City of Philadelphia and the Philadelphia Housing Authority Assessment of Fair Housing October 27, 2016 Table of Contents Table of Contents II. Executive Summary ..................................................... 1 III. Community Participation Process ..................................... 6 IV. Assessment of Past Goals and Actions ...............................24 V. Fair Housing Analysis ...................................................39 A. Demographic Summary .......................................................................... 40 B. General Issues..................................................................................... 74 i Segregation/Integration ........................................................................75 ii. Racially or Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty (R/ECAPs) .......................98 iii. Disparities in Access to Opportunity ..................................................... 125 a. Educational Opportunities ............................................................. 125 b. Employment Opportunities ............................................................ 137 c. Transportation Opportunities .......................................................... 146 d. Low Poverty Exposure Opportunities ................................................. 164 e. Environmentally Healthy Neighborhood Opportunities ............................ 170 f. Patterns in Disparities in Access to Opportunity .................................... 176 iv. Disproportionate Housing Needs .......................................................... 180 C. Publicly Supported Housing Analysis .........................................................202 D. Disability and Access Analysis .................................................................245 E. Fair Housing Enforcement, Outreach Capacity and Resources Analysis .................275 VI. Fair Housing Goals and Priorities ................................. 285 VII. Appendices Appendix A : HUD Provided Maps ................................................................. A-1 Appendix B: HUD Provided Tables ................................................................ B-1 Appendix C: Descriptions of Potential Contributing Factors .................................C-1 Appendix D: AffirmativeAction and EEO ........................................................D-1 Appendix E: Outreach Materials .................................................................. E-1 1 Assessment of Fair Housing 2016, Philadelphia PA Tables Table 1: Focus Group Summary .................................................................... 12 Table 2: Stakefolder Meeting Summary .......................................................... 13 Table 3: Jobs Created, Jobs Retained FY13-FY16 ............................................... 25 Table 4: Demographic Distributions for Adaptive Modifications Program ................... 26 Table 5: Housing Production FY13-FY16 .......................................................... 28 Table 6: Demographic Distributions for Basic Systems Repair Program ..................... 31 Table 7: Projected Population Trends in Philadelphia and Region, 2015 - 2045 ............ 46 Table 8: Demographic Trends 1990 – 2010 ....................................................... 48 Table 9: Population by National Origin in Philadelphia and Region, 1990 – 2010 .......... 53 Table 10: Top 10 Countries of Origin for Foreign Born (FB) Population, Philadelphia, 1970 & 2010 .................................................................................. 54 Table 11: Limited English Proficiency Language in Philadelphia and Region ............... 55 Table 12: Educational Attainment of Population by Metropolitan County 2014 ............ 59 Table 13: Unemployment Rates ................................................................... 60 Table 14: Population Living in Poverty ........................................................... 61 Table 15: Age in Philadelphia and Region, 1990 – 2010 ....................................... 64 Table 16: Philadelphia Population by Age, 2000 and 2014 ..................................... 64 Table 17: Philadelphia Population with Disability by Type .................................... 68 Table 18: Homeownership Rates in Philadelphia by Race/Ethnicity ......................... 73 Table 19: Dissimilarity Index ....................................................................... 75 Table 20: Racial/Ethnic Dissimilarity Trends .................................................... 75 Table 21: R/ECAP Population by Race/Ethnicity in Philadelphia and Region ..............101 Table 22: R/ECAP Population by National Origin in Philadelphia and Region ..............106 Table 23: R/ECAP Population by Family Type in Philadelphia and Region ..................108 Table 24: School Proficiency Index ...............................................................126 Table 25: Labor Market Index .....................................................................138 2 Table of Contents Table 26: Jobs Proximity Index ...................................................................141 Table 27: Transit Index by Race/Ethnicity for Philadelphia and the Region ...............153 Table 28: Low Transportation Cost Index by Race/Ethnicity for Philadelphia and the Region ..................................................................................154 Table 29: Low Poverty Opportunity Indicator by Race/Ethnicity (Jurisdiction) ...........165 Table 30: Low Poverty Opportunity Indicator by Race/Ethnicity (Region) .................166 Table 31: Environmental Health Index ..........................................................171 Table 32: Households Experiencing Housing Problems by Race/Ethnicity .................183 Table 33: Households Experiencing Severe Housing Problems by Race/Ethnicity ........184 Table 34: Households Experiencing Severe Housing Cost Burden by Race/Ethnicity ....185 Table 35: Households Experiencing Housing Problems by Household Type and Size .....186 Table 36: Households with Severe Housing Cost Burden by Household Type and Size ...............................................................................187 Table 37: Publicly Supported Housing by Program Category: Units by Number of Bedrooms ......................................................................194 Table 38: Owner and Renter Occupancy Rates by Race/Ethnicity in Philadelphia and the Region, 2014 ......................................................................195 Table 39: Homeowners and Renters with Housing Cost Burden by Age, 2014 .............196 Table 40: Households in Publicly Supported Housing by Race/Ethnicity ...................204 Table 41: Race/Ethnicity Data ....................................................................210 Table 42: Gender ...................................................................................211 Table 43: Disability Status .........................................................................212 Table 44: Family Status ............................................................................212 Table 45: Occupied Units in R/ECAP and non-R/ECAP Tracts ................................213 Table 46: Number of Units Citywide in Both R/ECAP and Non-R/ECAP Areas Relative to Vouchers in Use in 2011 and 2015 .......................................................214 Table 47: Black Population - Rental and Voucher Units Citywide Relative to Vouchers in Use in 2011 and 2015 ......................................................................215 3 Assessment of Fair Housing 2016, Philadelphia PA Table 48: Hispanic Population - Rental and Voucher Units Citywide Relative to Vouchers in Use in 2011 and 2015 ......................................................................215 Table 49: Local Real Estate Markets - Rental and Voucher Units Citywide Relative to Vouchers in Use in 2011 and 2015 .......................................................216 Table 50: Portability of Vouchers to and From Philadelphia 2012 to Mid-Year 2016 ......216 Table 51: Families with Children in R/ECAP and Non-R/ECAP Tracts by Publicly Supported Housing Category ...........................................................................218 Table 52: Elderly Households in R/ECAP and Non-R/ECAP Tracts by Publicly Supported Housing Category ...........................................................................219 Table 53: Disabled Households in R/ECAP and Non-R/ECAP Tracts by Publicly Supported Housing Category ...........................................................................220 Table 54: Race/Ethnicity Demographics ........................................................222 Table 55: Other Protected Classes Demographics .............................................224 Table 56: Public Housing Households by Race/Ethnicity .....................................225 Table 57: Percent of Public Housing Households by Race/Ethnicity by Development ...225 Table 58: Public Housing Residents Ages 65+ ...................................................226 Table 59: Gender of Public Housing Residents .................................................226 Table 60: Percent of Public Housing Male Headed Households by Development ..........226 Table 61: Disability Status of Public Housing Households ....................................227 Table 62: Public Housing Percent of Disability Status by Development ....................227 Table 63: Public Housing Families with Children ..............................................227