Cavite Integrated Water Resource Management Master Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Chapter 1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Review of Cavite‘s previous initiatives towards integration ...................... 1-2 1.2 Cavite Integrated Water Resource Management Plan ............................. 1-3 Chapter 2 Provincial Physical and Socio-Economic Profile ................................ 2-1 2.1 Physical Environment .............................................................................. 2-1 2.1.1 Geographic Setting ...................................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 Physical Features ........................................................................ 2-3 2.1.3 Meteorology ............................................................................... 2-13 2.2 Infrastructure ......................................................................................... 2-16 2.2.1 Transportation ............................................................................ 2-16 2.2.2 Communication .......................................................................... 2-16 2.2.3 Water Supply ............................................................................. 2-17 2.2.4 Existing Water Service Providers ............................................... 2-19 2.2.5 Sanitation and Sewerage ........................................................... 2-21 2.2.6 Solid Waste Disposal Systems ................................................... 2-23 2.3 Socio-Economic and Demographic Environment ..................................... 2-1 2.3.1 Population, Density and Growth Rate .......................................... 2-1 2.3.2 Urban-Rural Population Structure ................................................ 2-2 2.3.3 Age Structure and Dependency Ratio .......................................... 2-4 2.3.4 Number of Households and Household Size ................................ 2-5 2.3.5 Income Levels and Profile ............................................................ 2-6 2.3.6 Labor Force and Employment Structure ....................................... 2-7 2.3.7 Health Indicators .......................................................................... 2-8 2.3.8 Demographic and Employment Projections.................................. 2-9 2.4 Economic Structure ................................................................................. 2-1 2.4.1 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) by Industrial Origin: CALABARZON ................................................................. 2-1 2.4.2 Agriculture, Fishery, Poultry and Livestock................................... 2-1 2.4.3 Industry, Commerce and Trade .................................................... 2-5 Chapter 3 Water Demand Assessment ................................................................. 3-1 3.1 Population Projections ............................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Water Demand Projections ...................................................................... 3-2 3.2.1 Domestic (Municipal) Water Demand ........................................... 3-2 3.2.2 Agricultural Water Requirements .................................................. 3-4 3.2.3 Industrial Water Demand............................................................ 3-11 3.2.4 Recreation ................................................................................. 3-13 3.2.5 Power Generation ...................................................................... 3-14 3.2.6 Total Water Demand .................................................................. 3-14 Chapter 4 Water Resources Assessment ............................................................. 4-1 4.1 Surface Water Assessment ..................................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 General ........................................................................................ 4-1 4.1.2 Rainfall ......................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.3 Catchment Area and River System .............................................. 4-3 i Cavite Integrated Water Resource Management Master Plan 4.1.4 Irrigation Systems ........................................................................ 4-5 4.1.5 Stream flow Analysis .................................................................... 4-6 4.1.6 Flow Duration Curve (FDC) .......................................................... 4-9 4.1.7 Lakes ......................................................................................... 4-17 4.1.8 Summary and Conclusions : Surface Water Assessment ........... 4-20 4.2 Groundwater Assessment ..................................................................... 4-20 4.2.1 Groundwater Resources Inventory ............................................. 4-20 4.2.2 Results of Geo-resistivity Survey ............................................... 4-26 4.2.3 Water Balance ........................................................................... 4-29 4.2.4 Aquifer and Characteristics ........................................................ 4-35 4.2.5 Summary of Groundwater Resource Assessment ...................... 4-43 4.2.6 Sewerage, Septage and Water Quality ...................................... 4-44 4.3 General Conclusions ............................................................................. 4-45 Chapter 5 Water Resource Development Framework .......................................... 5-1 5.1 Principles for Integrated Water Resources Development and Management ........................................................................................... 5-1 5.2 The Key Issues ........................................................................................ 5-2 5.3 Meeting the Development Challenges ..................................................... 5-7 5.4 Addressing the Supply-Demand Gap....................................................... 5-8 5.5 Sewerage and Sanitation Development Framework ................................ 5-9 Chapter 6 Legal Framework and Institutional Arrangements .............................. 6-1 6.1 Frameworks and Principles ..................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Key Water-Related Legislation ................................................................ 6-1 6.3 Existing Organizational Structure, Functions and Activities of Key Agencies ................................................................................................. 6-5 6.4 Authority of the Provincial Government of Cavite to Formulate the CIWRMMP .............................................................................................. 6-8 6.5 Issues and Challenges ............................................................................ 6-9 6.6 Legal Feasibility of the Proposed Sources of Water for The Intergrated Water Resource management Plan ..................................... 6-13 6.6.1 Aggregation of Water Rights ...................................................... 6-13 6.7 Recommended Institutional Arrangement .............................................. 6-14 6.7.1 Creation of a Cavite Water Resources Management Committee (CWRMC) ................................................................ 6-14 6.7.2 Entering into Public-Private Partnerships ................................... 6-16 6.7.3 Legislative Agenda for the Province of Cavite ............................ 6-18 Chapter 7 Policies, Strategies and Programs and Projects ................................. 7-1 7.1 Policies .................................................................................................... 7-1 7.2 Strategies ................................................................................................ 7-1 7.3 Programs and Projects ............................................................................ 7-2 ii Cavite Integrated Water Resource Management Master Plan LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1-1 Temperature and Relative Humidity, Sangley Point and Ambulong Stations ................................................................................................. 2-14 Table 2.1-2 Average Daily Evaporation Rate, Tagaytay City Station ......................... 2-14 Table 2.1-3 Monthly Normal and Extreme Wind Speed and Direction, Sangley Point and Ambulong Stations ................................................................ 2-15 Table 2.2-1 Water Supply Service Coverage by City/Municipality .............................. 2-18 Table 2.2-2 Existing Water Rates ............................................................................... 2-20 Table 2.2-3 Estimated Maximum Water Production Capacity Per Water Agency .................................................................................................. 2-21 Table 2.2-4 Inventory of Sanitation Facilities by City/Municipality .............................. 2-22 Table 2.2-5 Cavite Province Disposal Sites, 2010 ..................................................... 2-24 Table 2.3-1 Cavite: Population and Population Density, by City/Municipality, 2000-2010 ............................................................................................... 2-1 Table 2.3-2 Cavite: Percentage Share of Urban and Rural Population, by City/Municipality, 2000 & 2010................................................................. 2-3 Table 2.3-3 Cavite: Number of Households and Household Size, by City/Municipality,