Goals Writing Talks & Using Beamer What are we trying to do? Aaron Rendahl Academic/scientific presentation slides by Sanford Weisberg, based on work by G. Oehlert Results of data analysis Policy/management recommendations School of Statistics University of Minnesota Teaching or lecture Nobel Prize acceptance speech January 28, 2009 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 1 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 2 / 40 Audience Audience continued Ed Tufte says that most important rule of speaking is: Respect your audience! Law of Audience Ignorance Someone important in the audience always knows less than you think that Who are they? everyone should know. Why are they here? What do they need to learn from you? The audience always wants to know “What’s in it for me?” How much background do they have? What do they expect to get? You must address audience objectives or the talk will fail. What questions might they ask? What will they learn from other presenters? STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 3 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 4 / 40 How much time do you have? Things to know You must: Never speed up! Assume everyone is busy You must: Know your subject matter! No need to tell everything you know You must: About one slide/overhead per minute Know your limitations! You must: Never blame the audience! STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 5 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 6 / 40 Organize Structure of a basic talk This works most of the time Tell them what you are going to say, Approach the talk logically: then say it, 1 Determine the objective/goal of talk then tell them what you said. 2 Analyze the audience; you say different things to scientists, juries or bus drivers. Or ... 3 Identify takeaway message; build presentation around it Get their attention, let them have it, then drive it home. 4 Organize your information; match content and structure to audience and objective 1 Set up (opening) 2 5 Choose a look for presentation Say it (body) 3 Repeat and conclude (summary) Repetition not a vice. STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 7 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 8 / 40 Set up At the start: The Introduction The most memorable parts are beginning and end; make them work for you. Announce your topic clearly and state objective Introductions can benefit from: Using an outline of the talk is often recommended, but I don’t do it. Personal anecdotes Outline should be understandable by itself Visual imagery Don’t need abstract Quotes Let audience know importance and why they should care Facts Questions Challenge STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 9 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 10 / 40 At the end: The summary Structure of Case Study talks You may decide to vary the order of some of these elements in any talk, and you don’t need all of them for every talk. Summarize and refer back to opener 1 Introduce the problem. For the class, this should be short because everyone has seen the case study. Generally, it needs to engage the Link with key points/ideas audience. 2 Key takeaway message Be ready for questions 3 Objectives 4 What you did: Models and Methodology (brief!) 5 Findings and implications 6 Recommendations STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 11 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 12 / 40 Technical talk Back to School Five things listener wants to know Grammar 1 What is problem and why is it a problem Spelling 2 What has been done about it before Emphasis 3 What is presenter doing about it Repetition 4 What is added value of presenter’s approach Examples 5 Where do we go from here 6 . bibliographies, extra material for use with questions can be helpful Practice! Practice! Practice! (and get feedback) STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 13 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 14 / 40 Stage Presence Meetings You should be 1 Positive, confident, enthusiastic 2 Facing the audience; make eye contact Check location of room. 3 Speak slowly Arrive early 4 Using a microphone is not a sign of personal weakness! Meet session chair 5 Be careful with laser pointers, hold them steady Stay whole session 6 Use humor wisely Understand equipment: computers, projectors, microphones 7 Try to involve the audience 8 Use short simple phrases with no filler words like “Note that” or “It is obvious that” STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 15 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 16 / 40 Preparing your talk Tufte’s dissent Apart from classroom teaching, using computer presentations is almost universal. PowerPoint is a competent slide manager and projector. But rather than PowerPoint and pdf-using-LATEX: supplementing a presentation, it has become a substitute for it. Can look quite good Can use hi-res graphics, animations, etc. The presentation needs Often easy to make handouts Content But Simple, logical structure Still not universal Appropriate detail High failure rate Appropriate emphasis Preparation time Does not need fancy animations, transitions, etc. Tendency for medium to be message STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 17 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 18 / 40 PowerPoint LATEX Ubiquitous Available on most platforms Large user base Great at math Stinks at mathematics, but. Great flexibility Extremely easy to use if no mathematics Mostly academic user base PowerPoint cost money, but free versions exist Harder to use beyond basics than PowerPoint Bill Gates is the antiChrist and MicroSoft is the spawn of Satan. beamer, and other, packages designed to create talks G.W. Oehlert and others Great flexibility (also bad) Check http://www.norvig.com/Gettysburg/ Multimedia much harder STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 19 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 20 / 40 Beamer Beamer, top information \documentclass{beamer} These slides were prepared with the Beamer package in LATEX. \usepackage{wasysym,graphicx,pgfpages} \usetheme{Boadilla} 1 LATEXfile mystuff.tex on class webpage 2 Fill mystuff.tex with Beamer commands \title{Oral Presentation} 3 pdflatex mystuff.tex on Linux produces mystuff.pdf \author{Ima G. Student} 4 Use Adobe Reader or other pdf viewer \date{January 22, 2008} Links to user manual and other useful documents are on the class web % (see man colors on Linux for list of colors) page, including advice for Windows. \definecolor{maroon}{rgb}{.6902,.1882,.3765} \definecolor{sienna}{rgb}{.53,.31,.16} \definecolor{gold}{rgb}{1,.84314,.0000} \setbeamercolor{frametitle}{fg=maroon,bg=gold} \usecolortheme[named=maroon]{structure} STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 21 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 22 / 40 Beamer title and table of contents Beamer example, continued \begin{frame} \frametitle{This is the frame title} \begin{block}{This is a block title} \begin{document} This is the block content. \end{block} \frame{\titlepage} %create titlepage \pause \frame{\tableofcontents} %create table of contents page This appears after the pause: \[ \section{Name of first section in table of contents} E(y|x) = \beta_0 + \beta_1x \] Entries in the table of contents are generated by \section{} commands \alert{This is an alert in the alert color.} %\end{frame} STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 23 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 24 / 40 This is the frame title Frames with computer output: Use verbatim for computer output. This requires making the frame containsverbatim. This is a block title \begin{frame}[containsverbatim] \frametitle{Some computer output} This is the block content This has computer output: This appears after the pause: % begin{verbatim} Coefficients: E(y|x) = β0 + β1x Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 90.9609 37.3532 2.435 0.0289 * This is an alert in the alert color. Pressure 0.7650 0.6608 1.158 0.2664 Lpres 0.6649 0.3859 1.723 0.1069 % end{verbatim} % end{frame} STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 25 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 26 / 40 Some computer output More beamer Use itemize, description, and enumerate environments. This has computer output: To include graphics, save as pdf or png (or others), and use, for Coefficients: example Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) \includegraphics[width=.8\textwidth]{mypic.pdf} (Intercept) 90.9609 37.3532 2.435 0.0289 * You can create pdf graphics in R using the pdf() device: Pressure 0.7650 0.6608 1.158 0.2664 Lpres 0.6649 0.3859 1.723 0.1069 > pdf("mypic.pdf") > plot(Y~X,dataframe) > dev.off() STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 27 / 40 STAT8801 (Univ. of Minnesota) Writing Talks & Using Beamer January 28, 2009 28 / 40 Beamer and Sweave Sweave, text only, set containsverbatim option \<<echo=TRUE>>= You can use Beamer and Sweave at the same time to use R output in your library(alr3) presentation. data(forbes) m1 <- lm(Lpres~Temp,forbes) 1 Name your main file myfile.Rnw rather than myfile.tex summary(m1)$coef 2 Add the line \@ \usepackage{Sweave} to the preamble.