Final Report Environmental Status Report of Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation 2013-14 Environmental Status Report of Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation 2013-14 Foreword The environment is what sustains us, and thus maintaining its quality is of direct importance to the quality of our lives. Over time, it has been observed that in most of the urban areas, air quality and water are the most affected resources. Anthropogenic activities, population explosion and increasing demand for natural resources leads to exploitation and degradation of the environment. In this background an ESR (Environmental Status Report) is a wholesome tool that gives a complete picture of the status of the resources in a city. Although NMMC (Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation) has been documenting an ESR for more than 14 years, this year we are glad to present the report in the DPSIR (Drivers, Pressure, Status, Impacts, and Responses), framework as endorsed by the MPCB (Maharashtra Pollution Control Board), Government of Maharashtra, guidelines released in 2009. Also the report documents baseline EPI (Environmental Performance Index) and the municipal level carbon footprint for NMMC area. A dedicated section has been presented on the budgetary allocation made by the corporation specifically for the environment related infrastructure and activities. In the year 2012, NMMC has launched the Eco-City Program with TERI (The Energy and Resources Institute), through which it aspires to undertake concrete sector specific initiatives which shall primarily aim at reducing the overall carbon foot print of the city and also various strategies to be implemented at residential, industrial and commercial sector which would have long term positive implications. Since the program is target oriented we shall soon execute the action plan with dedicated efforts. A special budget for the next financial year has already been allotted for the same as NMMC truly aspires to become the first Eco-City of the country. Also, NMMC has been taking a lot of pro-environment initiatives to sustainably manage the resources of the city. Some of the flagship initiatives include the lake vision project, scientific closure of landfill site at Koparkhairne and Cell- I & Cell-II at Turbhe, reuse of sewage treated water for irrigation at recreational gardens, mechanical road sweeping to restrain the spread of suspended particulate matter and so on. The highlights of the year 2013-14 include that, the NMMC was awarded with the National Urban Water Award 2011 for contracting Operation and Maintenance services by Central Government of India. Further, NMMC is proud to move into a new head quarter which is a ―Green Building‖, thus setting a role model for others to follow. The building has also bagged 3 records registered in LIMCA books for three features of the building 1.longest post tension beam slab, 2. largest glass reinforced concrete dome and 3. the tallest flag pole for the national flag. This report has identified some areas where NMMC needs to take action especially for reducing the air pollution in terms of NOx and PM (Particulate Matter), water pollution in the Nallahs and holding ponds, water supply to the city which is currently 1.8 times higher than the service level benchmark and so on. Also the NMMC would like to focus on conservation of decentralised resources like wells and further keep strict vigilance on the lakes and water bodies under the Lake Vision project. Appropriate waste to energy technologies would be promoted and implemented to effectively manage the solid waste of the city in the near future. I believe that this report shall be a useful tool not only for the corporation but also for the citizens of Navi Mumbai and we shall always aspire to enhance the performance of the corporation. Shri. A. L. Jarhad I.A.S Municipal Commissioner, NMMC Environmental Status Report of Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation 2013-14 Contents FOREWORD ..................................................................................................................................... V LIST OF AWARDS RECEIVED BY NMMC ..................................................................................... 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... 3 ENVIRONMENTAL INDICES FOR NAVI MUMBAI ........................................................................ 9 Environmental Performance Index ............................................................................. 10 Carbon Footprint Estimation ........................................................................................ 11 Eco City Program ........................................................................................................... 11 NAVI MUMBAI - CITY PROFILE .................................................................................................. 13 Location .................................................................................................................................. 13 Demography.......................................................................................................................... 15 Climate ................................................................................................................................... 15 Connectivity .................................................................................................................... 17 DRIVERS ........................................................................................................................................ 19 Population growth................................................................................................................ 19 Industrial and Commercial growth ................................................................................... 20 Agriculture Produce Market Complex (APMC), Vashi ............................................ 22 International InfoTech Park (IIP), Vashi ..................................................................... 23 Urbanization and spatial growth ....................................................................................... 24 AIR QUALITY ................................................................................................................................ 27 Status ...................................................................................................................................... 29 Air Quality Monitoring Network ................................................................................ 29 Inter Station Analysis .................................................................................................... 34 Air Quality Index ........................................................................................................... 41 Pressures ................................................................................................................................ 44 Vehicular Growth .......................................................................................................... 44 Fuel Consumption in NMMC ...................................................................................... 47 Impact ..................................................................................................................................... 49 Response ................................................................................................................................ 50 Noise Pollution ..................................................................................................................... 51 WATER RESOURCES ..................................................................................................................... 55 Status of Water Resources ................................................................................................... 55 Surface Water .................................................................................................................. 55 Ground Water ................................................................................................................. 62 Water Resource Management ............................................................................................. 64 Water Supply (Network)............................................................................................... 64 Sewerage Network and Public toilets ......................................................................... 69 Environmental Status Report of Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation 2013-14 Storm water Management ............................................................................................ 73 Pressure and Impacts ........................................................................................................... 78 Increase in demand for water supply ......................................................................... 78 Distribution losses and Leakages ................................................................................ 79 Release of Sewage and industrial effluents ................................................................ 80 Illegal dumping of debris and other waste in water bodies .................................... 81 Silting of holding ponds ................................................................................................ 83 LAND RESOURCE ........................................................................................................................