From Tradigital to Shinkyuu Art: A fusion of analogue and computer- generated art summoned through the colour blue By Thi Ngoc-Anh (Annie) Nguyen Thesis Submitted to Flinders University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy College of Education, Psychology and Social Work May 2021 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................... 2 TABLE OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................. 6 TABLE OF TABLES ............................................................................................................... 9 DECLARATION ....................................................................................................................11 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...................................................................................................... 12 GLOSSARY .......................................................................................................................... 13 ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... 16 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 17 THE SHAPE OF THIS DOCTORATE .................................................................................................. 17 SHINKYUU – A DEFINITION ........................................................................................................... 18 Discovering Shinkyuu ............................................................................................................. 18 Shinkyuu as Shinkyuu Art ....................................................................................................... 19 Personal Relevance of Shinkyuu Art ....................................................................................... 19 ART ............................................................................................................................................. 20 Personal Impetus for Art ........................................................................................................ 20 Art Culture and Value ............................................................................................................. 22 PERSONAL INSPIRATION WITH THE COLOUR BLUE ....................................................................... 23 SHINKYUU ART METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................. 23 The Shinkyuu Art Model ........................................................................................................ 26 AIMS ............................................................................................................................................ 27 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ................................................................................................................ 27 ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION TO KNOWLEDGE ................................................................................. 28 IMPLICATIONS ............................................................................................................................. 29 SIGNIFICANCE .............................................................................................................................. 29 ARTS RESEARCH METHODS .......................................................................................................... 30 Arts-Research Methods Defined ............................................................................................. 33 3 Practice-Based Research Methods ......................................................................................... 34 Practice-Based Research Application...................................................................................... 35 THE AUTOETHNOGRAPHY METHOD ............................................................................................ 37 Shinkyuu Art Culture ............................................................................................................. 38 <-> ARTEFACTS <-> JOURNALS <-> EXEGESIS <-> ......................................................................... 38 EXHIBITION .................................................................................................................................. 41 CHAPTER 1: ART <-> STYLE ............................................................................................... 43 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................... 43 The Evolving Nature of “Art” .................................................................................................. 43 Tradigital ................................................................................................................................ 46 Contemporary Tradigital Art as Shinkyuu Art ...................................................................... 58 Shinkyuu Art Visual Examples ............................................................................................... 59 CHAPTER 2: BLUE ............................................................................................................. 69 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................... 69 History of Colour.................................................................................................................... 70 History of Blue........................................................................................................................ 70 Blue Colourant History .......................................................................................................... 79 Present Day Blues................................................................................................................... 93 Art Inspiration – Initial Influences ........................................................................................ 96 Art Inspiration – Introduced Influences................................................................................ 102 Blue Popularity ...................................................................................................................... 108 Absence of Blue ...................................................................................................................... 110 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH DESIGN ..................................................................................... 112 METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................................... 112 Practice-Based Research ........................................................................................................ 112 Creative Process ..................................................................................................................... 113 Autoethnography ................................................................................................................... 116 4 Limitations ............................................................................................................................. 119 Ethics ..................................................................................................................................... 120 CHAPTER 4: AUTOETHNOGRAPHY ................................................................................ 121 INITIAL REFLECTIONS .................................................................................................................. 121 Initial Definition .................................................................................................................... 124 Successful Shinkyuu Art? ...................................................................................................... 124 STUDIES ...................................................................................................................................... 126 Ink (Study) ............................................................................................................................. 126 Sun Exposure (original My Hair is Dayflower) ..................................................................... 127 Fade ....................................................................................................................................... 128 My Hair is Dayflower (Printed) on Dayflower Paper and Water Pressed (final) ................. 130 After-Image ........................................................................................................................... 130 Nano-structure ....................................................................................................................... 131 Frame by Frame Paintings ..................................................................................................... 131 Other Pigments and Dyes ..................................................................................................... 132 ARTEFACTS ................................................................................................................................ 132 Names (Study) ....................................................................................................................... 133 Bluetiful (Study) ...................................................................................................................