All Hazard Mitigation Plan St. Croix County, Wisconsin 2018-2023 SECTION I. INTRODUCTION ST. CROIX COUNTY ALL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN PREPARED BY: St. Croix County All Hazard Mitigation Plan Steering Committee St. Croix County Emergency Management St. Croix County communities WITH ASSISTANCE BY: West Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission ADOPTED MONTH DAY, 2018 BY THE ST. CROIX COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS SECTION I. INTRODUCTION <INSERT FEMA REVIEW LETTER> <INSERT STATE REVIEW LETTER> TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 1 A. PURPOSE OF THE PLAN ..................................................................................................... 1 B. PLANNING PROCESS ......................................................................................................... 1 C. MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL PLANNING APPROACH .................................................................... 4 D. COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT ................................................................................................ 5 E. INCORPORATION OF RELATED PLANS, STUDIES, REPORTS, AND DATA .................................. 6 SECTION II. COMMUNITY PROFILE – ST. CROIX COUNTY ............................................. 8 A. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION .................................................................................................... 8 B. NATURAL FEATURES AND ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................... 10 i. Watersheds .......................................................................................................................... 10 ii. Surface Waters, Floodplains, and Wetlands ........................................................................ 10 iii. Topography .......................................................................................................................... 13 iv. General Land Cover ............................................................................................................. 14 v. General Climate ................................................................................................................... 14 C. DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC PROFILE .......................................................................... 17 i. Population ............................................................................................................................ 17 ii. Housing ................................................................................................................................ 22 iii. Economic Overview .............................................................................................................. 23 iv. Agricultural Overview ........................................................................................................... 25 v. Property and Improvement Values ....................................................................................... 26 vi. General Development Pattern .............................................................................................. 28 vii. Implications for Emergency Services and Hazard Mitigation ............................................... 30 viii. Potential Impact of the St. Croix Crossing Project ............................................................... 30 D. CRITICAL FACILITIES & EMERGENCY SERVICES ................................................................. 33 E. HAZARDOUS MATERIAL STORAGE AND USE ...................................................................... 36 F. TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ............................................................................................ 37 G. HISTORIC PROPERTIES AND DISTRICTS ............................................................................ 40 SECTION III. ASSESSMENT OF HAZARD CONDITIONS .................................................. 43 A. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION .................................................................................................. 43 i. Federal Disaster Declarations for St. Croix County ............................................................. 43 ii St. Croix County Hazards Prioritization Survey.................................................................... 44 iii. Natural Hazards of No Significant Risk ................................................................................ 46 iv. Hazards of Concern Addressed in Other Plans ................................................................... 52 v. Possible Hazard Impacts of Climate Trends ........................................................................ 58 B. RISK AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT ........................................................................... 62 Special Threat Analysis – Long-Term Power Loss......................................................... 63 i. Winter Storms and Extreme Cold ......................................................................................... 76 ii. Tornados .............................................................................................................................. 90 iii. Thunderstorms, High Winds, and Hail ............................................................................... 107 iv. Hazardous Materials Spills ................................................................................................. 121 v. Cyber Attack ....................................................................................................................... 145 vi. Active Threats and Civil Disturbance ................................................................................. 158 vii. Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 173 viii. Nuclear Accident ................................................................................................................ 207 ix. Extreme Heat ..................................................................................................................... 213 x. Drought ............................................................................................................................... 223 SECTION IV. CURRENT MITIGATION ACTIVITIES .......................................................... 230 SECTION V. PROGRESS ON 2013 MITIGATION PLAN STRATEGIES ........................... 240 Table of Contents i SECTION I. INTRODUCTION SECTION VI. MITIGATION GOALS AND STRATEGIES .................................................... 248 A. MITIGATION GOALS ....................................................................................................... 248 B. EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE MITIGATION STRATEGIES .................................................. 249 C. RECOMMENDED MITIGATION STRATEGIES (ACTION PLAN) ............................................... 250 i. Flood Mitigation Strategies ................................................................................................. 251 ii. Severe Weather Strategies ................................................................................................ 252 iii. Long-Term Power Outage Strategies ................................................................................ 253 iv. Hazardous Materials Spills Strategies ............................................................................... 253 v. Active Threat Strategies ..................................................................................................... 253 vi. Other Planning and Policy Strategies ................................................................................ 254 vii. Other Communication, Coordination, and Outreach Strategies ........................................ 255 viii. Other City & Village (Multi-Jurisdictional) Strategies ......................................................... 256 D. IMPLEMENTATION OF PRIORITY PROJECTS ...................................................................... 258 E. ADDITIONAL IMPLEMENTATION GUIDANCE ....................................................................... 260 SECTION VII. PLAN ADOPTION AND MAINTENANCE PROCESS .................................. 262 A. PLAN COORDINATION .................................................................................................... 262 B. PLAN MAINTENANCE ...................................................................................................... 264 i. Plan Monitoring and Annual Plan Reviews ........................................................................ 264 ii. Special Plan Reviews ......................................................................................................... 264 iii. Plan Updates ...................................................................................................................... 265 C. PLAN ADOPTION ............................................................................................................ 266 LIST OF APPENDICES Page #s will be APPENDIX A. Adopting Resolutions and Letter of Participation ................................................. completed in APPENDIX B. Flood Assessment Methodology ......................................................................... APPENDIX C. Stakeholder Interview List ................................................................final................... version. APPENDIX D. Notice Requesting Public Comment on Draft Plan .............................................. APPENDIX E. Vulnerability