Long-Term Athlete Development “The pursuit of excellence and an active lifestyle” Table of Contents Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................................................................5 Glossary of Acronyms ..................................................................................................................................................................6 Glossary of Terms .........................................................................................................................................................................7 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................................................................11 A Systematic Review of Water Polo Canada ..........................................................................................................................15 Sensitive Periods of Trainability ...............................................................................................................................................21 Periodization .............................................................................................................................................................................26 Physical Literacy .......................................................................................................................................................................28 Stages of Long-Term Athlete Development ............................................................................................................................32 Active Start ................................................................................................................................................................................36 I Love Water Polo ......................................................................................................................................................................37 Competitive Foundations .........................................................................................................................................................43 Training to Compete .................................................................................................................................................................49 Training to Perform ...................................................................................................................................................................55 Living to Win .............................................................................................................................................................................61 Active for Life ............................................................................................................................................................................67 Training and Competition ........................................................................................................................................................69 Implementation of Long-Term Athlete Development .............................................................................................................74 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................................................76 Selected Bibliography ..............................................................................................................................................................77 Appendix 1 : Physical, Mental and Cognitive, and Emotional Development Characteristics ...........................................80 Appendix 2 : Single, Double, and Triple Periodization Models .............................................................................................88 Appendix 3 : Water Polo Canada Long-Term Athlete Development Framework Matrix ......................................................91 LONG-TERM ATHLETE DEVELOPMENT | “The pursuit of excellence and an active lifestyle” Table of Illustrations Acknowledgements Water Polo Canada acknowledges the financial support of the Government of Canada through Sport Canada, a branch Table 1 - Stages of Water Polo Long-Term Athlete Development ..........................................................................................14 of the Department of Heritage Canada. Table 2 - Number of Registered Members – 1990-2008 ........................................................................................................15 Water Polo Canada would like to thank the following key individuals for their contributions to the research, development and preparation of the Water Polo Canada Long-Term Athlete Development pathway: Istvan Balyi, Charles Cardinal, Gabor Table 3 - Number of National Club Championship Entries – 1989 to 2008 .........................................................................16 Csepregi, Ahmed El-Awadi, Cyndie Flett, George Gross JR, Roy Gunnell, David Hart, Dragan Jovanovic, Heather Kaulbach, Jeffrey Lindell, Sandra Lizé, Patrick Oaten, and John Stockdale. Figure 1 - Maturation in Females and Males ..........................................................................................................................22 Water Polo Canada would also like to thank the following individuals for their commitment to the growth of water polo in Figure 2 - Maturity Events in Females .....................................................................................................................................22 Canada, and the various contributions they have made in the preparation of this document: Deanna Barry, Paul-David Bernard, Alain Delorme, Jymmi Kaye Demchuk, Marie-Claude Deslières, Jef Ekins, Pierre Fiset, Paula Fisher, Francis Figure 3 - Maturity Events in Males .........................................................................................................................................22 Gross, Dave Hill, Pierre Langlois, Ross Macdonald, Mike Mortin, Clem Pelot, Paul Pottier, Julie Quenneville, Celso Rojas, Jean Thomas, Marilyn Thorington, Scott Smith, Annette Wildgoose. Figure 4 – Variation in Trainability ...........................................................................................................................................24 Finally, Water Polo Canada would like to thank the coaches, officials, administrators, volunteers, and athletes who give their time, energy, and passion to the sport of water polo. Figure 5 – Windows of Optimal Trainability ............................................................................................................................25 Thank you. Table 4 – Phases of an Annual Plan – Single and Double Periodization .............................................................................26 Table 5 – Objectives of Periodization Phases .........................................................................................................................27 Table 6 – Who is Responsible for Physical Literacy ...............................................................................................................28 Table 7 – Learning Fundamental Movement Skills ...............................................................................................................29 Table 8 – When and Where Children Learn and Practice Fundamental Movement Skills .................................................30 Figure 6 – Physical Literacy Leads to an Active Life ..............................................................................................................31 Figure 7 – Tiered Competition Diagram ..................................................................................................................................32 Figure 8 – Participation in Life-long Physical Activity ...........................................................................................................33 Figure 9 – Optimum Learning Environment ...........................................................................................................................36 Table 9 – Variety of Fundamental Movements and Skills that Underpin Physical Literacy ................................................40 Figure 10 – Circle of a Physically Active Life ..........................................................................................................................67 Table 10 – Optimal Training to Competition Ratios ................................................................................................................70 Table 11 – Trident Training ........................................................................................................................................................71 Figure 11 – Trident Training Pie Charts ...................................................................................................................................72 © Sport Canada and Water Polo Canada 2010 5 LONG-TERM ATHLETE DEVELOPMENT | “The pursuit of excellence and an active lifestyle” LONG-TERM ATHLETE DEVELOPMENT | “The pursuit of excellence and an active lifestyle” Glossary of Acronyms Glossary of Terms1 10U 10 yea rs old and younger The 5 Basic Ss of Training and Performance are Stamina (Endurance), Strength, Speed, Skill, and Suppleness