V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 913 SUPERGRAPHICS AND VIDEO ECOLOGY Е.Е.Nemtchinova1 Abstract: The objective of this research with the artistic techniques of modern was to conduct a study of supergraphics supergraphics is outlined. The article in the architecture and design of the provides new materials and innovative visual urban environment in terms of technologies. The provisions of the video ecology. The article examined the article reveal the inextricable connection specifics of supergraphics, its of today's trends in supergraphics with relationship with the concepts of graffiti our modern life. The materials of the and street art. The study also focuses on article contribute to further the specifics of new materials, developments in the methodological innovative technologies for the material on this topic, help in the implementation of supergraphics, in formulation of design tasks, as well as in particular on the example of the subway. the evaluation of the work in The variety of artistic techniques of supergraphics. supergraphics and its influence on the harmonization of the surrounding Keywords: supergraphics, video subject-spatial environment are ecology, visual environment, metro, revealed. The demand for supergraphics harmonization, graffiti, street art, in modern conditions requires its deep innovative technologies. analysis. The specifics of supergraphic tools are related to the requirements of 1. INTRODUCTION creating an effective communicative Supergraphics is a tool for human environment and solving a creating and forming a visual specific problem to improve the video environment. The graphic language of ecology of the urban environment. The supergraphics complements, enriches differences in the concepts of graffiti and the world around us. The modern street art are analyzed, their connection problem is the transformation of an 1 Russian State University of Tourism and Service, email: [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000- 0001-5293-468X V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 914 unfavorable environment from the point Supergraphics is considered as of view of visual perception into a an object of research. The subject of the human-friendly environment. This research is the factors of the negative article explores the effect of visual environment. supergraphics on the harmonization of The materials for review were our subject-spatial environment. The network resources, albums, books on study also focuses on the specifics of design, and magazines. new materials, innovative technologies for translating supergraphics into the 2. METHODS metro. The author used the following The relevance of the study research methods: analysis, synthesis, consists in the systematization of the extrapolation, bibliographic methods. A relevant material, in the further study of a variety of sources of application of scientific ideas about the information on the topic of the article. supergraphics in methodological Such areas as graffiti, street art, applications - for setting design tasks, supergraphics were considered. The and for evaluating work, for developing methods of analysis, synthesis, educational material. extrapolation helped identify their main The objective of art history characteristic features on the research research is supergraphics, as a means of topic. Modern materials related to the improving the video ecology of the urban latest technologies in supergraphics were environment. reviewed. To achieve this goal, it is Supergraphics in the necessary to solve the following tasks: architecture and design of the visual 1. analyze examples of urban environment was studied from the supergraphics point of view of video ecology. The 2. analyze the factors of comparison method were applied and, as negative visual environment a consequence, a conclusion was made 3. establish the positive on the continuity of street art. The effect of supergraphics on the negative synthesis method was applied, which visual environment helped to get a general idea of the subject being studied. The research methods are V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 915 abstractive and generalized in nature. product of our time. The experiment They help to systematize the collected clearly showed that graphic noise is material for its successful study. becoming a significant environmental Scientific data indicate that a problem. constant visual environment, its Video ecology is a scientific saturation with visual elements, has a field dealing with the ecology of the strong effect on a person’s condition, visual environment and beauty. Video especially on his organ of vision. That is, ecology science was developed in Russia it acts like any other environmental on the basis of a long-term study of the factor that makes up the human mechanisms of visual perception by environment. In 2005, two artists – V.A. Filin [15]. He was the first to Christoph Steinbrener and Rainer Dempf examine and describe the visible changed enormously Neubaugasse environment surrounding us as an (project - Delete!) – one of the streets of environmental factor. In fact, video Austrian Vienna. In 2 weeks they ecology is the science of human covered all street advertising in the city interaction with the visual environment. with yellow monochrome fluorescent What is the visual environment made up foil - film and packed all three- of? The first is nature. The second is dimensional objects (letters, for architecture, man-made objects. example) in plastic. All signs identifying Universal urbanization creates a consumption, such as advertising signs, negative visual environment: straight signs, pictograms, company names and lines and corners, dark colors, concrete. logos, disappeared from the street. The Large planes of the same type of result impressed everyone. It windows. Fields, consisting of many immediately became evident how much identical elements, uniformly the streets are polluted with advertising distributed, create aggressive visual garbage. fields on a certain surface, from which a Advertising not only spoils the person gets tired. A homogeneous visual look of the city, but also subconsciously environment with a lack or absence of affects its residents [4]. The disregarded visual elements is also bad for a person. and unnoticed information and Unnatural visible environment, violating advertising component of the city is a V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 916 the laws of visual perception, leads to fields are created by an ordinary simple mental disorders [3]. multi-storey residential building with a The problem of a large number of windows. Already nine comprehensive assessment of the repeating identical elements are environmental friendliness of the visual considered an aggressive environment urban environment is long overdue. for the eye. Homogeneous visible fields Unfortunately, the science of video create the ends of buildings, industrial ecology has not yet developed regulatory zones. The human eye does not like a documents on the formation of a visual large number of right angles and edges, environment. There are no requirements an abundance of large empty planes. The for the permissible sizes of more curved lines, the rich color gamut homogeneous and aggressive fields in the surrounding space has, the closer it is the architecture of the city. Time is so to the natural environment and, rapidly changing the visual urban therefore, the better the visual environment and, accordingly, all this environment is. exacerbates the contradiction with the The term “supergraphics" in the possibilities of human vision. The 70s of the XX century was introduced by current task is to stop the trend of the American architect Charles Moore. deterioration of the visual environment The traditional concept of monumental in human habitats. A characteristic trend painting has been replaced by a new of design and architecture is the desire to concept of supergraphics. A sign of design not individual elements, but supergraphics is the obligatory integral in form visual urban complexes, interaction with the three-dimensional coincides with the formation of a spatial form. Despite the independence harmonious visual environment. of composition and its own The visual field created by the colorographics, an image that is located old building is visually pleasing. Long directly on a three-dimensional object concrete fences, huge planes of glass, changes this object and presents in a new rows of identical buildings, equally way [17]. painted houses cause negative It is necessary to distinguish consequences, large glass surfaces are between graffiti, street art and super- especially aggressive. Aggressive visual graphics. Graffiti is a global subculture V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 917 and a way of communication within Today, when describing images youth groups [7]. Graffiti is a crony applied to walls, floors, ceilings, asphalt, graphic, besides it has an illegal basis. It or other external surfaces of buildings almost always violates the law and is a and structures, people often call them challenge to society. Writers (artists) do graffiti. And the concepts begin to merge not care whether the townspeople will gradually. understand them; they express their own The art of supergraphics has a self, their position, their attitude to the great history. Madonnari, street artists, world. Graffiti, as a direction, has its appeared in Italy more than five hundred roots deep in history. The very word years ago. They wandered from one city "graffiti" originated