Partoev K., Sulangov M., Melikov K., Jumakhmadov A. LOCAL AGRO BIODIVERSITY AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE IN AGRICULTURE NEED TO BE PRESERVED LOCAL AGRO BIODIVERSITY AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE NEED TO BE PRESERVED UDK: 40.3+41+42.3 Dedicated to the 20th Independent of Republic of Tajikistan P-29 Authors: Kurbonali Partoev – senior staff scientist, candidate of agricultural science Makhmadzamon Sulangov – senior staff scientist Kurbonali Melikov - scientific associate, researcher Asomiddin Jumakhmadov – agronomist – researcher. Findings of investigation made by the staff members of the Institute of botany, plant physiology and genetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Institute of gardening and vegetable growing of the Academy of agricultural sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan and Public Organization “Khamkori Bakhri Tarakkiyet” (“Cooperation for Development”) at cooperation with Ministry of Agriculture Republic of Tajikistan in 2007 – 2010 are collected in this book. Research on discovering and description of valuable local varieties of fruit, grain and feed crops as the main agro biodiversity component in Tajikistan was carried out in the Hissar, Rasht, Zarafshan, Istravshan and Vakhsh valleys of Tajikistan under The Christensen Fund sponsorship. For this purpose, we had to visit more than 50 villages, 30 jamoats and 18 districts of the republic, to meet and interview over 1000 farmers, women, local residents and experts on traditional rural knowledge. The most important are the results that show the preservation degree of valuable local varieties of agricultural crops and agro biodiversity as well as the ways of their preserving in the countryside as a genetic material for selection and a local resource for food security in future. The given scientific matter and practical examples from the experience of farmers, experts and communities on agro biodiversity, traditional knowledge and skills preserving are of great interest to agricultural workers, farmers, students and many readership, devotees of agriculture, traditions and customs can be used in their activity and for maintenance of food security in the country. Consultant: Makhmadiyer Sardorov – the Doctor of Agriculture, Corresponding member of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, The Honoured Worker of Tajikistan. DUSHANBE - 2011 Partoev K., Sulangov M., Melikov K., Jumakhmadov A. LOCAL AGRO BIODIVERSITY AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE NEED TO BE PRESERVED UDK: 40.3+41+42.3 Dedicated to the 20th Independent of Republic of Tajikistan P-29 Authors: Kurbonali Partoev – senior staff scientist, candidate of agricultural science Makhmadzamon Sulangov – senior staff scientist Kurbonali Melikov - scientific associate, researcher Asomiddin Jumakhmadov – agronomist – researcher. Findings of investigation made by the staff members of the Institute of botany, plant physiology and genetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Institute of gardening and vegetable growing of the Academy of agricultural sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan and Public Organization “Khamkori Bakhri Tarakkiyet” (“Cooperation for Development”) at cooperation with Ministry of Agriculture Republic of Tajikistan in 2007 – 2010 are collected in this book. Research on discovering and description of valuable local varieties of fruit, grain and feed crops as the main agro biodiversity component in Tajikistan was carried out in the Hissar, Rasht, Zarafshan, Istravshan and Vakhsh valleys of Tajikistan under The Christensen Fund sponsorship. For this purpose, we had to visit more than 50 villages, 30 jamoats and 18 districts of the republic, to meet and interview over 1000 farmers, women, local residents and experts on traditional rural knowledge. The most important are the results that show the preservation degree of valuable local varieties of agricultural crops and agro biodiversity as well as the ways of their preserving in the countryside as a genetic material for selection and a local resource for food security in future. The given scientific matter and practical examples from the experience of farmers, experts and communities on agro biodiversity, traditional knowledge and skills preserving are of great interest to agricultural workers, farmers, students and many readership, devotees of agriculture, traditions and customs can be used in their activity and for maintenance of food security in the country. Consultant: Makhmadiyer Sardorov – the Doctor of Agriculture, Corresponding member of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, The Honoured Worker of Tajikistan. 1 Сontents pag. 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 3 2. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ...................................................................................................... 4 3. METHODOLOGY OF CARRYING OUT THE RESEACH WORK ........................................ 4 4. THE LOCALITY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RESEARCH ........................................ 6 5. TRIPS TO OTHER COUNTRIES .............................................................................................. 6 5.1. A TRIP TO KYRGYZSTAN ............................................................................................... 6 5.2. THE DISCUSSION OF THE RESEARCH GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ........................ 8 WITH OTHER INSTITUTES AND ORGANIZATIONS ......................................................... 8 6. THE RESEARCH RESULTS RECEIVED IN VARIOUS DISTRICTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJKISTAN ........................................................................................................................... 10 6.1. HISSAR VALLEY ............................................................................................................. 10 6.1.1. HISSAR DISTRICT ................................................................................................... 10 6.1.2. VARZOB DISTRICT .................................................................................................. 18 6.1. 3. SHAKHRINAV DISTRICT ....................................................................................... 20 6.1.4. TURSUNZADE DISTRICT ....................................................................................... 21 6.1. 5. RUDAKI DISTRICT .................................................................................................. 23 6.1. 6. VAKHDAT DISTRICT ............................................................................................. 26 6.1. 7. FAIZABAD DISTRICT ............................................................................................. 28 6.2. THE RASHT VALLEY ..................................................................................................... 29 6.2.1. RASHT DISTRICT ..................................................................................................... 29 6.2.2. NURABAD DISTRICT .............................................................................................. 35 6.2.3. TAJIKABAD DISTRICT ............................................................................................ 36 6.2.4. JIRGITAL DISTRICT ................................................................................................. 37 6. 3. THE ZARAFSHAN VALLEY ........................................................................................ 38 6.3.1. KUKHISTONI MASTCHOKH DISTRICT ............................................................... 38 6.3.2. AINI DISTRICT .......................................................................................................... 39 6.4. THE ISTRAVSHAN VALLEY ........................................................................................ 42 6.4.1. GANCHI DISTRICT ................................................................................................... 42 6.4.2. ISTRAVSHAN DISTRICT ......................................................................................... 43 6.4.3. ISFARA DISTRICT .................................................................................................... 44 6.5. THE VAKHSH VALLEY .................................................................................................. 46 6.5.1. JAMOLIDDINI RUMI DISTRICT ............................................................................. 46 6.5.2. JILIKUL DISTRICT ................................................................................................... 47 7. THE MAIN FINGINGS OF THE INVESTIGATION IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS OF THE REPUBLIC .................................................................................................................................... 48 7.1. THE HISSAR VALLEY .................................................................................................... 48 7.2. THE RASHT VALLEY ..................................................................................................... 49 7.3. SUGHD REGION ............................................................................................................. 49 7.4. THE VAKHSH VALLEY .................................................................................................. 49 8. THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SURVEY RESULTS ......................................................... 50 9.SHORT STORIES FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE .......... 51 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................... 69 10. MAIN