IDUPLICATE] Wai903,#A56 Murimotu and Rangipo-Wain 1860-2000 . ~ A Report Commissioned By the Waitangi Tribunal Nicholas Bayley June 2004 Contents Page LIST OF TABLEs ..........................................•........................••••..........................................•.............•.......... 3 LIST OF MAPs ....................................................................•...•..............................•..................................... 3 REPORT FOR RANGIPG-WAIU AND MURIMOTU BLOCKS ....•..•....••....•.........•..•••............••.•.•.•. 15 INTRODUCTION ...........................................•....•.........•.........•..••............••..•.•...•...................••.•.................. 15 1. CHAPTER 1: INITIAL BACKGROUND AND PARTICIPANTS .................................................. 20 2. CHAPTER 2: MURIMOTU AND RANGIPG-WAIU FROM 1860 TO 1875 ................................. 28 2.1. THE NATIVE LAND COURT INVESTIGATION OF MURIM:OTU TO 1873 ................................................. 33 2.2. COMPETING INTERESTS AND DEVELOPMENTS AROUND MURIM:OTU AND RANGIPO-WAID .......•....... 39 2.3. DISCUSSION ..........•......•....••••.•.............................•.............•••..........•.......•................•......................... 61 3. CHAPTER 3: EFFORTS TO ESTABLISH LEASING BY THE CROWN FROM 1875 TO 1877 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 65 3.1. IDENTIFYING THE LESSORS ..........................•...................••.•........•.......•........................•.................... 65 3.2. DISCUSSION ...........................................................................••..............••.•......................................•. 79 4. CHAPTER 4: MURIMOTU FROM 1877 TO 1882 ........................................................................... 82 4.1. DIVISIONS AND DECISIONS AT MURIM:OTU .....•.....•...........................•............•...........•.•...........•.•••...•. 82 4.2. DISCUSSION: ••......................................................................... : ..........•............................................... 99 5. CHAPTER 5: RANGIPG-WAIU FROM 1877 TO 1882 ................................................................. 102 5.1. DISSENSION ATRANGIPO-WAIO...............•........•.•••.•...............•.•...••.•...........•.................................. 102 5.2. KEMP'S TRUST AND GOVERNMENT RESPONSE .....•..•.•.•...••.................•..............•........•.................... 107 5.3. RANGIPO-WAiO GOES THROUGH THE NATIVE LAND COURT ......•.................................................... 114 5.4. THE RANGIPO-MURIM:OTU AGREEMENT VALIDATION ACT DEBATES ..........................................•.. 127 5.5. DISCUSSION: ......•.....•......•.••.....•..•..............•••........•....•...•..•............................................................•. 134 6. CHAPTER 6: LEASING, ALIENATION AND THE MAIN TRUNK RAILWAY ...................... 141 6.1. BACKGROUND TO THE COMING OF THE MAIN TRUNK RAILWAY •........••..•........•...•...........•....•.•.....•• 141 6.2. LEASING AND SUBDIVISION IN THE MURIM:OTU TO 1900 ................................................................. 146 6.~. RANGIPO-WAiO PROCEEDINGS FROM 1884 TO 1900 ....................................................................... 169 6.4. DISCUSSION .•...............•........................•••.•.........................••...................•....................................... 181 7. CHAPTER 7: TWENTIETH CENTURY ALIENATION .............................................................. 195 7.1. MURIM:OTU •....•........•................•...........••..••.......•.................•...............••.•••••.•......................•..........• 195 7.2. RANGIPO-WAiO ......................•.....•...•............................•............................................•.................... 207 7.3. DISCUSSION ..••.••.••.•.•..•........•........•.....•...............•......•.........••••.•••..........•..•............................•........• 223 8. CHAPTER 8: CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................... 227 8.1. SUMMARY TO THE NATIVE LAND COURT DECISIONS ..........•......................•••.•.•.............••..••........... 230 8.2. SUMMARY TO THE END OF THE LEASE PERIOD ..••..............•.•.........•....•....•...•......•......•............•.......• 232 8.3. SUMMARY OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY ............••...•............•.....•...........•.....................•................ 235 9. BIBLIOGRAPHY................................................................................................................................ 237 ApPENDIX 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 246 2 List o/Tables Table 1: Crown Payments on Murimotu p.68 Table 2: Crown Payments on Murimotu p.78 Table 3: Crown Payments on Murimotu p.91 Table 4: Leasing and non-leasing arrangements from 1884 in Murimotu p.151 Table 5: Block Lease Details p.154 Table 6: Allocation of Rent by the Government from Murimotu p.166 Table 7: Crown Purchases on the Murimotu Blocks from 1892 to 1901 p.167 Table 8: Crown Expenditure, including incidentals, for land purchase in Murimotu p.168 Table 9: Leasing and Non-leasing arrangements from 1884 in Rangipo-Waifi p.175 Table 10: Allocation of Rent by the Government from Rangipo-Waifi p.177 Table 11: Crown Purchases on the Rangipo-Waifi Blocks from 1892 to 1901 p.179 Table 12: Crown Expenditure, including incidentals, for land purchase in Rangipo­ Waifi. p. 180 Table 13: The Progress of Land Alienation from 1881 to 2000 p.228 Listo/Maps Map 1: Murimotu and Rangipo-Waifi p.4 Map 2: Rangipo-Waifi p.5 Map 3: Murimotu p.6 Map 4: Rangipo-Waifi blocks p.7 Map 5: Murimotu blocks p.8 Map 6: Rangipo-Waifi leases p.9 Map 7: Murimotu leases p.10 Map 8: Rangipo-Waifi partitions p.ll Map 9: Murimotu partitions p.12 Map 10: Section of Murimotu, approx 1926, block divisions P .13 Map 11: Section of Rangipo-Waifi B, approx 1930, block divisions p.14 3 '. \ \ . ~~ Tama Lakes ; ~ \ , \ , / .''1... ,\ // --<" -,......... \ ~~uapehU .r----';--" "'-. --------./-' /"\.:1> __ _ . j. --- / / :/ II. ' / ;y J " .,t'l} • ( ~<§$ O~~~~~~~1~O============~~~ o 12milu ,r"'""·' .......... -·,. t! Ruanui '( \"" ( '-.---. Murimotu Rangip6- Wain boundary ~ Crown forest land block boundaries 184.2 sq km 393.3sqkm main trunk railway 18,420ha 39,330ha :& 45,520ac 97100 ae Fi 9 1 : Muri motu and Rangipo - WaiQ 4 Fig 2: Rangipo-WaiQ 5 Pou a Poto -1'"1- TeWakahuhi o : 1<Jkm o Smiles Fig 3: Murimotu 6 Rangipo.Waiii No.2 30,000 acres *Il':f;- -:.~ .t'!' .~'" 1;" :;~;. £ Ngamatea .>:~>Swamp t :.t i . !t... ~~ Fig 4: RangipO-WaiO blocks 7 •• Waitangl Stream ... r· .J ."ToTaupo ) ..:- ( ( Makiakia Stream ... -~ J ::::::. ...... \;:{.. -"To Waipuna Fig 5: Murimotu blocks 8 Rangipo·Waiii No.2 (30,000 acres) 27,143 ae.leased to Crown Fig 6: Rangipo-WajQ leases 9 o J Fig 7: Murimotu leases 10 Rangipo·Walii No.2A (27,143 acres) 22,546 ac. Crown land Fig 8: Rangipo-WaiU partitions 11 ~ Wai/angi Stream r :<ToTaupo ( ... f/ (M~iaki8 Stream ..... /_ .............. / -""-'" ······"T·· -'"To Waipuna o 10kln, o SmUes Fig 9: Murimotu partitions 12 Wallang/ Tribunal. Nfl. May 21m c ~ ~ (. ... ~ ~ -.; ~ 1 ~ ?, ~ -~y 10: 1\("AT!N(}A.KA"k.ETrr'" Fig 10: Section of Murimotu approx 1926 - Block divisions 13 ~ :~r'-'; '<t g ,. s ....... ,Yt<ti......-"'" 0 0' - .... 0 ~.:r,/,..; "~.~-.,.- :' ~ 0 ·~f';i~~,· .I ctJ) o ·en :2: "C g m I g .....CJ) >< ec.. c.. ro m I::J ~ 1 10 Ec.. '0 g +=I ~ ..... u::0) MaplJ Section of Rangipo-Waiu B approx 1930 -Block divisions Report for Rangipo-Wain and Murimotu blocks The Author: My name is Nicholas Bayley. I am a researcher with the Waitangi Tribunal. I hold a BA (Hons.) from Victoria University and a PhD from Trinity College, Dublin, both in history. After returning from Europe, I was an historian of British and Irish Immigration in the Ministry for Culture and Heritage, before coming to the Tribunal. Introduction This report requires an investigation of the Rangipo-WaiU and Murimotu blocks (cf. Map 1), with a view to unpicking and making sense of a complex series of negotiations, conflicted developments, and a process of land alienation, which had a dramatic effect on Maori land ownership and their subsequent ability to use resources in these blocks. The Murimotu and Rangipo-Waiii blocks now comprise a vast expanse of tussock and grassland country, broken by the Karioi Forest in the north-west ofMurimotu, Waiouru as the only town of any size, and Lake Moawhango, on the mid-eastern side of Rangipo­ Waiii. Waterways running through these blocks include the Waipahihi Stream and Moawhango River, which mark the eastern boundary of Rangipo-Waiii, and the Waitangi Stream, the Makahikatoa Stream and the Whangaehu River. In the 1860s, this was high country similar to that of central Otago, and was attractive to settlers of this period for similar reasons. Forests did not have to be cleared before farms could be established, and large areas might be leased for grazing runs. As the best land of the South Island was taken up, the few remaining lands of New Zealand that offered similar opportunities drew attention. From the early l870s, John Russell, John Studholme and Thomas Morrin - after whom Morrlnsville was later named - sought to lease