IFE/HR/E-2017/001 The Petro-HRA Guideline Report number ISSN Revision number Date IFE/HR/E-2017/001 0807-5514 1 2017-01-31 Client/ Client reference: ISBN Number of issues Number of pages Printed: 978-82-7017-901-5 237 Electronic: 978-82-7017-902-02 Report title The Petro-HRA Guideline Summary The Petro-HRA method has been developed in an R&D project called “Analysis of human actions as barriers in major accidents in the petroleum industry, applicability of human reliability analysis methods”, Project no. 220824/E30. Petro-HRA is a method for qualitative and quantitative assessment of human reliability in the oil and gas industry. The method allows systematic identification, modelling and assessment of tasks that affect major accident risk. The method is mainly intended for use within a quantitative risk analysis (QRA) framework, but may also be used as a stand-alone analysis. Petro-HRA should be used to estimate the likelihood of human failure events (HFEs) in post-initiating event scenarios. Author List Andreas Bye1, Karin Laumann1,2, Claire Taylor1, Martin Rasmussen2, Sondre Øie3, Koen van de Merwe3, Knut Øien4, Ronald Boring5, Nicola Paltrinieri2,4, Irene Wærø4, Salvatore Massaiu1, Kristian Gould6 1IFE, 2NTNU, 3DNV-GL, 4SINTEF, 5INL, 6STATOIL Keywords Human Reliability Analysis, HRA, QRA, Human Factors Analysis Name Signature Prepared by Claire Taylor (IFE) Sign. Reviewed by Authors Sign. Approved by Jon Kvalem, Director MTO (IFE) Sign. Electronic file code Institute for Energy Technology P.O. Box 173, NO-1751 Halden, Norway Telephone: +47 69 21 22 00/Telefax: +47 69 21 22 01 http://www.ife.no / [email protected] Table of Contents I. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................. 7 II. GLOSSARY OF TERMS ................................................................................................... 8 III. LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 10 IV. LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... 11 V. USEFUL DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................. 12 VI. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................. 14 VII. INTRODUCTION TO THE PETRO-HRA METHOD ................................................... 16 VII.I. BACKGROUND TO THE PETRO-HRA PROJECT ....................................................................................................... 16 VII.II. PURPOSE OF THE PETRO-HRA METHOD ........................................................................................................... 16 VII.III. SCOPE OF THE PETRO-HRA METHOD .............................................................................................................. 16 VII.IV. LIMITATIONS OF THE PETRO-HRA METHOD ..................................................................................................... 18 VII.V. HOW TO USE THIS GUIDELINE ......................................................................................................................... 18 VII.VI. INTENDED READER AND USERS OF THIS GUIDELINE ............................................................................................ 18 PART 1: THE PETRO-HRA METHOD: STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTION ............................ 19 1. STEP 1: SCENARIO DEFINITION .................................................................................. 20 1.1. PARTICIPATE IN INITIAL MEETINGS ...................................................................................................................... 20 1.1.1. RESOURCES TO SUPPORT THE ANALYST IN THE INITIAL MEETINGS ........................................................................... 21 1.1.2. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE INITIAL MEETINGS ................................................................................................ 23 1.2. PERFORM A DOCUMENT REVIEW ........................................................................................................................ 23 1.2.1. RESOURCES TO SUPPORT THE ANALYST IN THE DOCUMENT REVIEW ....................................................................... 23 1.2.2. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE DOCUMENT REVIEW ............................................................................................. 26 1.3. DEVELOP THE SCENARIO DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................. 26 1.3.1. RESOURCES TO SUPPORT THE ANALYST IN DEVELOPING THE SCENARIO DESCRIPTION ................................................. 28 1.3.2. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE SCENARIO DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................ 28 1.4. PERFORM AN INITIAL TASK IDENTIFICATION .......................................................................................................... 28 1.4.1. RESOURCES TO SUPPORT THE ANALYST IN THE INITIAL TASK IDENTIFICATION ............................................................ 29 1.4.2. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE INITIAL TASK IDENTIFICATION ................................................................................. 30 2. STEP 2: QUALITATIVE DATA COLLECTION ............................................................... 31 2.1. ARRANGE A SITE VISIT AND/OR WORKSHOP ......................................................................................................... 31 2.2. PERFORM A SCENARIO TALK-/WALK-THROUGH .................................................................................................... 31 2.2.1. RESOURCES TO SUPPORT THE ANALYST IN PERFORMING A SCENARIO TALK-/WALK-THROUGH .................................... 32 2.2.2. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE SCENARIO TALK-/WALK-THROUGH ......................................................................... 33 2.3. OBSERVE OPERATOR TASKS OR TRAINING EXERCISES .............................................................................................. 33 2.3.1. RESOURCES TO SUPPORT THE ANALYST IN PERFORMING OBSERVATIONS ................................................................. 33 2.3.2. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE TASK OR TRAINING OBSERVATIONS ......................................................................... 33 2.4. CONDUCT INTERVIEWS/WORKSHOP DISCUSSIONS WITH OPERATORS AND SMES ......................................................... 34 2.4.1. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES TO SUPPORT THE ANALYST IN CONDUCTING INTERVIEWS/WORKSHOP DISCUSSIONS ................ 34 2.4.2. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE INTERVIEWS/WORKSHOP DISCUSSIONS .................................................................... 37 2.5. CONDUCT AN INITIAL TIMELINE ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................. 37 3. STEP 3: TASK ANALYSIS ............................................................................................. 38 3.1. HOW TO PERFORM A TASK ANALYSIS IN PETRO-HRA ............................................................................................. 38 3.1.1. WHEN TO PERFORM THE TASK ANALYSIS........................................................................................................... 38 3.1.2. HIERARCHICAL TASK ANALYSIS (HTA) ............................................................................................................... 38 Page 3 of 237 3.1.3. TABULAR TASK ANALYSIS (TTA) ...................................................................................................................... 41 3.1.4. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE TASK ANALYSIS .................................................................................................... 42 4. STEP 4: HUMAN ERROR IDENTIFICATION ................................................................. 45 4.1. HOW TO PERFORM HUMAN ERROR IDENTIFICATION .............................................................................................. 45 4.1.1. ERROR IDENTIFICATION USING THE SHERPA TAXONOMY .................................................................................... 46 4.1.2. IDENTIFY AND DESCRIBE LIKELY ERROR CONSEQUENCES ....................................................................................... 47 4.1.3. EVALUATE RECOVERY OPPORTUNITIES .............................................................................................................. 47 4.1.4. IDENTIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE SHAPING FACTORS ......................................................................................... 47 4.1.5. HOW TO EXPAND THE TTA TO INCLUDE HEI INFORMATION .................................................................................. 48 4.1.6. EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE HUMAN ERROR IDENTIFICATION ............................................................................. 49 5. STEP 5: HUMAN ERROR MODELLING ........................................................................ 50 5.1. HOW TO PERFORM HUMAN ERROR MODELLING ................................................................................................... 50 5.1.1. BUILD AN EVENT TREE FOR THE OPERATOR ACTIONS ........................................................................................... 51 5.1.2. EVALUATE ERRORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO FAILURE OF THE CHOSEN TASK ................................................................ 52 5.1.3. IDENTIFY PSFS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO