Space cooperation between India and France Céline Bouhey-Klapisz International Affairs, CNES ESPI, 1st February 2017 1 01/02/17 Long standing cooperation … Together in space since 1964 • Space cooperation between India and France turned 50 years in 2014 • celebrated in 2014 during the Bangalore Space Expo & during the Indian Prime Minister visit in France in 2015 • => making it India’s oldest and most important collaboration with a European nation • ISRO is CNES’s number two partner after NASA in terms of volume of activity • Opening of a CNES office in 2013 in Bangalore ([email protected]) 2 50 years French-Indian cooperation French Megha-Tropiques stamp French and Indian posts initiative 3 Living Trust and Commitment It all started with sounding rockets • 1964 : First bilateral agreement • 50 years later / April 2015 : new (licences to build Belier and impetus Centaure sounding rockets in india) • Signature of a CNES and ISRO cooperation agreement during the visit • 50 French rockets were built locally of Indian Prime Minister, Mr. Modi • 1965 : First French sounding rockets launched from India (Trivandrum rocket center) 4 01/02/17 59 INDIAN CENTAURES AND 2 DRAGONS PAVING THE WAY TO RH560 5 LAUNCHER GOLDEN AGE : THE 1970 S French technology still used on Viking / Vikas engine Indian launchers • 1969 : first Indian rocket, Rohini, derived from French technology • 1969: CNES provides technical support to creation of Shriharikota launch base • 1972: India acquires licences for French Viking engine adopted under the name of Vikas still equips India’s entire range of launchers (giving Ariane 4 a sort of second lease of life) • 1977: First India-France intergovernmental space cooperation agreement 6 01/02/17 TWO OPERATIONAL INDO –FRENCH MISSIONS • MEGHA-TROPIQUES • SARAL-ALTIKA 7 01/02/17 TWO OPERATIONAL INDO-FRENCH SPACE MISSIONS (1/2) MEGHA-TROPIQUES : An Earth Observation mission of the tropical atmosphere • First French-Indo satellite • Launched on 12 October 2011 by the Indian PSLV launcher (from Shriharikota) • CNES provides 3 instruments ( Saphir, Scarab & Madras) • Delivers simultaneus measurements of different states of water in the atmosphere • Megha- Tropiques maps atmospheric distribution of water vapour, clouds, rainfall and water evaporation in three dimensions in the tropical belt • The mission also provides relevant data for global Earth climate understanding because tropical processes may also affect the global climate • Since April 2015, EUMETcast broadcast to Meteorological agency near real time data from SAPHIR for assimilation in numerical prediction models • Megha-Tropiques is also part of the constellation of 10 satellites participating in the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission that NASA, JAXA, ISRO and CNES are pursuing together 8 01/02/17 TWO OPERATIONAL INDO-FRENCH SPACE MISSIONS (2/2) SARAL-Altika : Mission dedicated to the environmental, mainly oceanic, survey • Second joint ISRO-CNES mission • Launched on 25 February 2013 by an Indian PSLV launcher • First scientific and technical Indo-French cooperation in the field of oceanography • Two missions are on-board the SARAL satellite : < ALTIKa mission SARALó Satellite with ARgos and ALtika , also means “easy” in sanskrit सरल < ARGOS-3 mission (data collection and localization instrument) • Provides global measurements of sea-surface heigh of unmatched precision (order of one millimetre) • Provides hightly accurante information to study the freshwater cycle (led to important breakthroughs in the scope of Hydrology) • The Argos system collects data from thousands of transmitters at sea and on land 9 01/02/17 2015 : NEW IMPETUS • 10/04/2015 : signature of an agreement between CNES and ISRO defining the framework for a reinforced cooperation in space activities • Objective: define a new cooperation framework for the implementation of future joint missions • Three fields of cooperation identified : • A joint Thermal Infrared satellite mission (TIR) • Argos 4 mission (to embark Argos 4 on the Oceansat 3 indian satellite) • Cooperation in the field of planetary exploration • 25/01/2016 : signature, in presence of French President, François Hollande, and First Indian Prime Minister, Mr Modi, of THREE cooperation agreements : • Implementing Arrangement (IA) on InfraRed joint satellite • Implementing Arrangement (IA) on Argos 4 -> Oceansat 3 will embark last generation of the French localisation instrument • LoI on planetary exploration -> set up of a working group in view of studying the French participation to future interplanetary indian missions <-> These cooperation agreements are structuring the future of the French-Indo cooperation 10 01/02/17 Joint Climate Surveillance Existing and Planned Missions 11 Indo-French Thermal Infrared Sat Global Heat Exchange Mapping 12 Joint ARGOS Missions Climate and Wildlife Data Collection 13 Indian New Space French Eyes on the Moon • 09/01/17 : CNES signed an agreement with TEAM INDUS, an India private company who is competing for The Google Lunar XPrize • <-> The first ever privately funded trip to the moon • More than a dozen teams from around the world entered the race, and recently XPrize announced the finalized list of five competitors that still remain among which TEAM INDUS • The deal is : The grand prize is $20 million, and the teams have until December 31, 2017 to land an unmanned spacecraft on the moon, travel at least 500 meters and deliver a "mooncast" of high-definition video back to Earth • CNES will provide the cameras • Launched scheduled on December 20, 2017 by a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) • It's expected to be one of the lightest rovers to reach the moon. 14 Indian New Space French Eyes on the Moon 15 COP 21 AND DECLARATION OF NEW DELHI CNES and ISRO : two space agencies leader in the fight against climate change • 15 Years of cooperation in the field of climate change • 03/04/16, on the joint initiative of Chairman of ISRO, AS Kiran Kumar, and President of CNES, Jean-Yves Le Gall, Head of space agencies gathered in New Delhi and approved the « Declaration of New Delhi » which propose a worldwide system of greenhouses gas emissions reductions satellites, key of the implementation of the COP21 Paris agreement (COP 21) signed in December 2015 • Thanks to the joint exploitation of the two Earth Observation satellites Saral et Megha- Tropiques, CNES and ISRO paved the way to major improvements in the field of climate and its impacts • The two joint • missions recently decided confirm the CNES and ISRO’s commitments for the monitoring of climate from space 16 01/02/17.