JUNE 2007 VERSION 1.0_ t Se Studies for Policy of the Institute a project Focus, In Policy Foreign By us c J u r i t y AN ALTERNATIVE FOREIGN POLICY FRAMEWORK Principal Author: John Feffer, Foreign Policy In Focus, Institute for Policy Studies Contributors: Sarah Anderson: director of the Global Economy project, Institute for Policy Studies Phyllis Bennis: director of the New Internationalism project, Institute for Policy Studies Robin Broad: professor of international development, American University John Cavanagh: director, Institute for Policy Studies Steve Cobble: associate fellow, Institute for Policy Studies Anita Dancs: research director, National Priorities Project John Gershman: director of international programs, New York University’s Wagner School Erik Leaver: policy outreach director, Foreign Policy In Focus, Institute for Policy Studies Kevin Martin: executive director, Peace Action Nadia Martinez: co-director of Sustainable Energy and Economy Network, Institute for Policy Studies Miriam Pemberton: peace and security editor, Foreign Policy In Focus, Institute for Policy Studies Marcus Raskin: co-founder and distinguished fellow, Institute for Policy Studies Emira Woods: co-director of Foreign Policy In Focus, Institute for Policy Studies Daphne Wysham: co-director of Sustainable Energy and Economy Network, Institute for Policy Studies Foreign Policy In Focus [www.fpif.org] is a “Think Tank Without Walls” connecting the research and action of more than 600 scholars, advocates and activists seeking to make the United States a more responsible global partner. It is a project of the Institute for Policy Studies. Institute for Policy Studies [www.ips-dc.org] strengthens social movements with independent research, visionary thinking, and links to the grassroots, scholars and elected officials. Since 1963 it has empowered people to build healthy and democratic societies in communities, the U.S., and the world. This report was produced with generous support from the Arca, Atlantic, Colombe, Ford, Rubin & Town Creek foundations. t Se us c J u r i t y AN ALTERNATIVE FOREIGN POLICY FRAMEWORK Table of Contents I. Executive Summary..................................................................................................................... 5 II. Misconceptions and Recommendations..................................................................................... 7 III. Introduction.(John.Feffer,.Steve.Cobble)............................................................................................ 11 A.Just.World............................................................................................................................ 12 A.Just.Alternative..................................................................................................................... 12 IV. Just Climate Policy.(John.Cavanagh,.John.Feffer,.Daphne.Wysham)........................................................ 15 Core.Misconceptions............................................................................................................... 15 A.Just.Security.Policy............................................................................................................... 18 Box.1:.CO2.Total.Emissions.by.Country................................................................................. 19 V. Just Nuclear Disarmament.(John.Feffer,.Marcus.Raskin,.Kevin.Martin)................................................. 23 Core.Misconceptions............................................................................................................... 23 Box.2:.Nuclear.Club.Members................................................................................................. 24 Box.3:.Countries.which.have.Given.Up.Nuclear.Weapons.Programs....................................... 26 Box.4:.Countries.that.May.Join.the.Nuclear.Club................................................................... 27 A.Just.Security.Policy............................................................................................................... 28 VI. Just Livelihoods.(Sarah.Anderson,.John.Cavanagh,.Robin.Broad)............................................................. 31 Core.Misconceptions............................................................................................................... 31 Box.5:.People.Living.on.Less.than.$2.a.Day............................................................................. 32 A.Just.Security.Alternative....................................................................................................... 36 VII. Just Peace.(Phyllis.Bennis,.Emira.Woods,.John.Feffer)............................................................................. 41 Core.Misconceptions............................................................................................................... 41 Box.6:.Leaving.Iraq:.A.How-To............................................................................................... 42 Box.7:.Iraq.Cost.of.War........................................................................................................... 43 Box.8:.Home.in.Latin.America................................................................................................ 46 A.Just.Security.Alternative....................................................................................................... 48 VIII. Just Counter-terrorism.(John.Feffer,.John.Gershman)...................................................................... 51 Core.Misconceptions............................................................................................................... 52 A.Just.Security.Policy............................................................................................................... 54 IX. Just Security Budget.(John.Cavanagh,.Anita.Dancs,.Miriam.Pemberton).................................................. 57 Proposed.Cuts.......................................................................................................................... 57 Box.9:.Proposed.Cuts.to.the.2008.Defense.and.Military.Assistance.Budget............................. 58 Box.10:.Proposed.Security.Additions.to.the.2008.Budget........................................................ 59 Preventive.Measures................................................................................................................. 61 Homeland.Security.Measures................................................................................................... 62 X. Conclusion.(John.Feffer,.Miriam.Pemberton,.Erik.Leaver)....................................................................... 63 Paths.Not.Taken...................................................................................................................... 63 Where.Do.We.Go.Next?.......................................................................................................... 64 An.Integrated.Just.Security.Alternative..................................................................................... 65 Money.and.Jobs....................................................................................................................... 67 What.About.China?................................................................................................................. 68 The.Political.Will..................................................................................................................... 68 Executive Summary urrent. U.S.. foreign. policy. is. unjust. and. breeds. in- Our.Just.Security.program.calls.for: security. for. all.. In. seeking. an. alternative,. we. should. not.revive.the.failed.policies.of.the.past..Instead,.we. ■ A.reduction.of.$213.billion.in.U.S..military.spend- C should.chart.a.new.relationship.between.the.United. ing,.or.one-third.of.the.total.“defense”.budget. States.and.the.world.. ■ Dramatic.cuts.in.U.S..and.Russian.nuclear.arse- Our.common.future.faces.daunting.challenges..War,.pov- nals.as.a.first.step.toward.nuclear.disarmament. erty,.terrorism,.loose.nukes,.and.climate.change.make.us.all. feel.less.secure.than.a.decade.ago..The.Bush.administration’s. ■ An.international.process.under.the.auspices.of.the. foreign.policy.has.brought.U.S..popularity.in.the.world.to. UN.to.secure.a.viable.peace.between.Israel.and. new.lows..At.home,.it.has.generated.widespread.dissatisfac- Palestine. tion.across.the.political.spectrum.. ■ A. global. carbon. fee. to. reduce. greenhouse. gas. Such. widespread. public. dissatisfaction. offers. an. op- emissions. and. generate. funds. to. help. countries. portunity. to. transform. the. national. conversation. from. the. transition.to.sustainable.sources.of.energy. framework.of.fear.that.has.prevailed.since.9/11.to.a.broader. response. to. global. ills. and. injustices.. The. growing. public. ■ A.large-scale,.global.plan.to.train.four.million.new. awareness.of.the.climate.crisis,.the.need.to.address.the.Middle. health.workers. East.in.a.comprehensive.manner,.the.wasteful.extravagance. of.military.spending,.the.continued.threat.of.nuclear.prolif- What. distinguishes. this. report. from. many. alternative. eration.and.nuclear.use,.and.the.corrosive.effects.of.global. foreign.policy.proposals.is.an.integrated.approach.that.avoids. inequality.have.revealed.the.inadequacies.not.only.of.current. the.twin.perils.of.hard.power.and.global.disengagement..We. U.S.. foreign. policy. but. the. Democratic. Party’s. 2006. “real. propose.seven.principles.to.guide.U.S..engagement.with.the. security”.doctrine.as.well. international.community.