FAMILY Chimaeridae Bonaparte, 1831 - shortnose chimaeras [=Chimeria Rafinesque, 1815, Plagiostomata Goldfuss, 1820, Acanthorhina Latrielle, 1825] Notes: Chimeria Rafinesque, 1815:92 [ref. 3584] (subfamily) Chimaera [as Chimera, name must be corrected Article 32.5.3; corrected to Chimaerei by Jarocki 1822:402 [ref. 4984] (family); corrected to Chimaerae by Stark 1828:390 [ref. 4193] (family); stem Chimaer- confirmed by Bonaparte 1831:164, 187 [ref. 4978]] Plagiostomata Goldfuss, 1820:X, 113 [ref. 1829] (family) ? Chimaera [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Acanthorhina Latreille, 1825:111 [ref. 31889] (family) Chimaera [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] GENUS Chimaera Linnaeus, 1758 - shortnose chimaeras [=Chimaera Linnaeus [C.], 1758:236] Notes: [ref. 2787]. Fem. Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Type by Linnaean tautonymy. Spelled Chmaera by Berkenhout 1789:51 [ref. 12437]. On Official List (Opinion 77, Direction 56). Chimaira Duméril, 1856 on Official Index as an incorrect subsequent spelling (Direction 56). •Valid as Chimaera Linnaeus, 1758 -- (Krefft 1973:78 [ref. 7166], Stehmann & Bürkel in Whitehead et al. 1984:212 [ref. 13675], Nakaya in Masuda et al. 1984:17 [ref. 6441], Compagno 1986:144 [ref. 5648], Gomon et al. 1994:186 [ref. 22532], Didier 1995:14 [ref. 22713], Compagno 1999:1533 [ref. 24636], Didier & Séret 2002:225 [ref. 26557], Didier 2002:299 [ref. 26493], Didier 2003:598 [ref. 26986], Compagno et al. 2005:13 [ref. 29145], Paxton et al. 2006:52 [ref. 28995], Didier et al. 2008:327 [ref. 29698], Last et al. 2008:341 [ref. 29699], Gomon 2008:1438 [ref. 30616], Kemper et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30883], Luchetti et al. 2011:400 [ref. 31442], Shinohara et al. 2011:38 [ref. 31715]). Current status: Valid as Chimaera Linnaeus, 1758. Chimaeridae. Species Chimaera argiloba Last et al., 2008 - whitefin chimaera [=Chimaera argiloba Last [P. R.], White [W. T.] & Pogonoski [J. J.], 2008:341, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 022; ref. 29699] Northwest of Port Hedland, Western Australia, 28°16'S, 113°17'E, depth 520 meters. Current status: Valid as Chimaera argiloba Last, White & Pogonoski, 2008. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Northwestern Australia. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera bahamaensis Kemper et al., 2010 - Bahamas ghost shark [=Chimaera bahamaensis Kemper [J. M.], Ebert [D. A.], Didier [D. A.] & Compagno [L. J. V.], 2010:650, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 86 (no. 3); ref. 30873] Off Andros Island, 24°30'21"N, 77°22'12'W, Bahamas, Tongue of the Ocean, depth 1483-1506 meters. Current status: Valid as Chimaera bahamaensis Kemper, Ebert, Didier & Compagno, 2010. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Bahamas [known only from the holotype]. Habitat: marine Species Chimaera carophila Kemper et al., 2014 - brown chimaera [=Chimaera carophila Kemper [J. M.], Ebert [D. A.], Naylor [G. J. P.] & Didier [D. A.], 2014:4, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 91 (no. 1); ref. 33599] Outer Chatham Rise, New Zealand (44°28.50´S, 177°13.00´W), depth 1350 meters. Current status: Valid as Chimaera carophila Kemper, Ebert, Naylor & Didier, 2014. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Deep-water slopes and plateaus around New Zealand. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera cubana Howell Rivero, 1936 - Cuban ratfish [=Chimaera cubana Howell Rivero [L.], 1936:50, Fig. 1, Pl. 13] Notes: [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 41 (no. 4); ref. 12257] Matanzas Bay, Cuba. Current status: Valid as Chimaera cubana Howell Rivero 1936. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Western Atlantic, Caribbean Sea: Cuba, Puerto Rico and northern Lesser Antilles. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera fulva Didier et al., 2008 - Southern chimaera [=Chimaera fulva Didier [D. A.], Last [P. R.] & White [W. T.], 2008:328, Fig. 1] Notes: [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 022; ref. 29698] Southeast of Cape Everard, Victoria, Australia, 38°20'S, 149°41'E, depth 991-1009 meters. Current status: Valid as Chimaera fulva Didier, Last & White, 2008. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Southern Australia, including Tasmania. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera jordani Tanaka, 1905 - Jordan's chimaera [=Chimaera jordani Tanaka [S.], 1905:2, Pl. 1 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Journal of the College of Science. Imperial University, Tokyo v. 20 (art. 11); ref. 15387] Inatori, Idzu, Sagami Sea, Japan. Current status: Valid as Chimaera jordani Tanaka, 1905. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific; possibly eastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera lignaria Didier, 2002 - Carpenter's chimaera [=Chimaera lignaria Didier [D. A.], 2002:300, Figs. 2-4] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 49 (no. 4); ref. 26493] Southwest of Veryan Bank, Chatham Rise, 44°21.3-21.7'S, 175°37.7-40.7'E, depth 630-706 meters. Current status: Valid as Chimaera lignaria Didier, 2002. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia, New Zealand and Tasmania, Australia. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera macrospina Didier et al., 2008 - longspine chimaera [=Chimaera macrospina Didier [D. A.], Last [P. R.] & White [W. T.], 2008:331, Fig. 2] Notes: [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 022; ref. 29698] East of Brush Island, New South Wales, Australia, 35°32'S, 150°52'E, depth 1060-1100 meters. Current status: Valid as Chimaera macrospina Didier, Last & White, 2008. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Australia. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758 - rabbitfish [=Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus [C.], 1758:236, Chimaera arctica Gistel [J.], 1848:103, Chimaera argentea Ascanius [P.], 1772:6, Pl. 15 Chimaera borealis Shaw [G.], 1804:365, Pl. 157, bottom, Chimaera cristata Faber [F.], 1829:45, Chimaera dubia Osório [B.], 1909:31, Pl. 3 (fig. 1), Chimaera mediterranea Risso [A.], 1827:168] Notes: [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Greenland, western Baltic Sea, northern North Sea, Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Norway to Morocco, Madeira and Azores. Habitat: marine (arctica) [Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs; ref. 1822] Northern Seas. Current status: Synonym of Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Chimaeridae. Habitat: marine. (argentea) [Icones rerum naturalium, ou figures enluminées d'histoire naturelle du Nord; ref. 5115] Trondheim, Norway. Current status: Synonym of Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Chimaeridae. Habitat: marine. (borealis) [General zoology or systematic natural history; ref. 4015] Northern Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Chimaeridae. Habitat: marine. (cristata) [Naturgeschichte der Fische Islands; ref. 13329] Norway. Current status: Synonym of Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Chimaeridae. Habitat: marine. (dubia) [Memorias do Museu Bocage, Lisboa Fasc. 1; ref. 3317] Portugal. Current status: Synonym of Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Chimaeridae. Habitat: marine (mediterranea) [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758. Chimaeridae. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera notafricana Kemper et al., 2010 - Cape chimaera [=Chimaera notafricana Kemper [J. M.], Ebert [D. A.], Compagno [L. J. V.] & Didier [D. A.], 2010:56, Figs. 1-2, Chimaera vaillanti Dean [B.] 1906:7] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 2532; ref. 30883] Cape Agulhas, 34°49.9'S, 20°00'00"E, South Africa, southeastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Chimaera notafricana Kemper, Ebert, Compagno & Didier, 2010. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic to southwestern Indian Ocean: Namibia to Algoa Bay, South Africa. Habitat: marine. (vaillanti) [Carnegie Institution of Washington Publications No. 32; ref. 17390] Current status: Synonym of Chimaera notafricana Kemper, Ebert, Compagno & Didier, 2010. Chimaeridae. Species Chimaera obscura Didier et al., 2008 - shortspine chimaera [=Chimaera obscura Didier [D. A.], Last [P. R.] & White [W. T.], 2008:334, Figs. 3-4] Notes: [CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper No. 022; ref. 29698] East of Tuncurry, New South Wales, Australia, 32°06'S, 153°09'E, depth 1025-1080 meters. Current status: Valid as Chimaera obscura Didier, Last & White, 2008. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Eastern Australia. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera opalescens Luchetti et al., 2011 - opal chimaera [=Chimaera opalescens Luchetti [E. A.], Iglésias [S. P.] & Sellos [D. Y.], 2011:402, Figs. 1-3] Notes: [Journal of Fish Biology v. 79 (no. 2); ref. 31442] South of Great Sole Bank, 48°34.3' - 48°33.2'N, 10°10.3' - 10°13.9'W, northeastern Atlantic, depth 103 meters. Current status: Valid as Chimaera opalescens Luchetti, Iglésias & Sellos, 2011. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Eastern North Atlantic: west of the British Isles and France. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera orientalis Angulo et al., 2014 - oriental chimaera [=Chimaera orientalis Angulo [A.], López [M. I.], Bussing [W. A.] & A. Murase 2014:560, Figs. 3-5] Notes: [Zootaxa 3861 (no. 6); ref. 33497] Cabo Blanco, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, 9°26'16.44"N, 85°29'56.04"W, depth 560-620 meters. Current status: Valid as Chimaera orientalis Angulo, López, Bussing & Murase, 2014. Chimaeridae. Distribution: Costa Rica and Peru. Habitat: marine. Species Chimaera owstoni Tanaka, 1905 - Owston's chimaera [=Chimaera owstoni Tanaka [S.], 1905:10, Pl. 1 (figs. 2-3)] Notes: [Journal of the College of Science. Imperial University, Tokyo v. 20 (art. 11); ref. 15387] Inatori, Idzu,