Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1 -Connecticut Consolidated Assessment and Listing Methodology (CT CALM) ......................... 5 Chapter 2 – 305(b) Assessment Results ...................................................................................................... 29 Chapter 3 - List of Waterbodies Not Meeting Water Quality Standards .................................................. 155 References ................................................................................................................................................. 341 Figure 1-1. Connecticut Rivers and Lake Basins Index .............................................................................. 11 Figure 1-2. Connecticut Estuary Basins Index ............................................................................................ 12 Figure 1-3. Hypoxia map interpolations are overlain on a map of sampling station locations and assessment units to assist with evaluating excursions below the dissolved oxygen criterion. ............. 20 Figure 1-4. Assessment units overlain on shellfish growing area classifications in Long Island Sound. ... 25 Figure 1-5. Example of pivot table report showing percentage of segment area falling under each CT DA/BA classifications. ......................................................................................................................... 26 Figure 2-1. Waterbody segments assessed for one or more designated uses .............................................. 29 Figure 2-2. Waterbody segments assessed for aquatic life use ................................................................... 31 Figure 2-3. Aquatic Life Use Support (ALUS) in Connecticut Rivers ...................................................... 32 Figure 2-4. Aquatic Life Use Support (ALUS) in Connecticut Lakes ....................................................... 32 Figure 2-5. Aquatic Life Use Support (ALUS) in Connecticut Estuaries .................................................. 33 Figure 2-6. Waterbody segments assessed for recreational use ................................................................. 33 Figure 2-7. Recreation Support in Connecticut Rivers .............................................................................. 34 Figure 2-8. Recreation Support in Connecticut Lakes ............................................................................... 35 Figure 2-9. Recreation Support in Connecticut Estuaries .......................................................................... 35 Figure 2-10. Waterbody segments assessed for shellfishing use ................................................................ 36 Figure 2-11. Shellfishing Use in Connecticut Estuaries ........................................................................... 36 Figure 2-12. Statewide assessment for aquatic life in wadeable streams in Connecticut. ......................... 38 Figure 2-13. Percentage of lakes from the 2007 National Lakes Assessment in Connecticut (CT;n=14),New England Region (Region;n=69), and Nationally (Nation;n=1,028) that were in the highly eutrophic, eutrophic, mesotrophic, and oligotrophic range for total nitrogen (TN) based on Connecticut’s Trophic Category System. ........................................................................................ 40 Figure 2-14. Percentage of lakes from the 2007 National Lakes Assessment in Connecticut (CT;n=14), New England Region (Region;n=69), and Nationally (Nation;n=1,028) that were in the highly eutrophic, eutrophic, mesotrophic, and oligotrophic range for total phosphorus (TP) based on Connecticut’s Trophic Category System. .............................................................................. 41 Figure 2-15. Percentage of lakes from the 2007 National Lakes Assessment in Connecticut (CT;n=14), New England Region (Region;n=69), and Nationally (Nation;n=1,028) that were in the highly eutrophic, eutrophic, mesotrophic, and oligotrophic range for chlorophyll-a based on Connecticut’s Trophic Category System. ............................................................................................. 42 Figure 2-16. Percentage of lakes from the 2007 National Lakes Assessment in Connecticut (CT;n=14), New EnglandRegion (Region;n=69), and Nationally (Nation;n=1,028) that were in the highly eutrophic, eutrophic, mesotrophic, and oligotrophic range for Secchi depth based on Connecticut’s Trophic Category System. ............................................................................................. 44 Figure 3-1 Key Components of Water Quality Attainment ...................................................................... 155 Figure 3-2: Water Quality Planning and Implementation Process ........................................................... 155 Figure 3-3. Total segments in US EPA Category 4 and 5 ........................................................................ 158 Figure 3-4. Activity by Subregional Basin Associtated with Habitat for Fish and Other Aquatic Life and Wildlife Use ................................................................................................................................. 160 i Figure 3-5. Activity by Subregional Basin Associtated with Recreation Use .......................................... 161 Figure 3-6. Activity by Subregional Basin Associtated with Fish Consumption Use .............................. 162 Figure 3-7. Activity by Subregional Basin Associtated with Shellfish Harvesting Uses ......................... 163 Figure 3-8. Freshwaters Targeted for Management Measures of Cultural Eutrophication ....................... 165 Figure 3-9. Total segments by Designated Use that require a TMDL or equivalent plan ........................ 168 Table 1-1. Designated uses for surface waters as described in CT WQS and the IWQR. ............................ 6 Table 1-2. Timeline for submitting data to DEEP and tiered data quality considerations for assessments of the State’s waters. .......................................................................................................... 8 Table 1-3. Aquatic Life Use Support (ALUS) categories and contributing decision criteria for wadeable streams. ................................................................................................................................. 15 Table 1-4. Aquatic Life Use Support (ALUS) in estuaries as determined by dissolved oxygen levels. ..... 18 Table 1-5. Fish consumption use support and criteria. .............................................................................. 21 Table 1-6. Shellfish harvesting use support as determined by shellfish growing area classifications ........ 23 Table 1-7. Decision criteria for various categories of recreational use support. ......................................... 27 Table 2-1. Designated use support summaries for rivers, lakes and estuaries. .......................................... 30 Table 2-2. Statewide assessment for aquatic life in wadeable streams in Connecticut............................... 37 Table 2-3. Statewide assessment for recreation in wadeable streams in Connecticut. .............................. 38 Table 2-4. Connecticut 305b Assessment Results for Rivers and Streams ................................................. 45 Table 2-5. Connecticut 305b Assessment Results for Lakes .................................................................... 108 Table 2-6. Connecticut 305b Assessment Results for Estuaries ............................................................... 119 Table 2-7. Site Specific Fish Consumption Advisories. ........................................................................... 149 Table 3-1: Designated Uses for Surface Waters in Connecticut .............................................................. 156 Table 3-2. Definitions of US EPA Categories 4 and 5 for Assessed Waterbodies in Connecticut .......... 157 Table 3-3 Summary of Designated Uses with Common Stressors ........................................................... 167 Table 3-4. Connecticut Impaired Waters List (EPA Category 5) ............................................................. 171 Table 3-5. Waterbodies with Adopted TMDLs (EPA Category 4a) ......................................................... 261 Table 3-6. Pollution Control Measures for Waterbody Segments (EPA Category 4b) ........................... 277 Table 3-7. Nonpollutant Impairments (EPA Category 4c) ....................................................................... 282 Table 3-8. Reconciliation List of Impaired Waters (Delistings and Listings) ......................................... 289 Table 3-9. Priority List for TMDL Development of Impaired Waterbodies ............................................ 317 ii Table of Acronyms 303(d) Section 303(d) of the Federal Clean Water Act, which requires States to employ corrective actions to address waters impaired by one or more pollutants (also referred to the 303(d) list) 305(b) Section 305(b) of the Federal Clean Water Act, which requires States to assess and report on the status of their waters every two years 319(a) Section 319(a) of the Federal Clean Water Act, which requires States to prepare a report that identifies waters impaired by nonpoint source pollution, its sources and programs to reduce such pollution ADB Assessment Database ALUS Aquatic Life Use Support AU Assessment