2006:13 MASTER'S THESIS 3G Mobile Communication Services Perspective Nauman Aftab Ammar Iqbal Luleå University of Technology Master Thesis, Continuation Courses Computer and Systems Science Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences Division of Information Systems Sciences 2006:13 - ISSN: 1653-0187 - ISRN: LTU-PB-EX--06/13--SE 3G Mobile Communication – Services Perspective Comparisons and Implementation Analysis of 3G Services against two 3G Standards Submitted by: Ammar Iqbal Nauman Aftab Submitted to: Yinru Chen Submission Date: 27th January 2006 Abstract The transition from the 2nd Generation (2G) of mobile cellular networks to the 3rd Generation (3G) was motivated by the introduction of multimedia services. More specifically, the convergence of mobile technologies and Internet allows compelling possibilities for future applications due to the new advancement, constantly growing and personalized services in the mobile communication. There are a lot of standards which support the 3G services and these services make the people’s life convenient. Our research objective is to compare the 3G services against 3G standards which we focus on the two most popular standards i.e. WCDMA & CDMA2000. The implementation discussion of one of services which we choose Location Based Services is also our research objective. In order to fulfil the research objective, we firstly choose Mobility category among the 3G services, i.e. Rich Voice, Content Connectivity and Mobility. We believe that Mobility will be the most significant services because of it’s personalize nature, e.g. Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS), Customised Infotainment and Location Based Services (LBS). We then compare and analyze Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS), Customised Infotainment and Location Based Services (LBS) against the two 3G standards, i.e.WCDMA & CDMA2000 to show that these two standards are serving the three services. The implementation of Location Based Services is discussed based on the four methods Cell-ID, Observed Timer Difference of Arrival, Wireless Assisted-GPS and Hybrid Technology. Latest and advanced services are only deployed through 3G mobile communication. This study is an effort made to give a deep and detailed understanding of 3G services and implementation of Location Based Service. We think that 3G services on WCDMA network will have edge in future as that it gives the backward compatibility of GSM which deployed around 70% world wide. Acknowledgment All praises to Almighty ALLAH, the most merciful and compassionate, who enable us to complete this thesis. We would like to extend our heartfelt gratitude and appreciation to our families especially our loving parents, whose support and encouraging words made us sail smoothly through our difficult times. We are very gratified to our supervisor Yinru Chen for her invaluable advices and her subtle directions of our efforts throughout the whole research work. She appreciated our work in a precise manner and gives us time whenever we want. We never forget her ginger cookies which she gave us when we are very tired from our work. We confer special thanks to Svante on as our assistant supervisor and we appreciate his changes, at that time we were very disappointed but after some time we felt that he show us the right direction. We would also thankful to Syed Asif Hussain Shah, Core Network Consultant 3G Networks, from Ericsson Ireland for technical support in the thesis work. I, Ammar Iqbal thankful to my parents whose extreme love, endeavor support, intense care and ultimate backup enable me to do my Master’s on high node. I also would like to share my love with my nephews (Aqsa and Amna). I miss them a lot but their voices make me stronger towards doing my Master. I, Nauman Aftab would like to take this chance to extend my deepest gratitude to my parents for providing me the skills of life and ever lasting encouragement during this period of hard work. The thesis would have not been possible without the contribution of people associated with the telecommunication industry that has helped us. I would like to thank you Yinru Chen, every teacher and every member of the System Science Department for their continuous support and encouragement throughout the System Science program. Table of Contents CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Aim of Study ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Research Questions and Approachs ..................................................................................... 5 1.4 Delimitations ........................................................................................................................ 9 1.5 Disposition of the Thesis...................................................................................................... 9 CHAPTER 2. RELATED WORK ................................................................................................. 12 2.1 Evolution of Wireless Industry .......................................................................................... 13 2.2 Quality of Service............................................................................................................... 20 2.3 Attributes of Services ......................................................................................................... 21 CHAPTER 3. 3G Services .............................................................................................................. 26 3.1 Data Services...................................................................................................................... 26 3.2 Voice Services ................................................................................................................... 32 CHAPTER 4. Two Standards of 3G Technologies ...................................................................... 34 4.1 W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) ................................................... 35 4.2 CDMA2000 (Code Division Multiple Access) .................................................................. 36 4.3 3G Spectrum ...................................................................................................................... 38 CHAPTER 5. Comparison and Analysis of 3G Services Against Two Standards .................. 41 5.1 Multimedia Messaging Services ........................................................................................ 42 5.2 Location Based Services .................................................................................................... 51 5.3 Customised Infotainment ................................................................................................... 58 CHAPTER 6. Implementation Discussion & Analysis of LBS .................................................. 63 6.1 Key Requirements ............................................................................................................. 63 6.2 Cell-ID (Cell Site Identification) ....................................................................................... 64 6.3 Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) .............................................................. 65 6.4 Wireless Assisted - GPS..................................................................................................... 67 6.5 Hybrid Technology ............................................................................................................ 70 CHAPTER 7. Discussions .............................................................................................................. 72 CHAPTER 8. Conclusion and Future Work ................................................................................ 75 8.1 Comparitive Review of the WCDMA and CDMA2000 ................................................... 75 8.2 Technology Suitable for the 3G ........................................................................................ 76 8.3 Future Work ....................................................................................................................... 79 REFERNCES .................................................................................................................................. 80 List of Figures Figure 1.1 Total 3G Subscribers Worldwide till 2005 and beyond .................................................... 3 Figure 1.2 Worldwide Market Selection For 3G Services................................................................... 4 Figure 2.1 Adoption of GSM in West Europe and Worldwide till 2005........................................... 15 Figure 2.2 Five Radio Interfaces Based On Three Technologies ...................................................... 19 Figure 2.3 Vignettes from 3G Future ................................................................................................ 24 Figure 3.1 Data Services Categories ................................................................................................. 26 Figure 3.2 UMTS Location Based Service ....................................................................................... 31 Figure 4.1 CDMA Standards Evolution ............................................................................................ 37 Figure 4.2 European