Dreams FM 2/28/09 10:51 PM Page i ABOUT THE AUTHORS James R. Lewis, Ph.D., is currently a lecturer in religious studies at DePaul University. His aca- demic works have been published by Cambridge University Press, Rutgers University Press, and Oxford University Press. He is also the author of The Astrology Book and co-author of Angels A to Z. His encyclopedias have been translated into Span- ish, Portuguese, Russian, Polish, Chinese, and Japanese. Dr. Lewis’s academic and popular books have received awards from the New York Public Library Association, the American Library Associ- ation, and Choice. He has been interviewed by the Los Angeles Times, New York Times, the British Broadcasting Corp., National Public Radio, and “Meet the Press.” Evelyn Oliver, does a transformative type of therapy that is unbelievably effective and powerful in assisting you to create the life of your dreams. Evelyn’s energy psychology technique of “Brain Code Exchanging” removes blockages in your business and personal life and replaces them with what you have been trying to achieve despite years of conventional counseling. During the past 30 years, Evelyn has been interviewed on radio and television, having famous names in Hollywood (as well as infamous criminals) among her clientele. Her telephone consultations have been as far away as Australia, Columbia, England, Russia, and Iraq. Evelyn has co-authored The Dream Encyclopedia and Angels A to Z, and is the author of Dream Yourself Awake for Women. The Dream Encyclopedia : i Dreams FM 2/28/09 10:51 PM Page ii Also from Visible Ink Press Angels A to Z, 2nd Edition by Evelyn Dorothy Oliver and James R Lewis • ISBN: 978-1-57859-212-8 Armageddon Now: The End of the World A to Z by Jim Willis and Barbara Willis • ISBN: 978-1-57859-168-8 The Astrology Book: The Encyclopedia of Heavenly Influences, 2nd Edition by James R. Lewis • ISBN: 978-1-57859-144-2 Encyclopedia of Christmas by Tanya Gulevich • ISBN: 978-0-78080-455-5 The Encyclopedia of Religious Phenomena by J. Gordon Melton • ISBN: 978-1-57859-209-8 The Fortune-telling Book: The Encyclopedia of Divination and Soothsaying by Raymond Buckland • ISBN: 978-1-57859-147-3 The Handy Religion Answer Book by John Renard • ISBN: 978-1-57859-125-1 Real Ghosts, Restless Spirits, and Haunted Places by Brad Steiger • ISBN: 978-1-57859-146-6 The Religion Book: Places, Prophets, Saints, and Seers by Jim Willis • ISBN: 978-1-57859-151-0 The Spirit Book: The Encyclopedia of Clairvoyance, Channeling, and Spirit Communication by Raymond Buckland • ISBN: 978-1-57859-172-5 The Witch Book: The Encyclopedia of Witchcraft, Wicca, and Neo-paganism by Raymond Buckland • ISBN: 978-1-57859-114-5 Dreams FM 2/28/09 10:51 PM Page iii Dreams FM 2/28/09 10:51 PM Page iv Dreams FM 2/28/09 10:51 PM Page v Dreams FM 2/28/09 10:51 PM Page vi The Copyright © 2009 by Visible Ink Press® DREAM This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair competition, and other Encyclopedia applicable laws. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief pas- sages in connection with a review written for inclusion in a magazine, newspa- per, or web site. All rights to this publication will be vigorously defended. Visible Ink Press® 43311 Joy Rd., #414 Canton, MI 48187-2075 Visible Ink Press is a registered trademark of Visible Ink Press LLC. Most Visible Ink Press books are available at special quantity discounts when purchased in bulk by corporations, organizations, or groups. Customized print- ings, special imprints, messages, and excerpts can be produced to meet your needs. For more information, contact Special Markets Director, Visible Ink Press, www.visibleink.com, or 734-667-3211. Managing Editor: Kevin S. Hile Art Director: Jon Wilson Typesetting: Marco Di Vita Proofreader: Sharon R. Gunton ISBN 978-1-57859-216-6 Cover image: clouds © iStockphoto.com/Nick Belton. Back cover: jumping horse © iStockphoto.com/Hedda Gjerpen; moon © NASA. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lewis, James R. The dream encyclopedia / by James R. Lewis and Evelyn Dorothy Oliver. — 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-57859-216-6 1. Dreams—Dictionaries. 2. Dream interpretation—Dictionaries. I. Oliver, Evelyn Dorothy. II. Title. BF1091.L53 2009 154.6'303—dc22 2009005132 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Dreams FM 2/28/09 10:51 PM Page vii CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xi INTRODUCTION xiii A Dreams • Geoffrey Chaucer • The Child —1 Archetype • Children’s Nightmares • China • Abraham • Activation-Synthesis Model of Christianity, Early • Chuang-tzu • Cicero • Dreaming • Adaptive Theory • Alfred Adler • Circadian Rhythms • Clairvoyance • Aesculapius • Age and Dreams • Aguaruna • Collective Unconscious • Communication Akashic Records • Alchemy • Alcohol • Alien with Gods • Community Dreamsharing Abduction • Analyze This • Ancestors • Angels Network • Compensatory Dreams • • Anger and Aggression • Anima (and Animus) Condensation • Control of Nightmares • • Animal Dreams • Animals • Anthropology of Creative Visualization • Creativity and Dreams • Arabia • Archetypes (Archetypal Dreaming • Cree Dream Images) • Aristotle • Art and Dreams • Artemidorus of Daldis • Ashanti • Association for the Study of Dreams • Astral Projection • Astrology • Australia D —53 Daniel • Day Residues in Dream Contents • B —27 Daydreams • Death Dreams • Deficiency Explanations of Dreams • Déjà vu • Bed-Wetting (Enuresis) • Henri-Louis Democritus • Demons • René Descartes • Bergson • Berti • Bible and Dreams • Diet and Dreams • Displacement • Divination Bizarreness of Dreams • Medard Boss • • Dream Body • Dream Control • Dream Buddhism Cycles • Dream Diaries • Dream Dictionaries C • Dream Fragments • Dream Guide • Dream —35 Incubation • Dream Network • Dream Sharing Joseph Campbell • Cancer Dreams • Carlos • Dreamlet • DreamLight • Dreamstuff • Castaneda • Censorship in Dreams • Chase Dreamwork • Drugs, Effects on Dreams The Dream Encyclopedia : vii Dreams FM 2/28/09 10:51 PM Page viii Contents E (Husband of Mary) • Joseph (Son of Jacob) • —75 Judaism • Carl Gustav Jung ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy) • EEG (Electroencephalogram) • Ego • Egypt, Ancient • Mircea Eliade • EMG (Electromyogram) • K — 131 EOG (Electrooculogram) • ESP (Extrasensory K-Complexes and Spindles • Franz Kafka • Perception) • Evil and Dreams Kagwahiv • Kalapalo F —83 L — 135 Falling Dreams • Caroline Finley • Flying Stephen LaBerge • Laboratories, Sleep • Dreams • Folklore and Dreams • Michel Latent Dream (or Latent Dream Content) • Foucalt • Frankenstein • Sigmund Freud Lilith • Logoli • Lucid Dreaming • Lucidity Association • Lucidity Institute G —91 Patricia Garfield • Gilgamesh • Gola • M — 141 Francisco Goya • Greece, Ancient • Greek Drama • Guilt John E. Mack • Macrobius • Mandala Archetype • Manifest Dream (or Manifest Dream Content) • Alfred Maury • Memory H —99 and Sleep • Metaphor, Dreams as • Middle Calvin Hall • Hallucinations and Dreams • Ages • Mohave • Morocco • Movies, Dreams Ernest Hartmann • Hausa • Hawaii • Healing in • Muhammad • Mysticism • Mythology and Dreams • Heraclitus • Hero Archetype • and Dreams James Hillman • Adolf Hitler • Thomas Hobbes • Homer and Dreams • Hopi • Karen N Horney • Hypnagogic Experiences • — 151 Hypnopompic Experiences • Hypnosis Nakedness, Dreams of • Native Americans • Natural Disaster Dreams • Navaho • Near- Death Experiences and Dreams • New Age • I — 111 New Religions (Dream Revelations) • Night Ibn al-‘Arabi • Id • Igbo • Incubi and Succubi Terrors • Night Visions • Nightmares • • India • Ingessana • Initiation • Nondreamers Interpretation of Dreams • Inuit (Eskimo) • Iroquois • Islam O — 161 J Occult • Ojibwa • Oneiromancy • — 123 Ononharoia (Feast of Fools) • Otherworld Jacob • Jerks during Sleep (Myclonic Jerk) • and Dreams • Out-of-Body Experiences • Saint Jerome • Lyndon B. Johnson • Joseph Ovid viii : The Dream Encyclopedia Dreams FM 2/28/09 10:51 PM Page ix contents P Symbolism of Dreams • Symbolization • — 165 Synesius of Cyrene Blaise Pascal • Saint Paul • Penile Erections • Fritz Perls • Persona • Saint Peter • Plato • T Possession • Post-traumatic Stress Disorder • — 207 Precognitive Dreams • Pregnancy Nightmares • Barbara Tedlock • Teeth and Dentistry Primary Process • Problem Solving in Dreams • Dreams • Temne • Tertullian • Theosophy • Projection • Psychomanteum • Psychotherapy St. Thomas Aquinas • Tibet • Tikopia • Tiriki • The Trickster Archetype • Tsunami (Tidal Wave) Dreams • Tukolor Q — 179 Quechua • Quiche U — 219 R Unconscious • The Underworld • — 181 Unpreparedness Dreams • Upanishads (or Raramuri • Rastafarians • Reality as a Dream Upanishadic Hinduism) • Recurring Dreams • Religion and Dreams • REM (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep • Repression • Revelation, Book of • Rip Van V — 225 Winkle Effect • Rome, Ancient Vedas • Vision Quests • Visions and Dreams • Visitation Dreams • Marie-Louise von Franz • S — 189 Voodoo and Dreams Hervey de Saint-Denys • Sambia • Secondary Process • Secondary Revision • Senoi • Sex W — 229 and Dreams • Shadow • William Shakespeare Water Dreams • The Wise Old Woman (or • Shaman and Shamanism • Shamanic Man) Archetype • The Wizard of Oz Initiatory Dreams • Sleep, Death, and Dreams • Sleep Deprivation • Sleep Depth • Sleep Learning • Sleep Paralysis (Sleep Immobility) • Y — 233 Sleep Talking (Somniloquy) • Sleepwalking Yansi