Access for All: Guidance Note on Inclusive Street Design for Asia and the Pacific Final Report, December 2016 Preface Acknowledgements The guideline was conceived and the outline was built by Lloyd Wright, followed by additional research and written contributions by Melinda Hansion for Section I & III, Michael King for Section II, ITDP-China’s Liu Shaokun, Li Wei, Deng Han, Lin Xi for first-phase preparation, data collection, picture selection and document review. Many thanks to Lloyd Wright for input and guidance throughout the process and ITDP-China’s Zhu Xianyuan, Li Shanshan, Zhu Jinglu, Yang Shuangjian, Huang Benjun, Chen Dan, Bi Lei, Chen Yujun for assisting data collection. The project is funded by Asian Development Bank. Contents I. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 A. Access for All: First Principles for Inclusive Street Design .................................................................... 2 i. First Principles for Inclusive Street Design ........................................................................................ 2 ii. Current Conditions in Cities of Asia and the Pacific .......................................................................... 6 B. Benefits of Inclusive Street Design ..................................................................................................... 18 i. Economic Benefits: Economic Growth & Travel Time Savings ....................................................... 18 ii. Environmental Benefits: GHG Reductions & Air Quality Improvements ........................................ 18 iii. Social Benefits: Livability & Social Equity Improvements ............................................................... 19 iv. Public Health Benefits: Traffic Safety & Active Lifestyle Improvements ........................................ 20 C. Case Studies: Inclusive Streets in Seoul, Korea and Guangzhou, China ............................................. 22 i. Project: Cheonggyecheon ............................................................................................................... 22 ii. Project: Guangzhou Green Ways .................................................................................................... 23 iii. Inclusive Street Design in Context: The TOD Standard ................................................................... 25 II. Inclusive Street Design .............................................................................................................. 27 A. Street Types: Function & Context ....................................................................................................... 27 i. Street Function ................................................................................................................................ 27 ii. Local context ................................................................................................................................... 36 B. Pedestrian Facilities ............................................................................................................................ 42 i. Walkway .......................................................................................................................................... 43 ii. Crossings ......................................................................................................................................... 45 iii. Pedestrian Bridges and Tunnels ...................................................................................................... 50 iv. Shared street ................................................................................................................................... 51 v. Pedestrian Mall ............................................................................................................................... 52 C. Universal Access .................................................................................................................................. 53 i. Universal Access along and across the street ................................................................................. 54 ii. Universal access to transit stops and stations ................................................................................ 55 iii. Universal access to buildings .......................................................................................................... 56 iv. Detectable surfaces......................................................................................................................... 57 D. Non-motorized Vehicles ..................................................................................................................... 58 i. Cycleways Network development .................................................................................................. 59 ii. Cycleway ......................................................................................................................................... 60 iii. Intersections ................................................................................................................................... 67 iv. Greenway ........................................................................................................................................ 70 v. Green Bridge ................................................................................................................................... 71 vi. Cycle Parking ................................................................................................................................... 72 vii. Cycle Station ................................................................................................................................ 73 viii. Cycle Share .................................................................................................................................. 74 ix. Modern Pedicabs ............................................................................................................................ 75 x. Delivery Carts .................................................................................................................................. 76 E. Transit Integration .............................................................................................................................. 77 i. Transit Station Access ..................................................................................................................... 78 ii. Walkways and Crosswalks at Bus Stops .......................................................................................... 79 iii. Cycleways at Transit stops .............................................................................................................. 80 iv. Cycle Parking at Transit Stops & Stations ....................................................................................... 81 v. Bike Sharing at Transit Stops & Stations ......................................................................................... 82 vi. Transit Mall ..................................................................................................................................... 83 F. Traffic Calming .................................................................................................................................... 84 i. Neighbourhoods with speed restrictions ........................................................................................ 85 ii. Neighborhoods with Through Traffic Restrictions .......................................................................... 86 iii. Reduction of turning radius ............................................................................................................ 87 iv. Curb Extension (Bulb outs) .............................................................................................................. 88 v. Chicanes .......................................................................................................................................... 89 vi. Speed Hump or Table ...................................................................................................................... 90 vii. Raised crossing ............................................................................................................................ 91 viii. Raised intersection ...................................................................................................................... 92 ix. Mini-roundabout ............................................................................................................................. 93 x. Textured and/or Colorized Pavements ........................................................................................... 94 G. Green Infrastructure ........................................................................................................................... 95 i. Landscaping ..................................................................................................................................... 96 ii. Bioswales......................................................................................................................................... 97 iii. Recycled Water ............................................................................................................................... 98 iv. Solar Power ....................................................................................................................................