FEBRUARY 2014 FOOD SECURITY AND LIVELIHOODS ASSESMENT REPORT LEYTE AND EASTERN SAMAR; PHILIPPINES Conducted by ACTED’s Appraisal, Monitoring and Evaluation Unit Table of Contents 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 2. BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Introduction to the Assessment .............................................................................................................................. 6 2.2 Key Assessment Objectives ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Assessment Methodology ....................................................................................................................................... 6 2.4 Population and Sample ........................................................................................................................................... 7 3. KEY FINDINGS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 8 3.1 Demographics ......................................................................................................................................................... 8 3.1.1 Household Composition ......................................................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Key Household Economic Indicators ....................................................................................................................... 9 3.2.1 Persons Involved in Income Generation at Household Level ................................................................................ 9 3.2.2 Main Sources of Household Income ...................................................................................................................... 9 3.2.3 Average Monthly Household Income .................................................................................................................. 11 3.2.4 Regularity of Income ............................................................................................................................................ 13 3.2.5 Average Monthly Household Expenses ............................................................................................................... 13 3.3 Food Security and Food Consumption Status ....................................................................................................... 14 3.3.1 General Food Availability and Market Accessibility ............................................................................................. 14 3.3.2 Household Food Consumption ............................................................................................................................ 15 3.4 Livelihood Recovery and Support ......................................................................................................................... 18 3.4.1 Household Economic Vulnerabilities and Risks ................................................................................................... 18 3.4.2 Personal Assets .................................................................................................................................................... 19 3.4.3 Community Assets and Infrastructure .......................................................................................................... 19 3.4.4 Assistances Received by Other Actors .......................................................................................................... 20 4. CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CHALLENGES ................................................................................................ 21 4.1 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................................... 21 4.2 Recommendations ................................................................................................................................................ 22 4.3 Limitations and Challenges ................................................................................................................................... 22 2 | Food Security and Livelihood Reconstruction Needs Assessment - ACTED List of Figures Figure 1: Population Disagregated by Age & Gender ............................................................................................................8 Figure 2: Households with Vulnerable Persons .....................................................................................................................8 Figure 3: Level of Education .................................................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 4: Persons involved in income generation BEFORE ............... ..................................................................................... 9 Figure 5: Persons involved in income generation AFTER ......................................................................................................9 Figure 6: Main Sources of Income ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Figure 7: Monthly Average HH Income BEFORE .................................................................................................................12 Figure 8: Monthly Average HH Income AFTER .....................................................................................................................12 Figure 9: Monthly Average HH Income - Eastern Samar................. ..................................................................................... 13 Figure 10: Monthly Average HH Income – Leyte .................................................................................................................13 Figure 11: Monthly Household Expenses .............................................................................................................................. 14 Figure 12: Types of Markets .................................................................................................................................................. 15 Figure 13: Household Food Consumption ............................................................................................................................ 16 Figure 14: Food Security Status ............................................................................................................................................ 17 Figure 15: Main Coping Strategies for Food ......................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 16: Community Perceptions on Risks and Challenges ............................................................................................... 18 List of Tables Table 1: Population and Sample ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Table 2: Main Sources of Income .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Table 3: Monthly Household Expenses ................................................................................................................................. 13 Table 4: Household Food Consumption ................................................................................................................................ 15 Table 5: Poverty and Food Thresholds .................................................................................................................................. 18 3 | Food Security and Livelihood Reconstruction Needs Assessment - ACTED 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Typhoon Haiyan, was one of the strongest storms to ever make landfall, hitting a number of provinces of the Philippines on 8th November 2013, including Leyte and Eastern Samar which were amongst the worst affected. The impact on agriculture livelihoods and fisheries sectors was extremely high. In order to inform the organization’s future programmatic strategy in terms of food security and livelihood reconstruction programming, ACTED’s Appraisal Monitoring & Evaluation Unit (AMEU) conducted an assessment targeting 16 municipalities in Leyte and Eastern Samar provinces that were heavily affected, and where still considerably higher gaps exist. The assessment aims to provide an overview of food security situation as well as to assess the needs for livelihood reconstruction. Demographics related to both Eastern Samar and Leyte families show similarities between the two groups. Around 44% of overall population consisted of children below 18 years, 65% households had at least one child below age 5, 38% of households were found to have some type of vulnerable persons in their families; pointing to a huge dependency ratio vis-à-vis economically active household members. 33% of households had nobody earning some income during post disaster situation. Sources of household income have been significantly