TurkJZool 27(2003)61-63 ©TÜB‹TAK ResearchArticle AStudyonApodemusiconicus Heptner,1948 (Mammalia:Rodentia)inTurkey ErcümentÇOLAK DepartmentofBiology,FacultyofScience,AnkaraUniversity,06100-Beflevler,Ankara–TURKEY Received:08.03.2002 Abstract: Thekaryological,bacularandphallicaspectsofApodemusiconicus Heptner,1948,inTurkeywereexaminedforthefirst time.Thediploidnumberofchromosomeswas2n=48,thenumberofautosomalarmswasNFa=46,andthefundamentalnum- berwasNF=48.TheXchromosomewaslargeacrocentric,andtheYchromosomewassmallacrocentric.Thebaculumwascom- posedofadistalandproximalpart,theaveragelengthofwhichwas3.74mm.Thephallusshowedtwonotchesnearthecrater, andagrooveextendingalongthephallusontheventralside. KeyWords: Apodemusiconicus,Karyology,Phallus,Baculum,Turkey Türkiye’dekiApodemusiconicus Heptner,1948(Mammalia:Rodentia)ÜzerineBirÇal›flma Özet: Türkiye’dekiApodemusiconicus Heptner,1948’inkaryolojik,bakulumvephallusözellikleriilkkezincelendi.Diploidkro- mozomsay›s›2n=48,otozomalkromozomlar›nkolsay›s›NFa=46,temelkromozomkolsay›s›NF=48,Xkromozomubüyük akrosentrikveYkromozomuiseküçükakrosentriktir.Bakulumdistalveproksimalk›s›mlardanoluflmaktad›r.Proksimalbaculum ortalama3.74mmuzunlu¤undad›r.Phallusunvenralindekratereyak›nikiç›k›nt›veventraldeuzananbirolu¤usahiptir. AnahtarSözcükler: Apodemusiconicus,Karyoloji,Phallus,Bakulum,Türkiye Introduction Theaimofthisstudywastodeterminethekaryotype, Recently,taxonomicstudieshavefocusedonthe baculumandphallusofA.iconicus inTurkey. genusApodemus inTurkey.Filippuccietal.(1)described Apodemushermonensis fromIsrael.Filippuccietal.(2) MaterialsandMethods recordedApodemushermonensis fromwesternTurkey. Inaddition,Verimlietal.(3)separated A.hermonensis Twenty-fourspecimensof A.iconicus fromAnkara, fromA.flavicollis onthebasisofelectrophoresisofblood Artvin,Bolu,Bursa,Samsun,KonyaandMuflwere serumproteins.Thereisaspecificproblemin A. karyotypedfromthebonemarrowofthecolchicined hermonensis.Recently,Krystufek(4)examinedfour animals(7).BaculawerepreparedaccordingtoLidicker Apodemus typesfromtheeasternMediterraneanandthe (8).Theskulls,skins,phalliandbaculaaredepositedin MiddleEastintheNaturalHistoryMuseum,London. theMammalCollectionattheDepartmentofBiology, AccordingtoKrystufek(4), Mussylvaticustauricus FacultyofScience,AnkaraUniversity. Barrett-Hamilton,1900,isaseniorsynonymof A. hermonensis,anditisalsoajuniorhomonymof Mus ResultsandDiscussion sylvaticus var.tauricus Pallas,1811.Krystufek(4)stated that Apodemussylvaticus iconicusHeptner,1948,isa Thespecimensexaminedinthepresentstudywere seniorsynonymof A.hermonensis andisalsotheoldest identifiedbasedondiagnosticcharacteristicsof A. availablenameforthisspecies.Thekaryotype,baculum hermonensis (2)andA.iconicus (4). andphallusof A.iconicus inTurkeyareunknown. Karyology: Diploidnumberofchromosomeswas2n= However,thekaryologicalaspectsof A.mystacinus , A. 48,thenumberofautosomalarmswasNFa=46,and sylvaticus,andA.flavicollis wereexaminedbyDo¤ramac› thefundamentalnumberwasNF=48.Autosomalset andKefelio¤lu(5),andthatofA.agrariusbyYi¤itetal. consistsof46acrocentrics.TheXchromosomewaslarge (6). acrocentric,andtheYchromosomewassmallacrocentric 61 AStudyonApodemusiconicus Heptner,1948(Mammalia:Rodentia)inTurkey (Fig.1).Wecomparedthekaryologicalaspectsof A. intheventralanddorsalviews(Fig.2).Theproximal iconicus tothoseoftheotherspeciesof Apodemus in baculumwas3.74mminlengthand1.74mmacross Turkey. A.iconicus differsfrom A.mystacinus with thebasewithathicknessof0.81mm.Wecompared respecttothekaryologicalvaluesgivenbyDo¤ramac›and thebacullaraspectsof A.iconicus inTurkeytothose Kefelio¤lu(5),andA.agrariusbyYi¤itetal.(6).The (baculumwithphallus)describedbyWilliamsetal. karyotypesofA.sylvaticus andA.flavicollis fromTurkey (10)for A.mystacinus ,A.agrarius, A.flavicollis ,A. weredescribedas2n=48,NF=48,andNFa=46by krkensisand A.sylvaticus inCroatia.Accordingto Do¤ramac›andKefelio¤lu(5).Thekaryotypeof A. Williamsetal.(10),thebaculaof Apodemus species iconicus issimilartothatofA.sylvaticus andA.flavicollis haveadistalpartwiththreecartilageousparts.The givenbyDo¤ramac›andKefelio¤lu(5).Thekaryotypeof baculaofTurkishspecimenswithasingledistalpart A.sylvaticus andA.flavicollis wasalsodescribedas2n= seeminglydifferfromthoseof A.mystacinus , A. 48,NF=48,andNFa=46byZimaandKral(9). agrarius,A.sylvaticus andA.flavicollis.Thisdifference Evidently, A.iconicus inTurkeydoesnotdiffer mayhaveresultedfrompreparation.Thebaculumof karyologicallyfromA.flavicollis orA.sylvaticus. A.mystacinus fromLebanondescribedbyHarrison Baculum: Thebaculumwascomposedofadistal andBates(11)islargerthanthatof iconicus in andproximalpart.Thedistalparthadasinglecurved Turkey.AccordingtoHarrisonandBates(11),a cartilageouspart.Itwas1.51mminlength.The cartilaginousprocessisattachedtothedistalendof proximalpartcontainedashaftwithamoderately thebone,asisthecasein A.iconicus. bulboustip.Theshaftwasslightlyswollenmedianly, Phallus: Theproximalsectionofthephallusislonger andinyoungspecimensitwasbentinthelateralview. thanthedistalsection,whichismorebulbous.Thereisa Thebasewasspoon-shaped,andtherewasaconcavity ridgeonthedorsalside,whichdoesnotextendtothe proximalsection.Somespecimensshowedtwonotches nearthecraterontheventralside,andastronggroove extendingalongthephallus.Thephallusiscoveredwith epidermalspines.Thetipofthedistalsectionissmooth 1234laterally(Fig.3).Thephallicaspectsoffour Apodemus speciesfromCroatia(10)seeminglydifferfromthoseof A.iconicus ,which,however,mayhaveresultedfrom preparation. 5678 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Fig.2. Ventral(left),dorsal(central)andlateral(right)viewofthe XY baculuminApodemusiconicus fromMadenköy(Uluk›flla). Fig.1. Karyotypeofamale Apodemusiconicus fromMufl. (Scale:1mm). 62 E.ÇOLAK Acknowledgments TheResearchFundofAnkaraUniversity(no: 96050302)andTheScientificandTechnicalResearch 2.5mm CouncilofTurkey(no:TBAG-1574)sponsoredthisstudy. Fig.3. Ventral(left),dorsal(central)andlateral(right)viewofthe phallusin Apodemusiconicus fromMadenköy(Uluk›flla). (Scale:1mm). References 1. Filippucci,M.G.,Simson,S.,andNevo,E.Evolutionarybiologyof 6. Yi¤it,N.,Verimli,R.,Sözen,M.Çolak,E.andÖzkurt,fi.,The thegenus Apodemus Kaup,1829inIsrael.Allozymicand Karyotypeof Apodemus agrarius (Pallas,1771)(Mammalia: biometricanalyseswithdescriptionofanewspecies: Apodemus Rodentia)inTurkey.ZoologyintheMiddleEast.24(2):225-229. hermonensis (Rodentia,Muridae).Boll.Zool.,56:361-376. 2000. 1989. 7. Ford,C.E.andHamerton,J.L.,Acolchicinehypotoniccitrate, 2. 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