Vol. 28, No. 14 April 8, 1985 JING ^^-^^^ A CHINESE WEEKLY OF NEWS AND VIEWS Deng Xiaoping on China's Second Revolution Research System Reforms Outlined North China's Largest Forestry Centre A view of the Saihanbo Forestry Centre. Farm workers water saplings. Covered with both dense forests and meadows, Saihanba is ideal for grazing livestock. Saihanba, an old Qing Dynasty hunting ground in Weichang County, Hebe! Province, has been turned into the largest forestry centre in north China. SPOTLIQHT HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK Vol. 28, No. 14 April 8, 1985 Hu Yaobang to Visit South Pacific In his upcoming visit to Australia, New Zealand, Western CONTENTS Samoa, Fiji, and Papua New Guinea, Party General Secretary Hu Yaobang will discuss economic and trade relations with NOTES FROM THE EDITORS 4 leaders of these South Pacific countries. The trip is aimed at Hu's South Pacific Trip Holds deepening understanding, promoting friendship and seeking Promise extensive co-operation and lasting peace in the area (p. 4). LETTERS 5 EVENTS & TRENDS 6-10 Reform Is 'Second Revolution' Deng: Reform Is 'Second Revolu• Chairman of the Central Advisory Commission Deng Xiao• tion' ping recently termed the nation's ongoing economic reform a Sessions Discuss Congress Reports Ministers Chart Growth Plan "second revolution." "China is determined to carry through China Sets Free Its Rural Economy its current reforms and is firm on its internal and external Support Pledged for Sierra Leone open policies," said Deng (p. 6). Production of Energy Increases INTERNATIONAL 11-14 Zhao On Reform of Scientific System South Africa: World Condemns Massacres China today urgently needs to reform its science manage• Bangladesh: Policies Speed Eco• nomic Growth ment system. The aim of the reform, said Premier Zhao Zi- Lebanon: Christian Split Com• yang in a recent speech published here, is to rally all intellec• plicates Matters tuals, especially scientists and technicians, to boost the mod• India-Sri Lanka: Visits Break Diplomatic Deadlock ernization drive and apply research achievements to economic US-Europe: 'Star Wars' Plan Tests development (p. 15). The main points of the Decision of the Relations CPC Central Committee on the Reform of the Science and Revamping China's Research System 15 Technology Management System are also printed (p. 19). Decision on Science Management System Reform Highlighted 19 'One Country, Two Systems' Elaborated Concept Points Way to Reunification 22 The concept of "one country, two systems," advanced by Further Explorations of Small Deng Xiaoping; is unique in the history of political science. Towns (I): China's Road to Rural In• This article is an attempt to scientifically define and explain dustrialization the implications of the novel idea in the context of China's 24 efforts to bring about peaceful reunification (p. 22). FROM THE CHINESE PRESS 27-28 BUSINESS & TRADE 29-30 The Road to Rural Industrialization CULTURE & SCIENCE 31-32 This is the first in a series of three articles written by SPORTS 33 noted Chinese sociologist Fei Xiaotong as a sequel to his "A Case Study of Small Towns" published in Beijing Review last BOOKS 34 year. After analysing the development, role and impact of COVER: Workers assemble television sets in a rural enterprise in Wuxi township industries, he concludes that township industries County. represent a new aspect of China's industrialization, (p. 24). China Intamotlenal Book Published every AAonday by TrodinDistributes dCorporatio by n Subfcription prices (1 year): BEIJING REVIEW (GUOJI SHUOIAN), Australia A.$14.00 USA USS18.00 24 Boiwonzhuang Road, Beijing P.O. Box 399, Beijing, China New Zealand... NZ.S18.00 UK £S.OO The People's Republic of China Canada Can. $15.00 NOTES FROM THE EDITORS Hu's South Pacific Trip Holds Promise open policy over the long run and Since the establishiftent of diplo• by MU YOULIN they hope to develop wide-ranging matic relations between China and International Editor trade, economic and technological New Zealand, their trade volume exchanges with countries all over has multiplied 15 times. And both Hu Yaobang, General Secretary the world. During his visit, Hu sides optimistically expect the of the Central Committee of the will explore possibilities of increas• trade volume to double again by Communist Party of China, will ing co-operation with the leaders 1990. pay goodwill visits to Australia, of the South Pacific countries, and New Zealand, the Independent he hopes to solve practical ques• Visits exchanged by the leaders of State of Western Samoa, Fiji, and tions that can pave the way for the three island countries — West• the Independent State of Papua such increased exchanges. ern Samoa, Fiji and Papua New New Guinea during a two-week Guinea — and Chinese leaders tour beginning April 13. Accom• have increased in recent years and panying him on the visit will be their relations have grown closer. Hu Qili, a member of the Secre• During his visit, Hu will In addition to bilateral trade, Chi• tariat of the CPC, and others. This na has helped the island nations is the second time top-level Chi• explore possibilities of build several small projects that nese leaders have travelled to the increasing co-operation have brought initial gains. Hu's South Pacific. Premier Zhao Zi- witti the leaders of the trip to these islands will further yang visited Australia and New South Pacific countries, cement the existing friendship. Zealand in 1983. China has always advocated that and he hopes to solve all countries, big or small, rich Hu's visit, coming at the invi-t practical questions that or poor, developed or developing, tation of the five nations, has been can pave the way for such should be equal. China shares a welcomed by the South Pacific increased exchanges. bitter history and common destiny countries. At a time when the with the three small countries. It Asian-Pacific region is becoming a wholeheartedly supports them in stronger economic force in the the development of their econo• world, the Oceanic nations would There is a vast potential for ex• mies and will render aid within its understandably like to strengthen panding trade and economic and power. their ties with China, which has a technological co-operation between long Pacific coastline and excel• China and the South Pacific. In Through strengthening South- lent location. Since China adopt• addition, all the countries cort- South co-operation and pushing ed its open policy, the nation cerned desire this expansion. We for North-South dialogue, and in has registered high economic believe that Hu's visit will help accordance with the Five Princi• growth. The grain supply had stimulate such co-operation and re• ples of Peaceful Coexistence, China been abundant and an improved sult in concrete agreements. When will exert itself to develop)' foundation for industry has beei^ Australian Prime Minister Robert co-operative exchanges with other forged. With its large population Hawke came to Beijing last year, Asian-Pacific countries in order to and rich resources, China has bej- he and Zhao expressed confidence attain common prosperity and come a very attractive market. that Chinese-Australian co-opera-; stability in the region. This is a tion, which has been a rewarding grand objective for the region, and However, China, despite its size two-way exchange, could set an Hu will do his best to further it and clout, is still a poor develop• example for the world to follow in during his visit. ing country, lagging way behind developing ties between countries the level of the developed nations. of different social systems and be• The North-South question is not To modernize itself, China's lead• tween the developed and develf only an economic one, but also a ers have decided to practise the oping nations. political one. If the developing 4 Beijing Review, No. 14 LETTERS China's Policies Correct of your country. And they tend to cause many misunderstandings. I began reading Chinese Actually, we can read about im• magazines in 1970 and became a portant documents from the Chi• reader of Beijing Review eight nese Party and government in the years ago. I receive and read Japanese press and in books and these magazines regularly. Now periodicals. But we have no idea countries, whose population ao- I have come up with some ideas. counts for three-fourths of the how these instructions and policies world's total, continue to go with• are implemented at the grass-roots You have corrected the ultra- out those goods and technology level. left mistakes and turned to the necessary for their development drive for socialist modernization. We hope to be able to read because they are impaired by the more about this. old economic order, the gap be• i have read carefully your tween the rich in the North and articles on China's production We are expecting you to truth• the poor in the South will be fur• responsibility system in rural fully present to the readers Chi• ther widened. And the dreadful areas, which has aroused the na's difficulties as well as the ef• poverty will drive these countries people's enthusiasm. And certain• forts your Party Central Commit• into political crisis, leaving them ly you are the best one to judge tee and government make to in a weakened state, vulnerable to whether it is correct or not. overcome them. This helps build interference by the superpowers. sincere friendship and mutual As the superpowers clash to ex• The development of the Shen• understanding between our two tend their influence and the North- zhen Special Economic Zone has countries. South confrontation become^ given apt expression to a healthy Naotaro Yamamura sharper, the danger of war grows policy that seeks to modernize Tokyo, Japan greater.