VU Research Portal Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for acute low back pain van der Gaag, Wendelien H; Roelofs, Pepijn Ddm; Enthoven, Wendy Tm; van Tulder, Maurits W; Koes, Bart W published in The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2020 DOI (link to publisher) 10.1002/14651858.CD013581 document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record document license Article 25fa Dutch Copyright Act Link to publication in VU Research Portal citation for published version (APA) van der Gaag, W. H., Roelofs, P. D., Enthoven, W. T., van Tulder, M. W., & Koes, B. W. (2020). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for acute low back pain. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2020(4), 1-151. 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Sep. 2021 Cochrane Library Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for acute low back pain (Review) van der Gaag WH, Roelofs PDDM, Enthoven WTM, van Tulder MW, Koes BW van der Gaag WH, Roelofs PDDM, Enthoven WTM, van Tulder MW, Koes BW. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for acute low back pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2020, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD013581. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013581. www.cochranelibrary.com Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for acute low back pain (Review) Copyright © 2020 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cochrane Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Library Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S HEADER......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY....................................................................................................................................................................... 2 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS.............................................................................................................................................................................. 4 BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 OBJECTIVES.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 METHODS..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 RESULTS........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Figure 1.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Figure 2.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 Figure 3.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Figure 4.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 5.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 19 Figure 6.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 19 DISCUSSION.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 24 AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS........................................................................................................................................................................... 26 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................................................................................................................ 27 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................................................................................ 28 CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDIES.................................................................................................................................................................. 35 DATA AND ANALYSES.................................................................................................................................................................................... 98 Analysis 1.1. Comparison 1 NSAIDs versus placebo, Outcome 1 Pain Intensity on 100-mm VAS. Follow-up ≤ 3 weeks.................. 98 Analysis 1.2. Comparison 1 NSAIDs versus placebo, Outcome 2 Disability (RMDQ 0 to 24). Follow-up ≤ 3 weeks........................... 99 Analysis 1.3. Comparison 1 NSAIDs versus placebo, Outcome 3 Proportion of participants experiencing global improvement. 99 Follow-up ≤ 3 weeks............................................................................................................................................................................. Analysis 1.4. Comparison 1 NSAIDs versus placebo, Outcome 4 Proportion of participants experiencing adverse events............ 99 Analysis 2.1. Comparison 2 Selective COX-2 inhibitors versus non-selective NSAIDs, Outcome 1 Change in pain intensity from 100 baseline on 100 mm VAS. Follow-up ≤ 3 weeks.................................................................................................................................. Analysis 2.2. Comparison 2 Selective COX-2 inhibitors versus non-selective NSAIDs, Outcome 2 Proportion of patients 101 experiencing adverse events................................................................................................................................................................ Analysis 2.3. Comparison 2 Selective COX-2 inhibitors versus non-selective NSAIDs, Outcome 3 Proportion of patients 101 experiencing gastrointestinal adverse events..................................................................................................................................... Analysis 3.1. Comparison 3 NSAIDs versus paracetamol, Outcome 1 Mean diFerence in pain intensity on various scales. Follow- 101 up ≤ 3 weeks......................................................................................................................................................................................... Analysis 3.2. Comparison 3 NSAIDs versus paracetamol, Outcome 2 Proportion of participants experiencing adverse events...... 102 Analysis 4.1. Comparison 4 NSAIDs versus other drug treatment, Outcome 1 Proportion of participants experiencing global 102 improvement. Follow-up ≤ 3 weeks.................................................................................................................................................... Analysis 4.2. Comparison 4 NSAIDs versus other drug treatment, Outcome 2 Proportion of participants experiencing adverse 103 events..................................................................................................................................................................................................... Analysis 5.1. Comparison 5 NSAIDs versus non-drug treatment, Outcome 1 Pain Intensity on 100-mm VAS. Follow-up ≤ 3 103 weeks..................................................................................................................................................................................................... Analysis 5.2. Comparison 5 NSAIDs versus non-drug treatment, Outcome 2 Proportion of participants experiencing global