MSP-LSI – Maritime Spatial Planning and Land-Sea Interactions Targeted Analysis Version: 20/02/2020 Final Case Study Report: Netherlands This targeted analysis activity is conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The ESPON EGTC is the Single Beneficiary of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme. The Single Operation within the programme is implemented by the ESPON EGTC and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, the EU Member States and the Partner States, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. This delivery does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the ESPON 2020 Monitoring Committee. Authors Sue Kidd, Stephen Jay, Hannah Jones, Leonnie Robinson, Dave Shaw – University of Liverpool (UK) Marta Pascual, Diletta Zonta, Ecorys (Belgium) Katrina Abhold, Ina Kruger , Katriona McGlade, Ecologic Institute (Germany) Dania Abdhul Malak, Antonio Sanchez, University of Malaga (Spain) Advisory Group Project Steering Group: Holger Janssen, Ministry of Energy, Infrastructure and Digitalization Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany (Lead Stakeholder); Lenca Humerca-Solar,Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning, Directorate Spatial Planning, Construction and Housing, Slovenia, Katarzyna Krzwda & Agata Zablocka, Ministry of Maritime Economy and Inland Navigation, Department for Maritime Economy, Poland, Sandra Momcilovic, Ministry of Construction and Physical Planning, Croatia, Katharina Ermenger and Gregor Forschbach, Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, Division G 31 European Spatial Development Policy and Territorial Cohesion, Germany, Lodewijk Abspoel, Ministry for Infrastructure and Water Management, Netherlands. ESPON EGTC Michaela Gensheimer, Senior Project Expert, Johannes Kiersch, Financial Expert Version 20/02/2020 Information on ESPON and its projects can be found on www.espon.eu. The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This delivery exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON, 2020 Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON EGTC in Luxembourg. Contact: [email protected] Case Study Report: Netherlands MSP-LSI – Maritime Spatial Planning and Land-Sea Interactions Table of contents List of Maps ................................................................................................................................. i List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. ii Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. iii 1 Main highlights and executive summary ........................................................................... 1 1.1 Governance Analysis ................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Spatial Planning on Land ................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 Spatial Planning for the Sea ............................................................................ 1 1.1.3 Addressing LSI ................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Value Chain Analysis ................................................................................................ 2 1.2.1 Maritime Transport of Cargo ............................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Offshore wind energy ....................................................................................... 2 2 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Case study context .................................................................................................... 3 2.2 LSI Scoping for MSP/Territorial Planning in the Netherlands ................................... 5 2.3 General context of case study area and focal sectors .............................................. 8 2.4 Spatial Planning Governance and LSI ...................................................................... 9 2.4.1 Spatial Planning in Netherlands ....................................................................... 9 2.4.2 The system of Maritime Spatial Planning in the Netherlands ........................ 15 2.5 Stakeholder Involvement ......................................................................................... 21 3 Value Chain Analysis ...................................................................................................... 22 3.1 Maritime transport of Cargo in the Netherlands ...................................................... 22 3.1.1 Developing the Value Chain - methodological clarifications .......................... 22 3.1.2 Key characteristics of maritime transport of cargo in the Netherlands .......... 24 3.1.3 Framework conditions affecting maritime transport of cargo in the Netherlands .................................................................................................... 29 3.1.3.1 International, national and sub-national governance ...................... 29 3.1.3.2 Economic framework conditions ..................................................... 31 3.1.4 Key actors of the maritime transport of cargo in the Netherlands ................. 35 3.1.5 Tailoring the maritime transport of cargo value chain .................................... 37 3.1.6 Statistical information on the sector ............................................................... 38 3.1.7 Identification of Land-Sea Interactions of maritime transport of cargo in the Netherlands .................................................................................................... 45 Offshore Wind Energy in the Netherlands ....................................................................... 47 3.1.8 Developing the Value Chain - methodological clarifications .......................... 47 3.1.9 Key characteristics of offshore wind energy in the Netherlands .................... 48 3.1.10 Framework conditions affecting the production of offshore wind energy in the Netherlands .............................................................................................. 55 3.1.10.1 International, national and sub-national governance .................... 55 3.1.10.2 Economic framework conditions ................................................... 56 3.1.11 Key actors in the offshore wind energy value chain ................................... 59 3.1.12 Tailoring the Offshore Wind Energy Value Chain ....................................... 61 3.1.13 Statistical information on the sector ............................................................ 62 3.1.14 Identification of land-sea interactions of offshore wind energy in the Netherlands .................................................................................................... 64 4 Summary and Outlook ..................................................................................................... 67 4.1 Governance Analysis .............................................................................................. 67 4.1.1 Spatial Planning on Land ............................................................................... 67 4.1.2 Spatial Planning for the Sea .......................................................................... 67 4.1.3 Addressing LSI ............................................................................................... 68 4.2 Value Chain Analysis .............................................................................................. 68 4.2.1 Maritime Transport of Cargo .......................................................................... 68 4.2.2 Offshore wind energy ..................................................................................... 69 4.3 Recommendations for Good Management of LSI in the Netherlands .................... 70 List of Maps Map 1: Core area: Dutch North Sea Coast ............................................................................... 4 Map 2: Overview of options for deep sea cables connecting wind parks to electricity grid. Preferred alternative= 4B, coloured red .................................................................................. 14 Map 3: Overview of project area (indicated in red) .................................................................. 14 Map 4: Map of Maasvlakte II and envisioned uses. ................................................................ 15 Map 5: Example of transport linkages from the Port of Rotterdam to European hinterland.... 25 Map 6: Southern North Sea shipping routes ........................................................................... 31 Map 7: Key actors of the Maritime Cargo Transport Value Chain in the Netherlands. ........... 37 Map 8: Designated wind farm zones in the Netherlands continental shelf ............................. 58 Map 9: Key actors of the offshore wind energy Value Chain in the Netherlands .................... 60 List of Figures Figure 1: A methodology to explore LSI in MSP/Territorial Planning .......................................