 1. Mount Diablo 185 2. Shasta County 185 3. Sulphur Bank 186 Chert 186 Siliceous sinters 187 Analyses of carbonate rocks 189 Maine and Vermont 189 Massachusetts 189 New York : 190 Pennsylvania 190 Maryland 190 Virginia and West Virginia 191 North Carolina and South Carolina 191 Georgia 192 Florida -.--.. 192 1. Coral and shell rocks 192 2. Misce'.laneous rocks 193 Kentucky 194 Tennessee, Alabama, and Louisiana 194 Mississippi 195 Texas 195 Ohio 195 Indiana 197 Missouri 197 Kansas 197 Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Canada 198 South Dakota and Wyoming 200 Yellowstone National Park 201 Montana 202 . Idaho. 202 Colorado 203 1 Denver Basin 203 2. Leadville district 203 3. Fairplay, Park County 204 4. Pitkin County 204 5. Glenwood Springs 205 6 Tenmile district 205 7. Rico district 206 Utah 206 OONTENTa. VII Analyses of carbonate rocks—Continued. Page. Arizona 208 Nevada and California 208 Oregon 208 Hawaiian Islands 208 Analyses of slates and shales 211 Vermont 211 New York 212 Pennsylvania 213 Kentucky, Georgia, and Alabama 214 Ohio 214 Michigan 214 Wisconsin 215 Minnesota 215 Colorado 216 New Mexico 217 Arizona 217 California 217 Analyses of clays, soils, etc 219 Maine 219 Massachusetts 219 Connecticut 220 New York and Pennsylvania 220 Maryland 221 Mrginia and North Carolina 222 South Carolina and Georgia 222 Florida 222 Alabama and Mississippi 223 Kentucky and Tennessee 224 Illinois, Iowa, and Minnesota 224 Wisconsin 225 Missouri and Arkansas 225 South Dakota and Wyoming 227 Colorado 227 Idaho and Utah 229 New Mexico and Arizona 229 Nevada 230 California, Washington, and Hawaiian Islands 230 Oceanic clays 231 Analyses of meterorites 232 Stony meteorites 232 1. Rockwood, Tennessee 232 2. Hamblen County, Tennessee 232 3. Allegan, Michigan 233 4. Winnebago County, Illinois 233 5. Taney County, Missouri 234 6. Washington County, Kansas 234 7. Kiowa County, Kansas 235 8. Travis County, Texas 235 9. Bluff, Fayette County, Texas 236 10. San Bernardino County, California 237 11. Beaver Creek, British Columbia 237 12. Llano del Inca, Chile 238 Meteoric iron 239 VIII CONTENTS. Page. Analyses of minerals 241 I. Native elements 241 Gold 241 Josephinite 241 II. Sulphides and arsenides 242 Bismuthinite 242 Metacinnabarite 242 Covellite 242 Polydymite 242 Stromeyerite 243 Sulphide of silver, copper, and zinc 243 Lollingite 244 Arsenopyrite 244 Glaucodot 244 Patronite 245 Enargite 245 Cuprobismutite 245 Zinkenite 245 Warrenite 246 Cosalite -- 246 Freieslebenite 246 Bournonite 246 Tetrahedrite 246 Guitermanite 247 III. Tellurides 247 Hesaite 247 Petzite 247 Sylvanite 247 Calaverite 247 Melomte 248 Tetradymite 248 Goldfieldite 248 IV. Chlorides and fluorides 249 Halite 249 Embolite 249 Terlinguaite 249 Eglestonite 249 Kleinite 249 Fluorite 250 Cryolite 250 Pachnolite 250 Elpasolite 250 Gearksutite 251 Prosopite 251 Tysonite 251 V. Oxides and hydroxides 252 Manganosite 252 Montroydite 252 Spinel 252 Gahnite 252 Magnetite 253 Franklinite 253 Chromite 253 CONTENTS. IX l*ag& Analyses of minerals—Continued. v. Oxides and hydroxides—Continued. Rutile 253 Diaspore , 253 Bauxite 254 Brucite 254 Psilomelane 254 Hetserolite 254 Coronadite 255 VI. Carbonates 255 Calcite 255 Dolomite 255 Smithsonite 256 Tengerite 256 Bastnafiite 256 Urao •. 256 VII. Silicates 257 Petalite 257 Orthoclase and microcline 257 Albite 258 Anorthite 259 Soda-lime feldspars 259 Leucite 260 Enstatite 260 Hypersthene 261 Pyroxene 261 .Egirite 263 Jadeite 264 Wollastonite 264 Pectolite 264 Amphibole 264 Beryl : 267 Nephelite 267 Cancrinite 268 Sodalite 268 Zunyite '- 269 Garnet 269 Chrysolite 270 Willemite -' 270 FriedeUte 271 Mizzonite 271 Vesuvianite 271 Zoiflite 272 Epidote 272 Piedmontite : 272 Allanite 273 Prehnite 273 Topaz 273 SUlimanite ' 274 Kyanite - 274 Ilvaite 274 Calamine 274 Lawsonite 274 X CONTENTS. Analyses of minerals—Continued. Page. VII. Silicates—Continued. Staurolite 275 Gadolinite 275 Yttrialite 275 Rowlandite 276 Macldntoshite 276 Cyrtolite 276 Danburite 277 Datolite 277 Axinite 277 Dumortierite 277 Tourmaluie 278 Lithia tourmaline 278 Magnesian and iron tourmaline 279 Gyrolite 281 Apophyllite 281 Ptilolite 282 Heulandite 282 Stilbite 282 Laumontite 283 Chabazite 283 Levynite 283 Analcite 283 Natrolite 284 Scolecite -...'. 284 Mesolite 285 Thomsonite 285 Hydronephelite 285 Muscovite '. 285 Lepidolite 287 Cookeite 288 Cryophyllite 288 Biotite 288 Phlogopite 289 Lepidomelane 290 RoscoeUte 290 Margarite 291 Ohloritoid 291 Xanthophyllite 291 The vermiculites 291 Clinochlore 293 Prochlorite 294 Serpentine 294 Genthite 295 Talc 295 Meerschaum 295 Glauconite 296 Eaolinite 296 Halloysite 296 Oimolite 297 Pyrophyllite 297 Bementite 297 Morencite 298 Bole 298 (jOJNTJBJisrs. XI Analyses